{"title":"Blue-yellow combination enhances perceived motion in Rotating Snakes illusion","authors":"Maiko Uesaki, Arnab Biswas, Hiroshi Ashida, Gerrit Maus","doi":"10.1177/20416695241242346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241242346","url":null,"abstract":"The Rotating Snakes illusion is a visual illusion where a stationary image elicits a compelling sense of anomalous motion. There have been recurring albeit anecdotal claims that the perception of illusory motion is more salient when the image consists of patterns with the combination of blue and yellow; however, there is limited empirical evidence that supports those claims. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether the Rotating Snakes illusion is more salient in its blue-yellow variation, compared to red-green and greyscale variations when the luminance of corresponding elements within the patterns were equated. Using the cancellation method, we found that the velocity required to establish perceptual stationarity was indeed greater for the stimulus composed of patterns with a blue-yellow combination than the other two variants. Our findings provide, for the first time, empirical evidence that the presence of colour affects the magnitude of illusion in the Rotating Snakes illusion.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.1177/20416695241227857
Junya Nakamura, Yasushi Ikei, Michiteru Kitazaki
{"title":"Effects of self-avatar cast shadow and foot vibration on telepresence, virtual walking experience, and cybersickness from omnidirectional movie","authors":"Junya Nakamura, Yasushi Ikei, Michiteru Kitazaki","doi":"10.1177/20416695241227857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695241227857","url":null,"abstract":"Human locomotion is most naturally achieved through walking, which is good for both mental and physical health. To provide a virtual walking experience to seated users, a system utilizing foot vibrations and simulated optical flow was developed. The current study sought to augment this system and examine the effect of an avatar's cast shadow and foot vibrations on the virtual walking experience and cybersickness. The omnidirectional movie and the avatar's walking animation were synchronized, with the cast shadow reflecting the avatar's movement on the ground. Twenty participants were exposed to the virtual walking in six conditions (with/without foot vibrations and no/short/long shadow) and were asked to rate their sense of telepresence, walking experience, and occurrences of cybersickness. Our findings indicate that the synchronized foot vibrations enhanced telepresence as well as self-motion, walking, and leg-action sensations, while also reducing instances of nausea and disorientation sickness. The avatar's cast shadow was found to improve telepresence and leg-action sensation, but had no impact on self-motion and walking sensation. These results suggest that observation of the self-body cast shadow does not directly improve walking sensation, but is effective in enhancing telepresence and leg-action sensation, while foot vibrations are effective in improving telepresence and walking experience and reducing instances of cybersickness.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-02-14eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695241226545
Daniel Fitousi, Daniel Algom
{"title":"The quest for psychological symmetry through figural goodness, randomness, and complexity: A selective review.","authors":"Daniel Fitousi, Daniel Algom","doi":"10.1177/20416695241226545","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695241226545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Of the four interrelated concepts in the title, only symmetry has an exact mathematical definition. In mathematical development, symmetry is a graded variable-in marked contrast with the popular binary conception of symmetry in and out of the laboratory (i.e. an object is either symmetrical or nonsymmetrical). Because the notion does not have a direct graded perceptual counterpart (experimental participants are not asked about the amount of symmetry of an object), students of symmetry have taken various detours to characterize the perceptual effects of symmetry. Current approaches have been informed by information theory, mathematical group theory, randomness research, and complexity. Apart from reviewing the development of the main approaches, for the first time we calculated associations between figural goodness as measured in the Garner tradition and measures of algorithmic complexity and randomness developed in recent research. We offer novel ideas and analyses by way of integrating the various approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695241226545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10868499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-02-13eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695241229019
Hans Strasburger, Nicholas J Wade
{"title":"Ewald Hering's (1879) \"On Muscle Sounds of the Eye\": A translation and commentary.","authors":"Hans Strasburger, Nicholas J Wade","doi":"10.1177/20416695241229019","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695241229019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Investigations of eye movements were transformed by Ewald Hering in 1879. He developed a novel method for recording them using the muscular sounds attendant on their rapid movements. Brief \"clapping\" sounds could be heard with the aid of a device like a stethoscope placed on the eyelid and they occurred when afterimages or \"floaters\" were seen to move. Hering applied the technique to record eye movements during reading and he called the rapid eye movements <i>Rucke</i> (jerks in English). Hering published a long review of eye movements and spatial vision later in 1879, but without a description of the muscle sounds. Hering's insightful article has been overlooked and a translation of it into English is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695241229019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10865949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139736379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-23eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231226157
Līga Zariņa, Jurģis Šķilters, Solvita Umbraško, Santa Bartušēvica
{"title":"Combining and segmenting geometric shapes into parts depending on symmetry type: Evidence from children and adults.","authors":"Līga Zariņa, Jurģis Šķilters, Solvita Umbraško, Santa Bartušēvica","doi":"10.1177/20416695231226157","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231226157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Symmetry is an important geometric feature that affects object segmentation into parts, though De Winter and Wagemans note that partly occluded objects can still be identified by the remaining visible parts. In two sets of experiments with children (<i>n</i> = 31, age 7-11, <i>M</i> = 8.8, <i>SD</i> = 1.4) and adults (<i>n</i> = 19, age 17-57, <i>M</i> = 30.4, <i>SD</i> = 12.6), we used 13 basic geometric figures distinguished by symmetry types to test how they are naturally segmented or combined and what the developmental impacts are on the segmentation and combination. In the first experiment, participants were asked to cut figures into two along a straight line; in the second experiment, participants had to create five sets of connected two-figure combinations where overlapping figures were allowed. The results confirmed the importance of the symmetry axis in both tasks. Other relevant criteria were dividing into half, maximal/minimal curvature, and use of edges or corners for reference. This study allows comparisons of the impact of symmetry type on the segmentation and combining of geometric figures and indicates developmental differences between children and adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231226157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10807397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-22eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231226059
Tingji Chen, Terhi M Helminen, Samuli Linnunsalo, Jari K Hietanen
{"title":"Autonomic and facial electromyographic responses to watching eyes.","authors":"Tingji Chen, Terhi M Helminen, Samuli Linnunsalo, Jari K Hietanen","doi":"10.1177/20416695231226059","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231226059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We measured participants' psychophysiological responses and gaze behavior while viewing a stimulus person's direct and averted gaze in three different conditions manipulating the participants' experience of being watched. The results showed that skin conductance responses and heart rate deceleration responses were greater to direct than averted gaze only in the condition in which the participants had the experience of being watched by the other individual. In contrast, gaze direction had no effects on these responses when the participants were manipulated to believe that the other individual could not watch them or when the stimulus person was presented in a pre-recorded video. Importantly, the eye tracking measures showed no differences in participants' looking behavior between these stimulus presentation conditions. The results of facial electromyography responses suggested that direct gaze elicited greater zygomatic and periocular responses than averted gaze did, independent of the presentation condition. It was concluded that the affective arousal and attention-orienting indexing autonomic responses to eye contact are driven by the experience of being watched. In contrast, the facial responses seem to reflect automatized affiliative responses which can be elicited even in conditions in which seeing another's direct gaze does not signal that the self is being watched.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231226059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10807318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-09eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231224138
Fumiya Haraguchi, Rumi Hisakata, Hirohiko Kaneko
{"title":"Temporal integration characteristics of an image defined by binocular disparity cues.","authors":"Fumiya Haraguchi, Rumi Hisakata, Hirohiko Kaneko","doi":"10.1177/20416695231224138","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231224138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We can correctly recognize the content of an image by presenting all of the elements within a limited time, such as in a slit view or a divided painting image. It is important to clarify how temporally divided information is integrated and perceived to understand the temporal properties of the information-processing mechanism of visual systems. Previous studies related to this topic have often used two-dimensional pictorial stimuli; however, few have considered the temporal integration of binocular disparity for the recognition of objects defined with disparity. In this study, we examined image recognition properties based on the temporal integration of binocular disparity, by comparing that based on the temporal integration of luminance. The effect of element onset asynchrony (the time lag among presented elements) was somewhat similar between disparity and luminance with respect to randomly divided elements. On the other hand, under slit-vision conditions, the tolerance range of spatiotemporal integration for luminance stimuli was much wider than that for disparity stimuli. These results indicate that the temporal integration mechanism in localized areas is common to disparity and luminance, but that for global motion shows differences between the two mechanisms. Thus, we conclude that global motion has little contribution to the temporal integration of binocular disparity information for image recognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231224138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10777792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-02eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231223444
Tomoaki Kozaki, Takeharu Seno, Akiyoshi Kitaoka
{"title":"Illusory motion and vection induced by a printed static image under flickering ambient light at rates up to 100 Hz.","authors":"Tomoaki Kozaki, Takeharu Seno, Akiyoshi Kitaoka","doi":"10.1177/20416695231223444","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231223444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visual motion signals can produce self-motion perception known as vection in observers. Vection can be generated by illusory motions in the form of global expantion in still images as well as by visual motion signals. The perception of vection can be enhanced by flickering images at a rate of 5 Hz. This study examined the illusory motion and vection induced by a printed static image under flickering ambient light at rates up to 100 Hz. The perception of illusory motion and vection were enhanced by flickering ambient lights at 50, 75, and 100 Hz. The enhancement effect was higher for the flicker rates expected to be detectable by humans. The findings of this study suggest that alternating bright and dark signals to the cone receptors and primary visual cortex trigger perceptions of illusory motions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"15 1","pages":"20416695231223444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231222995
Vebjørn Ekroll, Lara Wünsch, R. van Lier
{"title":"Magic for the mind's eye: A promising avenue for more universal design in the art of magic","authors":"Vebjørn Ekroll, Lara Wünsch, R. van Lier","doi":"10.1177/20416695231222995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231222995","url":null,"abstract":"In the art of conjuring, as well as in cognitive science, possibilities for designing magic tricks that are suitable for people who are blind or visually impaired have only rarely been considered. In this article, we argue that many magic tricks which are normally presented in a visual way, are not inherently based on visual processes, but instead on systematic illusions and limitations in visual imagery and mental simulations. Accordingly, it should be possible to adapt these tricks for presentation in a non-visual format, which should be suitable for people who are blind or visually impaired. As an initial test of this general approach, we adapted three magic tricks for non-visual presentation and presented them for blindfolded participants. Standard versions of the tricks were also presented to seeing participants. The participants in both groups were asked to indicate how magical they felt the tricks were, as well as whether they had any idea about the secrets behind them. The results suggest that the non-visual versions of the tricks are roughly comparable to the regular visual versions. We conclude that adapting magic tricks based on illusions of imagery for non-visual presentation appears to be a promising avenue for more universal design in the art of magic. We also argue that the illusions of imagery responsible for the experiences of magic evoked presents interesting challenges for basic cognitive science.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-PerceptionPub Date : 2023-12-15eCollection Date: 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1177/20416695231218520
Nathaniel J Dominy, Catherine Hobaiter, Julie M Harris
{"title":"Reindeer and the quest for Scottish enlichenment.","authors":"Nathaniel J Dominy, Catherine Hobaiter, Julie M Harris","doi":"10.1177/20416695231218520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231218520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the hall of animal oddities, the reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) is the only mammal with a color-shifting tapetum lucidum and the only ruminant with a lichen-dominated diet. These puzzling traits coexist with yet another enigma--ocular media that transmit up to 60% of ultraviolet (UV) light, enough to excite the cones responsible for color vision. It is unclear why any day-active circum-Arctic mammal would benefit from UV visual sensitivity, but it could improve detection of UV-absorbing lichens against a background of UV-reflecting snows, especially during the extended twilight hours of winter. To explore this idea and advance our understanding of reindeer visual ecology, we recorded the reflectance spectra of several ground-growing (terricolous), shrubby (fruticose) lichens in the diets of reindeer living in Cairngorms National Park, Scotland.</p>","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"14 6","pages":"20416695231218520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10725117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138805240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}