Abbas Ali Chandio, Asad Amin, Narayan Sethi, Ilham Haouas, Fayyaz Ahmad
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Environmental Degradation, Income Inequality, Technological Development and Food Availability on Quality of Life: Recent Evidence From South Asia","authors":"Abbas Ali Chandio, Asad Amin, Narayan Sethi, Ilham Haouas, Fayyaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1002/pa.2963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2963","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the determinants of quality of life in South Asian countries, focusing on Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Pakistan from 2000 to 2018. Life expectancy is used as the dependent variable, representing life quality. The independent variables include carbon emissions, remittances, information and communication technology, income inequality, government health expenditure, economic development, and food security. Cross-sectional time series FGLS is the main analytical method, supplemented by Pedroni and Kao cointegration tests and the Drisc/Kraay method. The findings indicate that information and communication technology, remittances, economic progress, and food security positively impact life expectancy, while CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, income inequality, and government health expenditures negatively affect it. The study proposes several policy recommendations to improve the quality of life in the South Asian region.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can Catering to Local Area Needs Through CSR Reduce Firm Risk?","authors":"Krishna Prasad, Durga Prasad M","doi":"10.1002/pa.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) spending to cater to the local area's needs (the area of business operations) in reducing the firm's risk in the mandatory CSR setting. Using a sample of 1677 Indian firms spanning the financial year 2009–2022, we present several interesting results. First, we demonstrate that the risk of the firms eligible under mandatory CSR law is higher than those not qualifying. Second, we find that the risk of firms that focus their CSR on the local area's needs is lower. In an additional analysis, we demonstrate that firms with higher spending on the local area experience lower contingent liability, legal expenses, and audit fees. We illustrate that focusing on the local area's needs in CSR efforts retains signaling value under a mandatory CSR regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pa.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Determines Public Funding for Elementary Education in India? Evidence From Before and After a Policy Change","authors":"Nurzamal Hoque, Ratul Mahanta","doi":"10.1002/pa.2956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2956","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Keeping to the increased emphasis on better educational quality across India as a tool of nation- building strategy, this study attempts to integrate demand components in analyzing the determinants of public spending for elementary education across states in India from 2005 to 2016. The study finds that the income (per capita) elasticity of per student government expenditure is higher in post-reform period. The state government's share of income devoted to elementary education remains roughly constant. Applying a correlated random effect approach to linear balanced panel data, this paper concludes that over time, a major determinant of growth of per student government expenditure is the growth of income per capita. Household demand for education, which is positively correlated with states' levels of development, influences public funding for education across states. The results will be important for analyzing general equilibrium models where the government aims to fulfill household demand.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Analysis of Contextual Factors Influencing women's Candidacy in Local Elections: Insights From Italy","authors":"Igor Benati, Greta Falavigna, Lisa Sella","doi":"10.1002/pa.2961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2961","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extensive research showed that the gender gap in electoral participation, both active and passive, is linked to cultural and socio-economic aspects that can combine in diverse ways across different territories, leading to regional disparities. The present study analyzes how such heterogeneity in cultural and socio-economic conditions interacts with the level of female participation in political competition in Italy, as measured by the proportion of female candidates in municipal elections from 2009 to 2016. Focusing on the gender dimension of candidacy in local elections, the study investigates its territorial determinants, particularly the role of the social and economic context. The research is innovative in two ways. First, it utilizes a large original panel dataset covering gender aspects of electoral candidatures at the municipal level as well as many socio-economic contextual characteristics. Second, it employs a specification of the Correlated Random Effects Within-Between model, which allows to disentangle the effect of both time-variant and time-invariant information within a panel data framework. Finally, the time period examined is of interest as it encompasses the Italian electoral reform known as Law 215/2012, which introduced a gender list quota at the municipal level. The results of the study suggest that policies to reduce the gender gap must aim not only at introducing quotas for women's representation but also at acting on all those economic and social factors that limit the presence of women in electoral candidacy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"News in Business News During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New Zealand: A Content Analysis","authors":"Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman","doi":"10.1002/pa.2962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2962","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New Zealand's response to the health risk of COVID-19 has been acclaimed as a success story compared to other nations. Yet, the impact of the pandemic on New Zealand businesses and the resulting shift in business operations and priorities remained least known. The aim of this study is to identify major concerns in business-related news in mainstream newspapers in New Zealand that impacted the businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative content analysis technique was employed to analyse the news content of a total of 134 newspaper articles from the major online mainstream newspapers published in New Zealand during the pandemic. The major themes identified from the content analysis were: Business, Subsidy, Lockdown, People. Further analysis of these themes disclosed that Business and People were the predominant themes in the news content during the pandemic. The findings reveal that the concerns of businesses extended beyond operational and financial performance, also encompassing the health and well-being of the employees and customers. The findings offer valuable insights for future research and bear significant implications for both management and policy-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Mahmoud Ta'amneh, Abdallah Mohammad Ta'amneh, Ali Ibrahim Abu Eid
{"title":"Corporate Social Responsibility Programs and Employee Retention: The Mediating Effects of Employee Trust in Organization","authors":"Mohammad Mahmoud Ta'amneh, Abdallah Mohammad Ta'amneh, Ali Ibrahim Abu Eid","doi":"10.1002/pa.2964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2964","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility initiatives on employee retention rates in private hospitals in Jordan. Additionally, this study investigates the mediator function of employee trust in private hospitals regarding the relationship between CSR initiatives and employee retention. A stratified sample of 363 personnel from private hospitals in northern Jordan is used, representing four distinct groups: physicians, nurses, technicians, and administrators. The data analysis uses the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The results indicate that corporate social responsibility (CSR) measures and trust in private hospitals in Jordan benefit employee retention. Furthermore, the level of trust in hospitals plays a crucial role in mediating the connection between corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and the ability to retain employees. These findings hold promise for the healthcare sector in Jordan, offering potential solutions to the pressing issue of employee retention and the potential to improve patient care quality significantly.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors Influencing Political Brand Coolness and Voting Intention","authors":"Saikat Banerjee","doi":"10.1002/pa.2957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2957","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Establishing a voter connection requires political parties to prioritize providing the electorate with pleasurable experiences, treating them as consumers, and incorporating the “coolness factor” as a key ingredient. Consequently, the perceived coolness of a political brand is a characteristic that develops and evolves independently within society. The current empirical research aims to explore the various factors that contribute to the perceived coolness of political brands and its influence on voting intention. The study's participants are selected from India, a vibrant and diverse nation known as the world's largest democracy. In order to analyze the data, researchers employ the technique known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the analysis highlight the considerable impact of political party brand meaning on its coolness, indicating a positive relationship between the two. The coolness of the political party brand is heavily influenced by the leader's image, which has a significant positive impact. It is further revealed that political party brand coolness has a significant positive association with voting intention and party brand engagement. Our investigation shows that political brand engagement serves as a mediator in the association between political brand coolness and voting intention, besides the direct influence of political brand coolness on voting intention. A comprehensive understanding of the study's findings enables political marketers to identify more effective strategies for cultivating political brand coolness and leveraging them to create memorable experiences that resonate with voters. Those factors ultimately affect how people vote.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Legal Constraints or Aggregate Individual Characteristics? Examining Factors of State R&D Intensity and Spending in the United States","authors":"Koomin Kim","doi":"10.1002/pa.2953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2953","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study empirically examines the impacts of legal constraints and aggregate individual characteristics on the funding and expenditure related to states' research and development (R&D). A system generalized method of moments (GMM) analysis is performed over a 20-year period (2000–2019). The budgetary institutions, including rainy-day funds, TELs, and debt limitations, significantly affect states' overall innovative capacity and R&D spending. They can hinder improvements in states' innovative capacity and R&D expenditure. On the other hand, states can circumvent these institutions and increase their R&D intensity and spending. States' development and human capacity foster their innovative capacity and R&D spending. Catholic work ethic is also crucial for enhancing state governments' innovative capacity and R&D expenditure. Legislative term limits reduce states' R&D intensity and expenditure. Meanwhile, economic downturns may motivate additional spending on R&D activities to promote states' innovative capacity and R&D spending. Fiscal burdens can prevent states from investing in R&D.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Roaming Urban Europe: How Can the Scope of Network Governance in the Multilevel Framework of the EU Explain the Performance of the Dutch Urban Envoy","authors":"Rosa Sara Groen, Rieneke Beeftink","doi":"10.1002/pa.2955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2955","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper examines the network governance approach of the Dutch Urban Envoy in the context of multilevel governance in the European Union. This paper aims to answer the research question on how the scope of network governance can explore the performance of the Dutch Urban Envoy. By analyzing network characteristics, such as legitimacy, actor-level properties, and network-level properties, this paper seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the performance of the Dutch Urban Envoy. Drawing on previous research, this paper identifies the applicability and limitations of assessing network characteristics in understanding advocacy processes. The paper successfully visualizes the networks of the Dutch Urban Envoy and explores their roles and mandates, contributing to determining the added value of their position. However, the network governance approach has limitations in explaining the tangible successes and challenges of the Dutch Urban Envoy that cannot be directly attributed to their overall performance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating Space for Africa: Revisiting China's Call for Co-Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative With African Countries","authors":"Emmanuel Chidiebere Edeh","doi":"10.1002/pa.2954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2954","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China's call for the co-construction of the belt and road initiative (BRI) with African countries has drawn scholarly attention to issues such as China's interest in Africa, Africa's interests in participating in the BRI, potential areas of synergy for complementary development, and Africa's strategy for engaging in the BRI. The paper revealed that there is a possible nexus for synergies between the BRI and Africa's development agenda, Agenda 2063. Nevertheless, the paper argued that despite the many promising potentials present in the BRI, without a better management strategy for engagement, the desired meaningful partnership will be far from actualization. As a result, it proposes engaging in BRI at the multilateral level. The paper submits that engagements at the multilateral level with AU and AUDA-NEPAD other than bilateral engagement are critical for achieving the desired partnership.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}