Journal of Public Affairs最新文献

{"title":"Brain Drain in Sport: Socio-Cultural, Economic Drivers, and Policy Implications of Athlete Migration","authors":"Rasool Norouzi Seyed Hossini,&nbsp;Maryam Amini,&nbsp;Erfan Moradi,&nbsp;Fereshteh Mohebbi,&nbsp;Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi","doi":"10.1002/pa.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global sports landscape has witnessed a significant rise in athlete migration, shaped by complex socio-cultural and economic factors. This study employs a qualitative research design based on grounded theory, specifically utilizing situational analysis (SA), to examine the migration dynamics of Iranian athletes. SA was selected for its capacity to provide a comprehensive analytical framework that captures the historical context, social arenas, and positionalities influencing migration trajectories. Findings reveal that Iranian athletes' migration is primarily driven by: (1) socioeconomic instability, and (2) the network of social relationships, which collectively shape five distinct migration positions. By developing a grounded theoretical model, this study offers a nuanced typology of Iranian athlete migration, contributing to the broader discourse on sports mobility, transnationalism, and the intersection of structural constraints and individual agency in migration decisions. From a policy perspective, the study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the root causes of migration, such as socioeconomic instability and the lack of opportunities within national sports systems. While investments in economic development, sports infrastructure, and talent retention strategies are generally believed to mitigate migration, initial improvements in these areas may not necessarily lead to less migration and could, in some cases, exacerbate the trend. This paper explores this theoretical contradiction and suggests that while investment in sports development is crucial, further research is needed to understand how such policies interact with different types of migration, including economic, forced, and temporary migration. Policies aimed at improving economic conditions for athletes, fostering talent retention strategies, and enhancing local sports infrastructures may still play a role in reducing some forms of migration, particularly if coupled with efforts to create stronger support networks and career development programs for athletes within the country.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN: The Impact of Institutional Quality and Macroeconomic Drivers","authors":"Muhammad Azam Khan,&nbsp;Yusnidah Ibrahim,&nbsp;Nor Salwati Othman,&nbsp;Sardar Fawad Saleem","doi":"10.1002/pa.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Institutional quality (IQ) stands as a cornerstone in shaping foreign direct investment (FDI), influencing both the confidence and commitment of international investors in any nation's economy. This research empirically explores the influence of IQ variables, along with other important macroeconomic factors, on inward FDI in nine countries of the <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mtext>Association of Southeast Asian Nations</mtext>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ mathrm{Association} mathrm{of} mathrm{Southeast} mathrm{Asian} mathrm{Nations} $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> (ASEAN) using quarterly data from 2002Q1 to 2022Q4. Appropriate estimation techniques, including Robust Least Squares, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), and Dynamic OLS estimators, are implemented in the current work to estimate the parameters. The study finds that IQ variables, namely corruption, rule of law, political stability, and government effectiveness, are significant in determining FDI inflows in the ASEAN economies, in addition to macroeconomic variables such as trade openness, urbanization, market size, financial sector development, tourism development, and inflation rate. The findings reveal that political stability and the rule of law positively influence FDI inflows, and corruption and government effectiveness show significant negative effects. Most variables showed significance at the 1% level. Findings suggest that policymakers should prioritize strengthening institutional governance, reducing corruption, and improving regulatory frameworks to create a more secure and attractive investment environment. Also, the stakeholders and development agencies must support institutional reforms to enhance legal certainty and administrative efficiency to boost FDI growth.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-M&A Efficiency in Indian Banking Sector: Insights From Data Envelopment Analysis","authors":"Anukampa Das,&nbsp;Nirakar Barik,&nbsp;Malabika Deo,&nbsp;V. Lourden Selvamani","doi":"10.1002/pa.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Merger and Acquisition (M&amp;A) in the Indian banking sector are driven by a combination of strategic, economic, and technological factors aimed at transforming the landscape of financial services. Hence, it becomes important to check the impact of M&amp;A on the performance of banks in terms of efficiency improvements which are largely unchecked. This study examines the impact of mergers on the overall technical efficiency (OTE) of the Indian banking sector, utilizing a two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach for analysis. The findings reveal that private-sector banks experience more significant efficiency improvements than public-sector banks. Interestingly, the Federal Bank and HDFC Bank emerge as highly robust institutions based on discriminant analysis. Logistic regression results show asset quality significantly boosts OTE for public sector banks, while bank size drives efficiency in private sector banks. These insights contribute to the literature on M&amp;As and the banking efficiency of India's evolving banking landscape.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crude Oil Price Variability and Employment Dynamics in Pakistan: A Sectoral Analysis","authors":"Khizra Nasir,&nbsp;Tanvir Ahmed,&nbsp;Talah Numan Khan,&nbsp;Rabiya Nasir","doi":"10.1002/pa.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research analyzed the link between crude oil prices and employment in Pakistan's agricultural, industrial, and services sectors. Pakistan, being an oil-importing country, is heavily dependent on imported oil for its macroeconomic performance. In 2022, the country imported crude oil worth $5.23 billion and was the 29^th largest importer of crude oil in the world. The entire economy, as well as each sector, is heavily dependent on imported oil, and consequently its fluctuating prices. Changes in oil prices pose a challenge for Pakistan's sectoral employment through different transmission channels. This research fills the gap in the literature by analyzing the impact of crude oil price on sectoral employment in Pakistan. In this research, time series data for the period 1981–2019 has been used. For employment dynamics in the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors, models based on efficiency wage theory have been developed and estimated using the ARDL co-integration technique. Estimated models indicate that a 1% increase in real crude oil prices resulted in a 0.13%, 0.1%, and 0.02% decline in employment in the agricultural, industrial, and services sectors, respectively. Among sector-specific variables, exports from each sector have a positive impact, while imports have a negative impact on employment in the respective sector. The results of the study recommend the stabilization of oil prices by readjustment of taxes and profit margins of oil companies by the Government of Pakistan. This shall promote tangible sectoral employment leading to the welfare of the impoverished masses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving the Effectiveness–Efficiency Paradox in AI-Enabled Public Services: Insights From the Resource-Based View and Public Value Theory","authors":"Novianita Rulandari,&nbsp;Andri Dayarana K. Silalahi","doi":"10.1002/pa.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of AI in public services creates a paradox where efficiency can undermine effectiveness, affecting service quality, citizen trust, and stakeholder satisfaction. This study addresses the dual outcomes of citizen and employee satisfaction, highlighting the moderating role of Human-AI collaboration in balancing these dimensions. Drawing on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Perceived Value Theory (PVT), the research examines AI's impact on citizen satisfaction (effectiveness) and employee satisfaction (efficiency). Data were collected from 805 government employees and 699 citizens across multiple Indonesian public agencies over a 6-month period in 2024 and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results show that service accuracy, transparency, and trust enhance citizen satisfaction, while processing time, accessibility, and resource utilization improve employee satisfaction. Human-AI collaboration moderates the relationship between efficiency and service quality, aligning effectiveness and efficiency to achieve dual satisfaction. By addressing theoretical gaps in public administration and AI adoption, the study underscores Human-AI collaboration as a critical mechanism for integrating technological solutions with human oversight.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young Household Intentions to Prevent Food Waste: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model","authors":"Muhammad Danish Habib,&nbsp;Nadia Ashraf,&nbsp;Festus Victor Bekun,&nbsp;Anar Aliyev","doi":"10.1002/pa.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food waste is a contemporary global issue that obstructs the achievement of many sustainable development goals (SDGs). Despite exponential growth in research related to food waste, there is not enough evidence in developing countries to guide policymakers in creating effective strategies. This research seeks to address the existing research gaps in understanding food waste prevention behavior by utilizing well-known theoretical lenses: the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the health belief model (HBM). The current study examines food waste prevention intentions of Pakistani households. Data was collected from 607 young households through the convenience sampling technique. The study results validated the propositions of TPB and HBM. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical knowledge related to food conservation by uncovering food waste prevention behavior. The study results are useful for practitioners and policymakers.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Corporate Social Responsibility Support Progress Toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Bangladesh?","authors":"Md Tota Miah,&nbsp;Tamal Chakrobortty,&nbsp;Kaniz Habiba Afrin,&nbsp;Anita Dancs,&nbsp;Mária Fekete-Farkas","doi":"10.1002/pa.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to critically assess the effectiveness of banks' CSR in advancing the sustainable development goals in Bangladesh. We employed exploratory and descriptive methods, including content analysis of published reports. Additionally, the annual report of 32 scheduled banks over a 5-year period (2018–2022) and the United Nations SDGs report 2022 were examined to evaluate the social and environmental impacts, uncovering the remaining challenges. The findings indicate that banks' CSR efforts primarily focus on socio-economic development, with less emphasis on environmental concerns due to financial constraints. However, they have made significant contributions to sectors such as education and disaster management. More CSR funds from government and foreign banks are needed to support other SDGs, for example, climate change, health, decent work and economic growth, and sustainable consumption and production. Finally, the research highlights the essential role of robust public-private partnerships, civil society involvement, and stakeholder engagement for the government to achieve the relevant SDGs. The paper also offers implications for policymakers, businesses, academics, and practitioners, emphasizing the moral responsibility of these stakeholders towards society.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pa.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Intentions to Actions: How Entrepreneurial Actions and Government Policies Mediate and Moderate This Link","authors":"Amaan Ullah,&nbsp;Nawab Ali Khan,&nbsp;Abukasim Idrisi,&nbsp;Imran Saleem,&nbsp;Mohd Yasir Arafat","doi":"10.1002/pa.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Entrepreneurial activity is a key driver of economic growth, contributing to innovation, job creation, and societal advancement. However, the process of transforming entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) into actual actions that lead to job creation is complex and influenced by a range of institutional factors. This study aims to examine the relationship between EIs, job creation expectations, and the role of total early-stage entrepreneurial activities (TEAs) as a mediating factor, while also assessing the moderating effects of government support policies. Using data from the global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) spanning 2001–2023 across 15 selected Asian economies, we identify that entrepreneurial actions partially mediate the link between EI and job creation. Moreover, supportive government policies play a significant moderating role in enhancing this relationship, whereas adverse institutional norms can hinder entrepreneurial progress. The study contributes to the literature by exploring the direct relationship between EIs and job creation, particularly, in the context of Asian economies. Additionally, it offers empirical evidence on the conditional effects of government policies, advancing our understanding of how they jointly influence the intention–action phenomenon. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers aiming to maximize the economic benefits of entrepreneurship through tailored policy reforms.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Theory to Practice: A Literature Review of Theoretical Frameworks in Public Sector Sustainability Reporting","authors":"Natalia Arias,&nbsp;Miguel Marco-Fondevila,&nbsp;Ana Yetano","doi":"10.1002/pa.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article reviews the evolution of corporate sustainability reporting (CSR) in the public sector, focusing on theoretical frameworks and their application in enhancing transparency and accountability. A systematic literature review of 126 journal articles was conducted to explore the theoretical underpinnings of CSR in the public sector, emphasizing economic, system-oriented, and multi-theoretical frameworks. The study identifies a shift from single-theory approaches to multi-theoretical models, reflecting the complexity of public sector sustainability reporting. Key trends include increased stakeholder engagement and the influence of international sustainability standards. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of CSR in the public sector, highlighting the theoretical evolution and suggesting future research directions to improve implementation and impact. The study is limited to published articles and may not capture all emerging practices. Further research could explore sector-specific reporting guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pa.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democracy and the Productivity Benefits of Entrepreneurship in Africa","authors":"Folorunsho M. Ajide","doi":"10.1002/pa.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are ongoing debates on whether democracy promotes entrepreneurship. The extant studies reveal mixed evidence on the nexus between the two variables. Furthermore, the implications of democracy for economic growth in developing economies remain a subject of controversy. Despite this intense debate, no known study has examined the interactive effect of democracy and entrepreneurship on labor productivity in developing economies. Our study fills this important gap. We investigate the effect of democracy on labor productivity. The role of democracy in the nexus between entrepreneurship and labor productivity is also investigated. The study is based on panel data of 31 African nations spanning a period from 2006 to 2022. Using instrumental variable (IV) estimator, the System generalized method of moments, and the panel data estimate based on robust standard errors, the study shows that democracy has a positive effect on labor productivity. Further empirical results show that the role of democracy in the relationship between entrepreneurship and labor productivity is positive and has a beneficial effect on labor productivity in the African continent. The implications of the results confirm that the interconnection between entrepreneurship and labor productivity relies on freedom, a foundation of a democratic system of government. Democracy enhances political and economic freedom and allows economic agents to exercise their free will as well as thoughts to be shared. This creates a conducive entrepreneurial environment for households and firms. Democracy allows citizens to seek and utilize economic and entrepreneurial opportunities, which finally boosts labor productivity in the economy. The study demonstrates that democracy provides a friendly business environment for entrepreneurial firms to innovate and grow.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}