Journal of Public Affairs最新文献_第2页

Are Pollution Control Bonds and Public Ownership Really Blessing for Utility Firms? 污染控制债券和公共所有权真的是公用事业公司的福音吗？

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70004

Imen Khanchel, Naima Lassoued, Cyrine Khiari

{"title":"Are Pollution Control Bonds and Public Ownership Really Blessing for Utility Firms?","authors":"Imen Khanchel, Naima Lassoued, Cyrine Khiari","doi":"10.1002/pa.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this study is to extend the existing literature on the relationship between green financing and carbon footprints in utility firms. We specifically examine the connection between pollution control bonds (PCBs) and carbon efficiency (CE), as well as whether public ownership moderates this relationship. This study is based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method with Variable Returns to Scale to measure CE in firms by optimizing inputs while considering both desirable and undesirable outputs. Specifically, the study uses three key input variables: labor, defined by the effective labor time of employees; capital input, calculated using the perpetual inventory method; and energy use, which refers to the final energy consumption. We include good outputs (represented by net sales revenue) and bad outputs (quantified by carbon emissions). Using a sample of 86 US utility firms that use PCBs, matched with an equivalent number of firms from 2011 to 2020, our findings indicate that PCBs increase CE. Furthermore, we observe that public ownership strengthens this relationship, suggesting that utility firms have to consider the role of public ownership when addressing environmental challenges. Sensitivity analysis, taking into account significant reforms such as the Clean Power Plan (CPP) and Affordable Clean Energy (ACE), yields interesting results. The findings during the application periods of both the CPP and ACE align with our primary conclusions, though with some variations. Specifically, the ACE period demonstrates more pronounced effects than the CPP, largely due to ACE's flexible framework, which alleviates financial and regulatory pressures on utility companies. Conversely, the suspension of the CPP yielded contrasting results, with PCBs reducing CE. This result is primarily because many firms continued to depend on traditional energy sources in the absence of new mandatory regulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pa.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding Urban Resilience and SDGs: A New Approach in Decision-Making for Sustainable Cities

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70007

Luciano Barcellos-Paula, Aline Castro-Rezende, Anna María Gil-Lafuente

引用次数: 0

Revealing Factors Influencing Digital Transformation in South Africa's Social Security Organisations

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-12-29 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70006

Luis Frota, Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu, Adrino Mazenda

{"title":"Revealing Factors Influencing Digital Transformation in South Africa's Social Security Organisations","authors":"Luis Frota, Margaret Chitiga-Mabugu, Adrino Mazenda","doi":"10.1002/pa.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study analyses factors influencing digital transformation in South Africa's national social security organisations. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 purposefully selected respondents and analysed using thematic analysis. The study found seven factors influencing digital transformation in South Africa's national social security organisations: Legal authority, Policy autonomy, Human resources, Finance, digital data collection and use, digital infrastructure and applications and digital skills and collaborative work. The study's findings showed that digitalisation per se does not lead to a better balance between policy alignment and organisational autonomy. On the contrary, the unprecedented access to ubiquitous data and massive processing capacity can heighten the tendencies of rigid systems for greater hierarchical control and lead to a future where decision-making is further centralised, data are inaccessible, the staff is disempowered and innovation is stifled. However, the study also highlights a potential solution—the need for hierarchical leaders to transition into collaborative workspace enablers who enhance the agencies' operational capabilities. This shift in leadership style can inspire innovation and empower staff, thereby mitigating the negative effects of digitalisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pa.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Pakistan's Textile Exports Under Trade Agreements

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70001

Amjad Masood, Junaid Ahmed, Khuda Bakhsh

{"title":"Assessing Pakistan's Textile Exports Under Trade Agreements","authors":"Amjad Masood, Junaid Ahmed, Khuda Bakhsh","doi":"10.1002/pa.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Textiles serve as the export engine of Pakistan's economy, constituting roughly 60% of its total exports. Despite this prominence, Pakistan's global share in textile exports has consistently declined. In light of this, this study explores the potential impact of free trade agreements (FTAs) on fostering textile exports. The study applied a structural gravity model with the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) estimator to analyze annual exports for the period 2002–2021. Findings exhibit a positive and statistically significant effect of FTAs on textile exports, with varied impacts compared to major competitors. Moreover, we categorized textile products at the HS four-digit level based on their value addition. Pakistan's FTAs facilitate the export of low- and medium-value-added textile products to Malaysia and South Asian countries, while exports of high-value-added products benefit from FTAs with China and Sri Lanka. The Pakistan–China FTA, in particular, stands out as highly effective. Regarding the European Union’s Generalized System of Preferences (EU-GSP+), which is designed to leverage trade benefits, findings reveal a significant impact on textile exports across various value-added categories. Overall, the lack of policy support for high-value-added exports contributes to the sector being mired in a low-value-added export trap.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering Lobbying as a Public Affairs Strategy: Insights From Canadian Ministers and Political Advisors 解读游说作为公共事务策略：来自加拿大部长和政治顾问的见解

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70005

Ken Chan

引用次数: 0

Does Flow of Remittances Matter for Enhancing the Labor Market Behavior of the Left-Out Members? A Micro-Level Analysis in the Context of Rural Jharkhand, India 汇款流量对加强被遗漏成员的劳动力市场行为有影响吗？印度贾坎德邦农村的微观层面分析

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70003

Suchi Smita Swain, Gurudas Das, Ujjwal Kanti Paul

{"title":"Does Flow of Remittances Matter for Enhancing the Labor Market Behavior of the Left-Out Members? A Micro-Level Analysis in the Context of Rural Jharkhand, India","authors":"Suchi Smita Swain, Gurudas Das, Ujjwal Kanti Paul","doi":"10.1002/pa.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In migration and remittance literature, considerable research has been conducted on how remittances impact the labor market behavior of family members left-out in households with migrants. However, the influence of remittance inflow on these family members left-out in households with migrants has been uninvestigated. This paper intends to bridge the gap by examining the influence of the flow of remittances on the labor market behavior of family members left-out in households with migrants in Jharkhand (an Indian state), a major source area of out-migration for economic reasons. Using cross-sectional data from 575 households across six districts, we utilize the endogenous switching probit model to analyze the influence of the flow of remittances on the labor market behavior of family members left-out in households with migrants. The study's findings suggest that (i) remittances exhibit a positive influence on the left-out members' labor market behavior, and (ii) the likelihood of heads of regular groups engaging in the labor market is high compared to their counterparts in irregular groups. These insights suggest that the regularities in the flow of remittances instill financial confidence among the left-out members, empowering them to invest in remunerative self-employed activities, which in turn generates employment opportunities in the rural labor market.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

E-Government and Tax Evasion: Does the Free Press Connect the Dots? 电子政府与逃税：新闻自由是否有关联？

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1002/pa.70002

Cemil Kuzey, Ali Uyar, Khalil Nimer

{"title":"E-Government and Tax Evasion: Does the Free Press Connect the Dots?","authors":"Cemil Kuzey, Ali Uyar, Khalil Nimer","doi":"10.1002/pa.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study, for the first time, tests the moderating effect of press freedom on the association between e-government and tax evasion. It aims to suggest policymaking better to combat tax evasion through e-government and the press. The study sample covers the period between 2002 and 2017 and includes 2202 country-year records affiliated with 138 countries. The time-fixed effect was executed to test the proposed hypotheses. The conclusions drawn from the study are as follows. First, the study finds that e-government practices with four proxies curtail tax evasion through a long-term vision of public administration, governments' adaptability to change, delivering online services to the citizens by governments, and crafting a legal framework for digital business services. Second, the study finds that all three proxies of press freedom (i.e., legal, economic, and political) are significant predictors of tax evasion implying that tax evasion is curbed in countries where the press is free in terms of highlighted dimensions of media freedom. Third, the free press, with its all three proxies, moderates and strengthens the relationship between e-government implementation and tax evasion. To fully realize the benefits obtained from e-government implementations, states worldwide need to build a better institutional environment one dimension of which is the free press.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Policy Learning for National Advantage and Sovereign Governance in Non-Western Contexts: Comparing Public Management Reforms in Azerbaijan, Malaysia, and Kazakhstan 非西方背景下国家优势与主权治理的政策学习：比较阿塞拜疆、马来西亚和哈萨克斯坦的公共管理改革

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1002/pa.2959

Artan Karini

{"title":"Policy Learning for National Advantage and Sovereign Governance in Non-Western Contexts: Comparing Public Management Reforms in Azerbaijan, Malaysia, and Kazakhstan","authors":"Artan Karini","doi":"10.1002/pa.2959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2959","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Policy transfer literature as a strand within policy studies highlights “national context” as crucial to understanding processes of transfer, convergence, and diffusion across contexts. While the policy transfer framework associated with it more specifically identifies “facilitators” and “constraints” of such national context as key to international policy learning based on doctrines such as NPM (New Public Management) and the like, policy scholars and practitioners have been struggling not only with the puzzle of “who learns what from whom” but also “how are policy lessons learned?” Based on these underpinnings, this paper attempts to compare public management reforms in Azerbaijan, Malaysia, and Kazakhstan, three “upper/middle-income” countries situated respectively in South Caucasus, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia, which share in common features including post-Soviet/post-colonial legacy, relative economic prosperity, and Muslim-majority populations. Relying on the policy transfer framework and ethnographic empirical research in Baku, Kuala Lumpur, and Astana during July 2022 to August 2023, the findings reveal an increasing “creativity” of these regimes in terms of adopting “policy learning” to fit their “sovereignty” agenda, often masking their autocratic nature and likely causing policy communication gaps between political principals, bureaucrats, and the citizenry. The latter coupled with evidence of an increasing influence of ethno-religious dynamics on reform implementation might as well be interpreted as transfer constraints likely to undermine the effectiveness of lesson-learning based on global administrative doctrines in order to sustain their national competitive advantages in the long run.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring the Barriers in Adoption of IFRS for SMEs in Developing Economies: An ISM-MICMAC Approach 衡量发展中经济体中小型企业采用《国际财务报告准则》的障碍：ISM-MICMAC方法

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1002/pa.2958

Pramahender

{"title":"Measuring the Barriers in Adoption of IFRS for SMEs in Developing Economies: An ISM-MICMAC Approach","authors":"Pramahender","doi":"10.1002/pa.2958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2958","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present study explores various macroeconomic determinants, which have a direct or indirect impact on the implementation of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) for small and medium enterprises, especially in emerging economies like India. Based on the identification of variables/measures from existing literature, the study further used multi-criteria decision-making approach's interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis using driving and dependence powers to frame hierarchy-based model of barriers in IFRS adoption. The paper has developed an interrelationship among 11 identified variables using ISM methodology and found that a full set of IFRS (Factor 1) forms the base of the completely proposed model, as per expert input, with all other factors relating to it either directly or indirectly. While common law system (2), taxation compliances (5), and professional education (4) are weak factors, which depend upon strong factors, the study found strong factors, that is, full IFRS (Factor 1), institutional factors (Factor 8), access to foreign capital (Factor 3), and complexity (Factor 6). Additionally, four factors, such as implementation costs or cost benefit analysis (Factor 9), inadequate infrastructure (Factor 11), firm size and internationalization (Factor 7), and perception of accountants (Factor 10), are identified as linkage variables. Further, using dependent and driving powers of identified variables were analyzed with the help of MICMAC analysis. The present work will be helpful to academicians, practitioners, and various concerned stakeholders in the relevant field.</p>\u0000 <p><b>JEL Classification:</b> M 40, M 41, M 48</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which Messages Motivate Tax Compliance in Low Administrative Capacity Settings? Experimental Evidence From Two Mozambican Municipalities 在行政能力较低的环境中，哪些信息会促使人们遵守税法？莫桑比克两个城市的实验证据

IF 2.7

Journal of Public Affairs Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1002/pa.2960

Armin von Schiller

{"title":"Which Messages Motivate Tax Compliance in Low Administrative Capacity Settings? Experimental Evidence From Two Mozambican Municipalities","authors":"Armin von Schiller","doi":"10.1002/pa.2960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2960","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past two decades, tax nudging has gained popularity as a method to boost tax compliance and help revenue authorities increase tax collection. However, most evidence on the effect of behaviourally informed tax letters comes from environments with high administrative capacity, which raises doubts about its generalizability. Against this background, this article tests the compliance effect of including messages that trigger deterrence or reciprocity beliefs in tax letters through a randomized controlled trial implemented in two mid-sized Mozambican municipalities, Vilankulo and Dondo. Conducted in 2018, the experiment focuses on property taxation, a tax overwhelmingly perceived to perform well below its potential in many low- and middle-income countries. The analysis relies on administrative data and exploits the complete universe of registered property tax taxpayers, including individuals and enterprises. The results indicate that (i) receiving a notification letter – not necessarily common practice in many contexts – has a significant positive impact on compliance; (ii) among enterprises, the message alluding to reciprocity backfires, while the most effective message to include generally is the one alluding to deterrence; and (iii) previously compliant taxpayers react negatively to the letter, regardless of the message included. These results carry relevant policy implications, indicating the large scope for behaviourally informed letters to help increase tax compliance, even in low administrative capacity settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47153,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Affairs","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pa.2960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0