{"title":"Evaluation of Assent Withdrawal Training for Board Certified Behavior Analysts: Impact on Competency and Clinical Practices","authors":"Cayenne Shpall, Michelle Kuhn","doi":"10.1002/bin.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assent is generally defined as an agreement to participate voluntarily and without coercion (Behavior Analyst Certification Board, 2020; Morris et al., 2024). Contemporary perspectives highlight its role in promoting client dignity, self-determination, and ethical practice within behavior analysis (Gover et al., 2023; Morris et al., 2021). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate a training protocol designed to build Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs) competencies in recognizing and responding to assent withdrawal when working with autistic individuals in a clinical environment. Participants' baseline competencies in identifying assent withdrawal were initially assessed, then delivered targeted training using instruction, modeling, and performance feedback to address skill gaps. Results indicated that all participants acquired and maintained competencies in identifying assent withdrawal, modifying interventions accordingly, and embedding assent checks. The findings suggest the integration of structured training steps such as operationally defining assent withdrawal behaviors, embedding ongoing assent checks, and using systematic data decision-making flowcharts into BCBA supervision was successful in ensuring assent-based competencies were utilized.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taylor A. Lachance, Diana E. Parry-Cruwys, Melissa K. Small, Allen Karsina, Jacquelyn M. MacDonald
{"title":"Predicting Novel Leisure Reinforcers Based on Preference Category","authors":"Taylor A. Lachance, Diana E. Parry-Cruwys, Melissa K. Small, Allen Karsina, Jacquelyn M. MacDonald","doi":"10.1002/bin.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research has shown that novel edible reinforcers can be identified based on category following a preference assessment of similar items in representative categories. The current study aimed to expand this research by determining preference based on category (e.g., squishy, fuzzy, bumpy, stringy, etc.) through the utilization of leisure items using an 8-item multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessment. Three adolescent males participated in the study; each was diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and was selected for the study based on classroom teacher reports that they would benefit from an expanded potential reinforcer pool and increased leisure engagement. An 8-item MSWO preference assessment including items from four categories was used to identify high preference categories for each participant. Based upon these results, the researchers determined whether novel leisure items from the high preference category would function as reinforcers using a concurrent-operants arrangement. Results showed that for all participants, both high preference tested leisure items and high preference novel leisure items functioned as reinforcers, measuring engagement with the item as the dependent variable. Results are discussed in terms of the utility of predicting novel leisure items that function as reinforcers based on sensory category.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146136063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Goal Setting and Token Reinforcement to Increase Exercises by Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Shreeya S. Deshmukh, Raymond G. Miltenberger","doi":"10.1002/bin.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Engaging in regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) can result in improvements in health in many children and adults. The United States Department of Health and Human Services (2018) recommends that adults engage in 75–150 min of MVPA and 2 days of muscle-strengthening activities every week. Yet, many adults do not meet this recommendation and even fewer adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) meet this recommendation. Several behavioral interventions are effective in increasing MVPA, but few have targeted muscle-strengthening activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate goal setting and token reinforcement to increase the frequency of exercises in adults with ASD. Two adults diagnosed with ASD participated in this study at a local dance studio. Using a multiple baseline design across exercises with a changing criterion design, we used goal setting and token reinforcement to systematically increase the frequency of muscle-strengthening exercises (e.g., pushups, bicep curls, modified squats, etc.). Both participants increased the frequency of the exercises according to the criteria changes until they met the terminal criterion for each exercise. Future directions for research and implications for practitioners were discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Hypothesis Testing Methods to Graduate and Undergraduate Students Using Equivalence-Based Instruction","authors":"Daichi Yusunoki, Kazuhiro Yamaguchi, Soichiro Matsuda","doi":"10.1002/bin.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, equivalence-based instruction (EBI) was used to teach hypothesis testing methods to graduate and undergraduate psychology students. Instruction was delivered on six-members classes representing the <i>z</i>-test, <i>t</i>-test, <i>F</i>-test, chi-square test and binomial test. A pretest-training-posttest-maintenance design was employed, with baseline relations taught using a computer-controlled match-to-sample task. The effects of training were assessed using both written and computerized pretests and posttests. One week after training, a follow-up written and computerized test was administered to assess maintenance. Test scores improved following training, derived relations emerged, and class-consistent responding generalized to a novel context (i.e., the written test) for all participants. These effects were maintained 1 week after training across all participants. This study systematically replicates precious findings that EBI can effectively teach advanced content to college students and is the first to apply EBI to the instruction of hypothesis testing methods.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of the SDLMI on the Acquisition of Self-Determination Skills for Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Esra Orum Çattık, Yasemin Ergenekon","doi":"10.1002/bin.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted to examine the effects of the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI) on the learning and maintenance of self-determination skills in young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social validity data were also collected from participants and their parents before and after the intervention. A multiple-baseline design was used as a single-subject research design. Young people with ASD not only acquired self-determination skills but also maintained these skills over time. In addition, following the intervention, they successfully performed the independent living skills they had personally selected as their own targets. Both the participants and their parents expressed high levels of satisfaction with the intervention process. Furthermore, compared to pre-intervention reports, notable positive shifts were observed in the perceptions and evaluations of both youth and parents after the study. This study demonstrated that SDLMI can be an effective model for teaching self-determination skills to young people with ASD in natural settings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robin Nuzzolo, Jeannemarie Speckman, R. Douglas Greer
{"title":"The Effects of Sensory Integration and Physical Exercise on the Stereotypy of Preschoolers With Autism","authors":"Robin Nuzzolo, Jeannemarie Speckman, R. Douglas Greer","doi":"10.1002/bin.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of the current study was to test the effects of two interventions, sensory integration (SI) therapy and physical exercise (PE), as treatments for automatically maintained stereotypy. The study was conducted with two sets of two preschool students with ASD using a counterbalanced, multiple treatment design to test for a functional relation between the interventions, the participants' individualized, prescribed SI diets or PE and the dependent variable, their episodes of stereotypy. The results do not support the use of SI as a treatment for stereotypy and showed positive results and the need for future research on PE and its effects on stereotypy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denise Pichardo, Lesley A. Shawler, Elizabeth A. Masler, Alison M. Kozlowski, Jessica L. Becraft
{"title":"Accuracy of Caregiver Report for Evaluating Treatment Effects for Pediatric Feeding Disorder: A Replication","authors":"Denise Pichardo, Lesley A. Shawler, Elizabeth A. Masler, Alison M. Kozlowski, Jessica L. Becraft","doi":"10.1002/bin.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interventions based on the principles of applied behavior analysis are highly effective at treating pediatric feeding disorder by increasing appropriate mealtime behaviors and decreasing inappropriate mealtime behaviors. Treatment effectiveness is usually evaluated with data collected by trained observers. Unfortunately, trained observers may not always be available or present to monitor child behavior. To address this barrier, caregivers may be able to track their child's feeding treatment progress. A recent preliminary study suggested that some caregivers' data may correspond well with trained observers and that caregivers can detect large changes in challenging behavior. In the current investigation, we replicated and extended Becraft et al. with 8 caregivers of children receiving treatment for pediatric feeding disorder. Overall, caregiver data were significantly correlated with observer data for inappropriate and appropriate behavior for seven out of eight caregivers. We also evaluated agreement between caregiver and observer data on the presence or absence of an effect (i.e., a difference between phases). Out of 16 possible phase contrasts, caregiver data agreed with observer data on whether there was a treatment effect 14 and 16 times via visual analysis for inappropriate and appropriate behavior, respectively. These preliminary data suggest that caregiver data may be used to track feeding treatment progress to determine whether there is a treatment effect with little to no formal data collection training.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel R. Thomas, Sharon A. Reeve, Kenneth F. Reeve, Jason C. Vladescu, April N. Kisamore
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Brief, Nonvocal Auditory Feedback Across Fields","authors":"Rachel R. Thomas, Sharon A. Reeve, Kenneth F. Reeve, Jason C. Vladescu, April N. Kisamore","doi":"10.1002/bin.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Auditory feedback has various uses across fields conducting scientific research. For the purposes of this literature review, we defined auditory feedback as a brief emission of sound (e.g., a click, a beep) to serve as a consequence for behavior. This review aimed to search across fields for the various uses of auditory feedback to effect behavior change. Through a comprehensive search, including both academic and medical journals, we identified 35 articles for inclusion, ranging from studies about decreasing extraneous body movement to improving sports behaviors to assisting patients to relearn walking skills to relationship building. Overall, the cumulative results of the studies show general effectiveness for auditory feedback procedures with 94.4% of authors reporting positive behavior outcomes. Given the overall reported effectiveness, there is a broad range of applications for auditory feedback, which should be examined through future research across fields, ranging from verbal behavior to artificial intelligence.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145695133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Drew E. Piersma, Savannah A. Tate, Sabrina M. Olivera, Zhibo Rong
{"title":"A Comparison of Latency- and Rate-Based CSAs in the Treatment of Automatically Maintained Self-Injury","authors":"Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Drew E. Piersma, Savannah A. Tate, Sabrina M. Olivera, Zhibo Rong","doi":"10.1002/bin.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Competing stimulus assessments (CSAs) are used to identify high-competition stimuli that effectively reduce challenging behavior. Despite their efficacy, CSAs can be time consuming to complete. Recently, Imler and Weyman examined the efficacy of a latency-based CSA (LBCSA) to improve assessment efficiency. Although results suggested that there may be some utility to the LBCSA, it was not compared to a traditional rate-based CSA. The current study's purpose was to replicate and extend the work of Imler and Weyman by conducting an LBCSA followed by a rate-based CSA to examine the correspondence among outcomes for two individuals with automatically maintained self-injury. Results indicated that the CSA outcomes were similar. During the extended treatment evaluation, high-competition stimuli reduced self-injury. However, when stimuli were associated with mixed outcomes across CSAs, the results of the traditional CSA were more accurate. Avenues for future research on LBCSAs are discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haven S. Niland, Samantha Bergmann, Karen A. Rader, Katherine M. Flores, Romeo I. Salazar, Caroline Richey
{"title":"Comparing Digital Stimulus Prompts to Teach Conditional Discriminations to Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Haven S. Niland, Samantha Bergmann, Karen A. Rader, Katherine M. Flores, Romeo I. Salazar, Caroline Richey","doi":"10.1002/bin.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prompts are a common instructional component in skill-acquisition programs for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Stimulus prompts are underused, likely due to limited contemporary guidance and challenges with their feasibility, making them somewhat enigmatic. Incorporating stimulus prompts into tablet-assisted instruction could improve feasibility. This applied study compared two types of digital stimulus prompts to teach conditional discriminations to three children with ASD. A survey of popular children's tablet apps and games informed prompt selection, and we conducted a tablet-based instruction readiness assessment. Using an adapted alternating treatments design with a no-treatment control, we compared motion (within stimulus) and pointing (extra stimulus) prompts across multiple stimulus sets. Both prompts were efficacious for two participants after individual modifications, and there was little difference in efficiency. Neither was efficacious for the third participant despite multiple modifications. Findings contribute to research on digital stimulus prompts and systematic evaluations of skill-acquisition procedures.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145595385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}