Allison N. Cascarilla, Matthew T. Brodhead, David J. Cox, Cherish M. Sarmiento
{"title":"Delay Discounting and Teacher Decision-Making of Behavioral Interventions","authors":"Allison N. Cascarilla, Matthew T. Brodhead, David J. Cox, Cherish M. Sarmiento","doi":"10.1002/bin.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents two studies that used delay discounting to understand how teachers of students who engage in challenging behavior discount delays in behavioral treatment outcomes. In Experiment 1, the authors administered the monetary choice questionnaire (MCQ) to assess discounting of monetary rewards and a treatment choice questionnaire (TCQ) to assess discounting of treatment outcomes. Results of Experiment 1 indicate that teachers discounted monetary rewards and treatment outcomes, and the region of the U.S. where one teaches may impact discount rate. Experiment 2 extended the findings of Experiment 1 by evaluating if a specific variable—severity of behavior—impacted teachers' rate of discounting. The authors administered two TCQs to assess behavior severity as a state influence. Results of Experiment 2 indicate that teachers discount delays to both monetary outcomes and treatment outcomes, and teachers did have higher discount rates in the severe TCQ compared to the mild TCQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bin.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145406532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Further Evaluation of a Fixed-Lean Approach to Facilitate Schedule Thinning Following Functional Communication Training","authors":"Alexandra Ramirez, Yanerys León, Janelle Bacotti","doi":"10.1002/bin.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiple schedules are commonly used to thin the schedule of reinforcement following functional communication training (FCT). Approaches to multiple schedule thinning have included: progressively increasing the duration of the S<sup>Δ</sup>, rapidly alternating S<sup>D</sup> and S<sup>Δ</sup> components, and immediate introduction of fixed-lean schedules. In this study we (a) further evaluated the efficacy of a fixed-lean schedule (multiple schedule 60 s/240 s) during multiple schedule thinning and (b) further characterized response patterns during sequential application of schedule thinning approaches. Two of three participants maintained low rates of problem behavior and discriminated mands during the fixed-lean phase whereas the third participant required a more progressive schedule thinning approach. Results are discussed in terms of relative contributions of different behavioral mechanisms (i.e., extinction, habituation, and stimulus control) and potential predictive factors for responsiveness to schedule thinning procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bin.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145406531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Response-Stimulus Pairing on Toy Play and Stereotypy in Three Children on the Autism Spectrum in China","authors":"Yan Li, Sheng Xu, Gabrielle T. Lee","doi":"10.1002/bin.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children on the autism spectrum who exhibit a restricted range of interests may engage less in appropriate toy play and display stereotypy, which may negatively affect their social engagement and task performance. Our study replicated and extended prior research by implementing response-stimulus pairing to increase appropriate toy play and decrease inappropriate toy play and stereotypy in three Chinese children (aged 4–5 years) on the autism spectrum. We used a multiple probe design across participants. Results indicated that the intervention effectively increased appropriate toy play while decreasing inappropriate toy play and stereotypy. These improvements were also observed during free play. Two weeks after the completion of the intervention, all participants maintained the target behavior. Future research should consider collecting generalization data from home settings and conducting more rigorous functional behavior assessments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellie Morosohk, Raymond Miltenberger, Rasha Baruni, Jennifer Cook
{"title":"Behavioral Skills Training to Increase Fidelity of Staff Searches at a Juvenile Residential Facility","authors":"Ellie Morosohk, Raymond Miltenberger, Rasha Baruni, Jennifer Cook","doi":"10.1002/bin.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Staff training is an essential component of effective behavior analytic interventions. This study examined behavioral skills training (BST) to teach staff in a juvenile residential facility to conduct appropriate room searches. The participants in the study were four staff members over the age of 18 years old who worked in the facility. All staff increased the fidelity of room searches after BST, however, room searches took less time when an observer was not present. A feedback component was implemented after behavioral skills training if the durations of room searches were shorter when the participant was unaware that they were being observed. Room search duration increased after feedback was delivered.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynthia P. Livingston, Brittany H. Loder-Lafferty, Jessica P. Tran, Isaac J. Melanson, Mirela Cengher, Daniel Kwak
{"title":"Evaluation of a Sequential Extinction Procedure on Preference for Communication Modalities During Functional Communication Training","authors":"Cynthia P. Livingston, Brittany H. Loder-Lafferty, Jessica P. Tran, Isaac J. Melanson, Mirela Cengher, Daniel Kwak","doi":"10.1002/bin.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Functional communication training is an effective and well-established intervention for socially maintained challenging behavior. Previous research determined that preference for functional communication responses (FCRs) influences treatment durability. This study extends previous research by evaluating the use of a sequential extinction procedure to establish a hierarchy of preference for FCR modalities within a treatment context. We taught participants different FCR modalities to access the same reinforcer maintaining challenging behavior and assessed modality preference via a concurrent operant mand modality preference assessment measuring FCR modality response allocation and challenging behavior. We then sequentially placed preferred modalities on extinction to establish a preference hierarchy and evaluate persistence of communication and challenging behavior during treatment challenges. Preference hierarchies were established for all participants within the context of treatment (functional communication training). Additionally, some challenging behavior was observed when preferred modalities were placed on extinction; however, effects were temporary and did not always persist across sequential extinction phases. These findings provide preliminary evidence to support teaching multiple communication modalities may lead to a more durable treatment. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bin.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah Roth, Emily Chesbrough, John Michael Falligant
{"title":"Response-Class Hierarchies in Self-Induced Vomiting: Functional Assessment and Treatment","authors":"Hannah Roth, Emily Chesbrough, John Michael Falligant","doi":"10.1002/bin.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions sometimes engage in self-induced vomiting, a behavior associated with serious medical complications and increased risk of exposure to communicable diseases. Despite its clinical significance, the functional dimensions of self-induced vomiting remain understudied, particularly in cases where it occurs within a hierarchical response class of attention-maintained behavior. This study describes the functional assessment and treatment of self-induced vomiting in an adolescent male with multiple neurodevelopmental conditions. A response class hierarchy analysis was conducted to evaluate whether self-induced vomiting, self-gagging, pica, and other challenging behaviors were functionally related. Findings revealed systematic shifts in challenging behavior topographies with sequential exposure to extinction, supporting the presence of a hierarchically organized response class maintained by attention. Treatment involved functional communication training, extinction, and an individualized levels system involving token reinforcement and a probabilistic exchange schedule. This multicomponent intervention eliminated self-induced vomiting, self-gagging, pica, and other challenging behaviors within the attention-maintained response class. These findings underscore the need for function-based assessments in the treatment of self-induced vomiting and related behaviors.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel E. Kaye, Joseph Vedora, Daniel Almeida, Nicole DeRosa
{"title":"Using Antecedent and Functional Analyses to Conduct a Treatment Comparison on Echolalia","authors":"Rachel E. Kaye, Joseph Vedora, Daniel Almeida, Nicole DeRosa","doi":"10.1002/bin.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immediate echolalia is a communication excess often associated with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most studies evaluating immediate echolalia have focused on antecedent manipulations to address deficits in stimulus control. However, most research on function-based interventions for immediate echolalia has focused on antecedent analyses to hypothesize the potential maintaining variable, without including a functional analysis (FA) to formally evaluate the maintaining variable of immediate echolalia. The purpose of the current study was to extend the antecedent analyses that have been previously used to develop interventions for immediate echolalia and determine if a maintaining variable for immediate echolalia could be determined through a functional analysis. In the second phase of the study, an alternating treatments design was used to compare the effectiveness of a nonfunction based intervention to a function-based intervention.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pierce M. Taylor, Celeste M. Tevis, Samuel L. Morris
{"title":"Improving the Function of Social Interaction: A Preliminary Evaluation of a Basic-Research-Informed Approach","authors":"Pierce M. Taylor, Celeste M. Tevis, Samuel L. Morris","doi":"10.1002/bin.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When social interactions do not function as efficacious reinforcers, it may impede learning in environments that rely on differential social consequences. Although researchers have evaluated methods of improving the function of social interaction, these methods are not always effective, perhaps because they are inconsistent with principles of Pavlovian conditioning. In the current study, we evaluated whether a basic-research-informed approach could increase the reinforcing efficacy of social interactions for two children with developmental disabilities. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of conditioning procedures that ensured large <i>C</i>/<i>t</i> ratios by using progressive ratio schedules to quantify changes in the reinforcing efficacy of play with and without social interaction. The <i>C</i>/<i>t</i> ratio represents the temporal contiguity between stimuli, where <i>C</i> is the average time between unconditioned stimulus (US) deliveries, and <i>t</i> is the average time between the neutral stimulus and US deliveries. Improvements in absolute and relative reinforcer efficacy of social interaction were obtained for both participants, suggesting that methods which ensure large <i>C</i>/<i>t</i> could result in more efficacious conditioning interventions. We discuss the need for further translational and applied research as well as potential clinical implications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brittani E. Vecchia, Sharon A. Reeve, Jason C. Vladescu, Kenneth F. Reeve, Carleana R. Hickey
{"title":"Using General-Case Procedures to Teach Graphing Skills to Undergraduate Students","authors":"Brittani E. Vecchia, Sharon A. Reeve, Jason C. Vladescu, Kenneth F. Reeve, Carleana R. Hickey","doi":"10.1002/bin.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As fluency in technology becomes more of a requirement in many fields, identifying an effective and efficient way to teach technology skills, such as spreadsheets, is necessary. In the field of behavior analysis, many studies assessed methods to teach graphing skills, but few have reported programming for or assessing generalization of these skills. One effective way to program for generalization is through general-case procedures, which produces behavior change across a variety of stimuli and responses while requiring minimal training time. The current study used a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design across participants to assess the effects of general-case procedures and computer-based instruction on graph training in Excel and to program for and assess within and across-category generalization of responding with undergraduate college students. These procedures resulted in generalized responding within and across stimuli and response categories for most participants. Future research should further evaluate the application of general-case procedures outside of behavior analysis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Supervisor's Feedback Skills During Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment","authors":"Hege Tryggestad, Sigmund Eldevik, Ellie Kazemi, Sheri Kingsdorf, Svein Eikeseth","doi":"10.1002/bin.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bin.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective staff training and supervision are vital in human care services, influencing staff performance and the quality of care. This study explores the effectiveness of an 8 h training program for Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBA) in providing performance feedback, specifically in the context of a Paired Stimulus (PS) preference assessment. The training consisted of 5 h of instruction, exercises, and discussions, followed by 3 h of Behavioral Skills Training (BST), emphasizing performance feedback as a pivotal component. Using a concurrent multiple probe design across four supervisors, the results demonstrated substantial improvement in supervisors' ability to provide performance feedback, which in turn enhanced supervisees PS preference assessment skills. Furthermore, two of the four supervisees demonstrated mastery of feedback-giving skills after receiving performance feedback and observing their supervisors being given feedback. The remaining two supervisees required direct instruction in feedback delivery in order to meet the mastery criteria. The study contributes to the limited literature on training supervisors to provide effective feedback and the importance of incorporating specific feedback-giving skills in supervision training programs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47138,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Interventions","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}