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Labor market concentration and heterogeneous effects on wages: Evidence from Japan 劳动力市场集中与工资的异质性影响——来自日本的证据
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101242
Atsuko Izumi , Naomi Kodama , Hyeog Ug Kwon
{"title":"Labor market concentration and heterogeneous effects on wages: Evidence from Japan","authors":"Atsuko Izumi ,&nbsp;Naomi Kodama ,&nbsp;Hyeog Ug Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides empirical evidence of the impact of labor market concentration on wages. We find that (1) wages are suppressed in more concentrated labor markets, (2) labor rigidity is associated with wage responsiveness to labor market concentration, (3) the impact of labor market concentration on wages is smaller for firms with more competitive downstream product markets, and (4) greater job opportunities outside the manufacturing sector weaken the relationship between concentration and wages. In sum, our findings indicate that labor rigidity and the degree of competition in downstream product markets, as well as outside options, affect the relationship between market concentration and wages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49790507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of aging on the age–wage profile in Japan 老龄化对日本年龄工资结构的影响
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101230
Toshikatsu Inoue
{"title":"The effect of aging on the age–wage profile in Japan","authors":"Toshikatsu Inoue","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This paper argues that aging of the workforce is an important factor causing the flattening of the age–wage profile of the Japanese economy that has been observed over the past two decades. Assuming imperfect substitution between older and younger workers, we derive the labor demand function from the firm’s optimization problem. We estimate the </span>elasticity of substitution between different aged workers, and quantify the effect of aging on the age–wage profile. We find that aging of the workforce can explain more than 80% of the change in the age–wage profile from 2000 to 2019.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136799223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Decreasing wage returns to human capital: Analysis of wage and job experience using micro data of workers☆ 工资报酬对人力资本的递减:基于工人微观数据的工资与工作经验分析
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101217
Taro Kimura, Yoshiyuki Kurachi, Tomohiro Sugo
{"title":"Decreasing wage returns to human capital: Analysis of wage and job experience using micro data of workers☆","authors":"Taro Kimura,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Kurachi,&nbsp;Tomohiro Sugo","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent literature reports a decrease in wage returns to skills since the 2000s. This paper contributes additional evidence that this trend is also occurring with skills that accumulate through job experience. We use micro data of Japanese workers to analyze this phenomenon by taking advantage of unique Japanese employment practices that emphasize skills acquired through tenure and on-the-job training as important human capital. We find that (1) wage returns to job experience have significantly decreased from the 2000s to the 2010s and (2) decomposing the human capital into general and firm-specific, the returns to the latter have decreased significantly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89724584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Can child benefit reductions increase maternal employment? Evidence from Japan 减少儿童福利能增加产妇就业吗?来自日本的证据
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101231
Shinsuke Asakawa , Masaru Sasaki
{"title":"Can child benefit reductions increase maternal employment? Evidence from Japan","authors":"Shinsuke Asakawa ,&nbsp;Masaru Sasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study estimates the policy impacts of the resumption of income thresholds for receiving child benefits (CB), in April 2012, on maternal labor market participation, childcare services use, and child health outcomes in Japan. Using data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century and employing a regression discontinuity design, we found that the reduction of CB payments in higher-earning households, where the annual income of the household head exceeded their threshold, promoted intensive and extensive margins of maternal labor supply, especially for part-time workers and the self-employed. Furthermore, mothers returned to the workplace using non-accredited childcare and increasing the total childcare costs but having no impact on children's health outcomes. Heterogeneous effects were also observed in prefectures with low availability of accredited childcare; mothers incurring CB reduction used non-accredited childcare to start full-time employment. These findings imply that CB reduction had the advantage of encouraging maternal employment and, especially in prefectures with few childcare facilities, increasing the number of accredited childcare centers and that reducing the price of non-accredited childcare services can make it easier for mothers to return to the workforce after giving birth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82544901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantifying the impact of the Tokyo Olympics on COVID-19 cases using synthetic control methods 利用综合控制方法量化东京奥运会对COVID-19病例的影响
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101228
Taro Esaka , Takao Fujii
{"title":"Quantifying the impact of the Tokyo Olympics on COVID-19 cases using synthetic control methods","authors":"Taro Esaka ,&nbsp;Takao Fujii","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper uses a synthetic control method (SCM) and a Ridge Augmented SCM to estimate the impact of holding the Tokyo Olympic games on the number of newly confirmed COVID-19 cases in Tokyo (Japan). Our analysis with these methods enables us to estimate the causal impact of the Tokyo Olympics on COVID-19 cases by constructing counterfactual COVID-19 cases for Tokyo (Japan) as the optimal weighted average of COVID-19 cases of OECD countries that are not affected by holding the Olympics through a data-driven approach. Based on reliable estimates obtained from different analytical settings, we find that, compared to the counterfactuals, holding the Tokyo Olympics significantly increased the daily average number of COVID-19 cases by 105 to 132 cases in Tokyo (47 to 65 cases in Japan as a whole) per million people. This result suggests that holding the Olympics likely led to the spread of COVID-19 infection in Tokyo (Japan).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9376984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10266002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Displacement effects of public libraries 公共图书馆的位移效应
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101219
Kyogo Kanazawa , Kohei Kawaguchi
{"title":"Displacement effects of public libraries","authors":"Kyogo Kanazawa ,&nbsp;Kohei Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>If free lending in public libraries is displacing sales in bookstores, some compensation may be needed to maintain incentives for authors to create new works. To determine whether this is indeed the case, we created a novel dataset that integrated bookstore sales data with public library copy data in Japan and quantified the displacement effects of public libraries. Controls for title-municipality, months-after-publication, and municipality-month-specific unobserved heterogeneity were introduced. The study found that a library copy displaced the sales of the title in the municipality by approximately 0.24 copies per month for the top 1/6 popular books and 0.52 copies for bestsellers. Various robustness checks were consistent with the baseline results; thus, the study confirmed the displacement effects of popular books.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889158322000284/pdfft?md5=d1320c9473791614ea7d11bb41a5eb90&pid=1-s2.0-S0889158322000284-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79896547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Bank–firm relationship and loan maturity: Evidence from Japanese SMEs 银企关系与贷款期限:来自日本中小企业的证据
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101229
Islam Kachkach , Hirofumi Uchida
{"title":"Bank–firm relationship and loan maturity: Evidence from Japanese SMEs","authors":"Islam Kachkach ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Uchida","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We use unique data on Japanese SMEs to investigate how the bank-firm relationship affects the loan maturity of SMEs in Japan. We apply Diamond's (1991) model on the firms’ choice of long- versus short-term debt to the context of SME lending and test a prediction in a manner faithful to the applied model. We find that the ratio of long-term loans decreases with the strength of bank-firm relationships as measured by their duration. This finding is consistent with the prediction and suggest that SMEs take into account the benefit of information production by banks and the cost of liquidation when determining the loan maturity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75461854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of firm's GVC participation on productivity: A case of Japanese firms 企业参与全球价值链对生产率的影响——以日本企业为例
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101232
Shujiro Urata , Youngmin Baek
{"title":"Impacts of firm's GVC participation on productivity: A case of Japanese firms","authors":"Shujiro Urata ,&nbsp;Youngmin Baek","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article examined the effect of participation in global value chains (GVCs) on productivity for Japanese manufacturing firms by using firm-level data obtained from the Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities [Kigyo Katsudo Kihon Chosa], Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. We define a firm engaged in both importing and exporting as a GVC firm. Our analysis is conducted for the period 1994–2018, and it covers approximately 10,000 firms for each year with some variations during the period. We combine the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Difference in Differences (DID) estimation methods, in order to examine the impact of a shift from non-GVC firm to GVC firm, or participation in GVC by a non-GVC firm, on its productivity. To test the importance of experiences in GVC participation on productivity (learning effect), we estimated the impact not only for the first year of GVC participation but also for subsequent five years. Our analysis showed the impact of GVC participation on productivity is positive for our 110 estimations with few exceptions, and the estimated coefficients are statistically significant for approximately 35 percent of the cases. These findings indicate that the impact of GVC participation on productivity for Japanese manufacturing firms is generally positive, but the impact is not very strong. We also found that the magnitude of positive coefficient increased over time, indicating that it takes GVC participating firms time and experiences to assimilate new technology and management know-how they acquired through GVC participation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136799224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum to ‘Political conflict and angry consumers: Evaluating the regional impacts of a consumer boycott on travel services trade’ [Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 65 (2022) Article Number 101216] “政治冲突和愤怒的消费者:评估消费者抵制对旅游服务贸易的区域影响”[日本与国际经济杂志65(2022)第101216期]
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101227
JaeBin Ahn , Theresa M. Greaney , Kozo Kiyota
{"title":"Erratum to ‘Political conflict and angry consumers: Evaluating the regional impacts of a consumer boycott on travel services trade’ [Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 65 (2022) Article Number 101216]","authors":"JaeBin Ahn ,&nbsp;Theresa M. Greaney ,&nbsp;Kozo Kiyota","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889158322000363/pdfft?md5=86153a0d2bf83f528f045c9d312bd729&pid=1-s2.0-S0889158322000363-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72580694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Political conflict and angry consumers: Evaluating the regional impacts of a consumer boycott on travel services trade 政治冲突与愤怒的消费者:评估消费者抵制对旅游服务贸易的区域影响
IF 2.9 3区 经济学
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101216
JaeBin Ahn , Theresa M. Greaney , Kozo Kiyota
{"title":"Political conflict and angry consumers: Evaluating the regional impacts of a consumer boycott on travel services trade","authors":"JaeBin Ahn ,&nbsp;Theresa M. Greaney ,&nbsp;Kozo Kiyota","doi":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jjie.2022.101216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Political conflict between nations sometimes leads to consumer boycotts. We examine the regional impacts of bilateral boycott activity by investigating the 2019 Korean consumer boycott of travel to Japan. Employing triple- and double-differences designs, we find that the impact of the boycott is large and regionally heterogeneous. Japanese prefectures with high (i.e., 75th percentile) pre-boycott dependency on visitors from Korea suffer bilateral export losses of 56.9 to 60.9 percent and aggregate export losses of 10.5 to 13.3 percent. Prefectures with low (i.e., 25th percentile) Korea dependency experience bilateral losses of 47.8 to 49.7 percent and aggregate losses of 3.3 to 4.2 percent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47082,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japanese and International Economies","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889158322000259/pdfft?md5=5cc66bc94710afdcfb2c4c4def7a54d2&pid=1-s2.0-S0889158322000259-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88188480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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