Rationality and Society最新文献_第5页

Support for social policies: Focusing on effects of group belonging 社会政策支持:关注群体归属效应

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-08-10 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221118648

Naoki Sudo

引用次数: 0

Divisiveness, splintering, and the rational interpretation of text 分裂，分裂，和文本的理性解释

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221113403

J. Joslyn

引用次数: 0

Towards a nuanced understanding of anti-immigration sentiment in the welfare state – a program specific analysis of welfare preferences 对福利国家的反移民情绪进行细致入微的理解——对福利偏好的具体分析

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221093746

Matthias Diermeier, Judith Niehues

{"title":"Towards a nuanced understanding of anti-immigration sentiment in the welfare state – a program specific analysis of welfare preferences","authors":"Matthias Diermeier, Judith Niehues","doi":"10.1177/10434631221093746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10434631221093746","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on immigration and the welfare state describes a trade-off between immigration and welfare support. We argue for a more nuanced view of welfare chauvinism that accounts for different motivational channels, specific welfare programs and particular population subgroups. First, we identify two separate characteristics of hostility towards immigrants that trigger welfare chauvinism: affective anti-migration sentiment that combines economic and cultural motives; and a ‘putative rational anti-migration sentiment’ that is driven by the fear that immigration could overburden the welfare state although immigrants themselves are not disliked or even appreciated. Second, running a program-specific analysis, we find that affective and ‘putative rational’ opposition to migration lower redistributive preferences towards the unemployed. On the contrary, affective anti-immigration sentiment even increases welfare affinity towards the elderly. We interpret this finding not as preferences for or against a specific welfare program but as implicit sympathy or antipathy for its recipients. Third, investigating the role of Populist Radical Right Parties (PRRPs) as the main source of welfare chauvinism, we find that PRRP supporters strongly prefer more redistribution towards a perceived native in-group: the elderly.","PeriodicalId":47079,"journal":{"name":"Rationality and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Verbal interaction in a social dilemma 社会困境中的言语互动

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-05-25 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221094555

Zoe Adams, A. Ludwiczak, D. Sharma, Magda Osman

{"title":"Verbal interaction in a social dilemma","authors":"Zoe Adams, A. Ludwiczak, D. Sharma, Magda Osman","doi":"10.1177/10434631221094555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10434631221094555","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the first sociolinguistic examination of communication in a social dilemma. 90 participants (18 groups of 5) completed a modified public goods game with 2 rounds: an effort-based task and an unscripted online chat about the results. A linear regression shows that consensus-building language in the Round 1 chat affects cooperative behaviour in the Round 2 task. A qualitative analysis of 3 groups explores how participants use different recognisable styles of communication (registers) to strategically align with or disalign from one another (stancetaking). Each analysis is complemented with a quantitative visualisation of how (dis)alignment between participants unfolds in real-time. We found that successful groups employ registers associated with collective action, such as gameshow talk (‘ouch. £69 out of a possible £120’) to encourage, punish, and pledge allegiance to one another. Less successful groups use registers that risk evoking mistrust and reducing obligation, such as business talk (‘I approve’). We argue that a mixed methods approach to interaction and behaviour can reveal incremental shifts in consensus building that underpin quantitative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47079,"journal":{"name":"Rationality and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43460068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coherence between theory and policy in Nudge and Boost: Is it relevant for evidence-based policy-making? Nudge and Boost中理论和政策的一致性：它与循证决策相关吗？

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-05-25 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221093741

Daphne Truijens

{"title":"Coherence between theory and policy in Nudge and Boost: Is it relevant for evidence-based policy-making?","authors":"Daphne Truijens","doi":"10.1177/10434631221093741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10434631221093741","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral policies Nudge and Boost are often advocated as good candidates for evidence-based policy. Nudges present or “frame” options in a way that trigger people’s decision-making flaws and steer into the direction of better choices. Nudge aims to do this without changing the options themselves. Boosts also present choices in alternative ways without changing options. However, rather than steering, Boosts are aimed to increase people’s competences. Nudge and Boost originated in extensive research programs: the “heuristics-and-biases program” and the “fast-and-frugal heuristics program,” respectively. How exactly do Nudge and Boost policies relate to the theories they originated from in the first place? Grüne-Yanoff and Hertwig labeled this a question of “theory-policy coherence” and propose to use it for determining the evidence-base of Nudge and Boost. I explore the question: “In how far is theory-policy coherence in Nudge and Boost relevant for evidence-based policymaking?.” I argue that the implications of (weaker or stronger) theory-policy coherence are relevant in two ways. First, Grüne-Yanoff and Hertwig show that theory-policy coherence between Nudge and Boost and the research programs is not as strong as often assumed. It is crucial for the evidence-based policymaker to realize this. Assuming theory-policy coherence while it does not exist or is weaker than assumed can lead to an incorrect assessment of evidence. Ultimately it can even lead to adoption of policies on false grounds. Second, the concept of theory-policy coherence may assist the policymaker in the search and evaluation of (mechanistic) evidence. However, in order to do so, it is important to consider the limitations of theory-policy coherence. It can neither be employed as the (sole) criterion with which to determine how well-grounded a policy is in theory, nor be the (sole) basis for making comparative evaluations between policies.","PeriodicalId":47079,"journal":{"name":"Rationality and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48353362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feudal bargain in Prague: The rise, spread, and fall of craft guilds 布拉格的封建交易：工艺行会的兴起、传播和衰落

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221092758

D. Dolejší

引用次数: 1

Black-White incentive inequality for college persistence 黑人-白人对大学持久性的激励不平等

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221091225

Dirk Witteveen, Paul A. Attewell

{"title":"Black-White incentive inequality for college persistence","authors":"Dirk Witteveen, Paul A. Attewell","doi":"10.1177/10434631221091225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10434631221091225","url":null,"abstract":"Despite similar educational aspirations, black students persist in higher education at much lower rates than white undergraduates. This paper advances a theoretical explanation for the racial gap in persistence by examining whether the differential attrition in college reflects contrasting incentives for educational persistence. To account for the highly unequal hurdles faced by black men and women in college and in the labor market, we propose a method that addresses race-gender-specific opportunity structures in both institutions simultaneously. This approach is based on forward-looking estimates of outcomes where students draw information from their race-gender reference group ahead of them. The model estimates the earnings payoffs of persistence separately for each race-gender group at three consecutive educational decision nodes: at high school graduation, college entry, and after one year in college. We subsequently apply one version of this model to data from the American Community Surveys (2001–2017), calculating the absolute and relative incentives for educational persistence across racial groups. In addition to large dollar earnings differentials, the analyses reveal striking racial gaps of the relative incentives to stay enrolled: “incentive inequality.” This incentive race gap is largest at the earliest stages of the higher education career—high school graduation and college entry—where the black undergraduate dropout rate is highest. Our findings have substantive and methodological implications for situations where returns to investments are unequal across groups affected by discrimination.","PeriodicalId":47079,"journal":{"name":"Rationality and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43907613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Party competition and the structuring of party preferences by the left-right dimension 政党竞争与政党偏好结构的左右维度

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221087998

Holger Reinermann

引用次数: 0

Emergence of and compliance with new social norms: The example of the COVID crisis in Germany 新的社会规范的出现和遵守:以德国新冠疫情危机为例

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221092749

A. Diekmann

引用次数: 5

The persistence of opposition in an oppressive regime: The case of the Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia 压迫政权中反对派的持续存在：以捷克斯洛伐克天主教会为例

IF 1 4区社会学

Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/10434631221092759

Pavol Minarik

引用次数: 0