IF 1.1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02326

Siddartha Guru , Jyoti Saroya , Navami Guru , Poonam Bai

{"title":"Mycobacterium kansasii chronic olecranon bursitis: A rare case report and literature review","authors":"Siddartha Guru , Jyoti Saroya , Navami Guru , Poonam Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are a rare cause of olecranon bursitis. We present a case of a 65-year-old man with history of chronic olecranon bursitis status post bursectomy two years prior, presented with two weeks of right elbow swelling but no pain or redness. On exam, bursa was enlarged with mild warmth present but no concern for elbow joint involvement. The bursa was aspirated, fluid analysis revealed leukocytosis with monosodium urate crystals consistent with gout. Ten days later, the mycobacterial cultures grew <em>Mycobacterium kansasii</em>. Two weeks later, on repeat aspiration of right elbow bursa, fluid cultures grew <em>M. kansasii</em>. He was treated with rifampin, ethambutol and azithromycin. After two months on triple therapy his symptoms resolved. For source control he underwent bursectomy. Histopathology revealed necrotizing granulomas and bursa culture grew <em>M. kansasii</em>. After six months on triple therapy, patient developed ethambutol induced optic neuropathy, thus ethambutol was stopped. Rifampin and azithromycin were continued for total duration of eight months of antibiotic therapy post bursectomy. At six months follow up, patient had no symptoms but vision deficits had not improved from cessation of ethambutol. We did a literature review and compiled the previously three reported cases of <em>M. kansasii</em> olecranon bursitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e02326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Esophageal tuberculosis presenting as progressive dysphagia in a 30-year-old female from rural Gondar, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚贡达尔农村1例30岁女性食道结核表现为进行性吞咽困难

IF 1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02345

Segenet Bizuneh Mengistu , Alula Abebe Kirub , Chalew Mengesha Abebe , Samuel Addisu Abera

引用次数: 0

Prolonged acyclovir therapy for Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1–associated hepatitis in an immunocompetent man 延长阿昔洛韦治疗单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)-1相关肝炎的免疫功能正常的人

IF 1.1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02293

Oulfa Boussetta-Charfi , François Duprey , Rémi Balluet , Marie-France Lutz , Sylvie Gonzalo , Anne-Camille Faure , Annie Evers , Sara Chenafi-Adham , Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers , Guillaume Dupont , Thomas Bourlet , David Boutolleau , Sylvie Pillet

{"title":"Prolonged acyclovir therapy for Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1–associated hepatitis in an immunocompetent man","authors":"Oulfa Boussetta-Charfi , François Duprey , Rémi Balluet , Marie-France Lutz , Sylvie Gonzalo , Anne-Camille Faure , Annie Evers , Sara Chenafi-Adham , Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers , Guillaume Dupont , Thomas Bourlet , David Boutolleau , Sylvie Pillet","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-associated hepatitis (HH) has rarely been reported in immunocompetent patients. In the absence of mucocutaneous lesions and because of nonspecific biological features such as hepatic cytolysis, its diagnosis can be missed, leading to delayed acyclovir initiation and potentially poor outcomes. We report a case of a 62-year-old immunocompetent man who developed severe HH following a primary HSV-1 infection, diagnosed by a very high plasma HSV-1 DNA load. His condition was complicated by macrophage activation syndrome, which was managed using chemotherapy and corticosteroids. Acyclovir therapy (10 mg/kg every 8 ,h) was extended to Day 74 to a persistently detectable plasma HSV-1 DNA load, despite the normalisation of liver function tests. However, the optimal duration of antiviral therapy for HH remains unclear, as prolonged treatment may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, whereas premature discontinuation may lead to fatal outcomes. Overall, this case illustrates that discontinuation of acyclovir did not result in a rebound of HSV-1 viraemia despite the persistent detection of low viral DNA load. Clinical and biological resolution of hepatitis may be helpful in guiding the decision to discontinue antiviral therapy. This case highlights the importance of early molecular diagnosis in atypical presentations of HH and contributes to guiding management strategies, particularly regarding antiviral treatment duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article e02293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

H1N1-associated acute leukoencephalopathy: An unusual presentation in a young adult indian male 甲型h1n1流感相关的急性脑白质病：一个不寻常的表现在年轻的成年印度男性

IF 1.1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02312

Sharvari Joshi , Aparna Pai , Muralidhar Varma

引用次数: 0

Tuberculosis of seminal vesicles: a rare case report 精囊结核一例罕见报告

IF 1.1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02288

Hicham El Boté , Abdelmounim BOUGHALEB

引用次数: 0

A case of brucellosis with perinephritis presented as abdominal and low back pain in China 布鲁氏菌病合并肾炎1例，表现为腹部和下背部疼痛

IF 1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02372

Hang Li , Xiang Gao , Zi-yang Li , Xia Xu , Jian-ping Chen

{"title":"A case of brucellosis with perinephritis presented as abdominal and low back pain in China","authors":"Hang Li , Xiang Gao , Zi-yang Li , Xia Xu , Jian-ping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human brucellosis, a zoonotic infection, typically manifests as fever, fatigue, anorexia, and osteoarticular pain. We report a rare case of brucellosis complicated by perinephritis, presenting with abdominal and low back pain.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 74-year-old male presented with fever, abdominal and low back pain. Initial lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated L4–5 disc herniation with foraminal and spinal canal stenosis, while abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed perinephric inflammation without structural abnormalities. Upon developing intermittent fever (38 °C), epidemiological history uncovered chronic consumption of uninspected sheep meat. Brucellosis with perinephritis was confirmed via supportive <em>Brucella</em> agglutination test and blood culture.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Perinephritis is an uncommon complication of brucellosis, and atypical abdominal pain warrants consideration of zoonotic exposure. Serological testing (agglutination test) and blood culture remain critical for timely diagnosis in high-risk patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e02372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical use of AI in infectious diagnostic decision and therapeutic stewardship 人工智能在传染病诊断决策和治疗管理中的伦理应用

IF 1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02356

Prasan Kumar Panda, Sukanya Ghosh

{"title":"Ethical use of AI in infectious diagnostic decision and therapeutic stewardship","authors":"Prasan Kumar Panda, Sukanya Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping healthcare, offering transformative potential in infectious diagnostics and antimicrobial stewardship through enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and predictive capabilities. However, its integration into clinical practice raises significant ethical challenges. These include transparency of decision-making, protection of patient privacy, algorithmic fairness, accountability, and the preservation of human oversight. Global and national bodies have developed guidance to address these concerns: the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes autonomy, inclusiveness, and equity; the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates adaptive AI as medical devices; the European Union AI Act classifies medical AI as “high-risk”; and the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) highlights accountability, data security, and cultural sensitivity. Drawing on these frameworks, this perspective discusses the ethical imperatives of deploying AI responsibly in infectious diagnostic and therapeutic stewardship. Best practices are outlined to ensure that innovation enhances patient trust, safety, and equity while mitigating risks of misuse or bias.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e02356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nasopharyngeal swab for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection complicated by severe pneumococcal meningitis 鼻咽拭子诊断SARS-CoV-2 （COVID-19）感染合并严重肺炎球菌脑膜炎

IF 1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02381

Comlan Affo , Jeanne Tisseau des Escotais , Antoine Bosquet , Isabelle Mahé

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal swab for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection complicated by severe pneumococcal meningitis","authors":"Comlan Affo , Jeanne Tisseau des Escotais , Antoine Bosquet , Isabelle Mahé","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nasopharyngeal swab is the reference test for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other respiratory pathogens. Although this procedure appears to be risk free and was performed thousands of times daily during peaks of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as during influenza and bronchiolitis outbreaks, it can be associated with minor to serious risks. These range from simple epistaxis to breaches of the meninges and skull stalks. Some breaches occur in the presence of anomalies such as congenital, traumatic or surgical encephaloceles. Neuro-meningeal breaches can be complicated by bacterial infections. We report the case of a 57-year-old woman diagnosed with <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> meningitis following a nasopharyngeal swab for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testing. She had been experiencing cerebrospinal fluid leakage for 1 year after a nasopharyngeal swab performed on an unidentified encephalocele. Antibiotic treatment followed by surgical repair of the encephalocele led to full recovery. Although nasopharyngeal swab tests seem simple, clear instructions are essential for both sample collectors and patients, and any complication, even minor, must be carefully considered. Bacterial meningitis is a serious disease that can cause death or irreversible neurological sequelae. The presence of clear fluid flow after a nasopharyngeal swab should prompt investigation for a meningeal breach. Detecting such a breach may reveal a pre-existing or newly formed malformation, allowing for specialized care to prevent severe complications such as meningitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article e02381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An unusual case of varicella zoster encephalitis mimicking a glioblastoma on magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy 一个不寻常的水痘带状疱疹脑炎模拟胶质母细胞瘤的磁共振成像和磁共振波谱。

IF 1.1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02124

Brenden Nago , Jeffrey E. Liu

引用次数: 0

A rare case of Gardnerella vaginalis spondylodiscitis 罕见的阴道加德纳菌性脊柱炎1例。

IF 1.1

IDCases Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02126

Alex Belote, Kassem Hammoud

{"title":"A rare case of Gardnerella vaginalis spondylodiscitis","authors":"Alex Belote, Kassem Hammoud","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 55-year-old-male with a chronic left uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction managed with intermittent stent exchanges presented with low midline back pain. CT Abdomen/Pelvis revealed spondylodiscitis at L4-L5, further demonstrated on MRI Lumbar spine. Imaging also revealed the left nephro-ureteral stent was mispositioned, with some mild wall thickening of the left ureter. He was not systemically ill, and antimicrobials were held. He underwent a L4/5 disc biopsy, and pathology revealed acute discitis. Blood and biopsy cultures remained negative through hospital day 5. He then underwent repeat L4/5 disc biopsy. Cultures of repeat biopsy resulted in <em>Gardnerella vaginalis</em>. IV antimicrobials were stopped, and oral Metronidazole was started. He completed 10 weeks of Metronidazole therapy, with significant clinical improvement.</div><div><em>G. vaginalis</em> is a rare cause of bone and joint infections. It is difficult to culture and is less virulent than common bacteria associated with native vertebral osteomyelitis. There have been few case reports of <em>G. vaginalis</em> osteomyelitis or prosthetic joint infection, especially in males. <em>G. vaginalis</em> can rarely colonize the urethra in men and has been known to form biofilm on foreign material in the female genitourinary system. We suspect our patient had developed colonization of his ureteral stent, predisposing him to osteomyelitis. Were repeat biopsy not pursued in this case, our patient likely could have developed empiric treatment failure. Holding antibiotics after initial biopsy proved highly beneficial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e02126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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