IDCasesPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02268
Yongdeok Shin, Seth Conley, Awol Ali, Andrew Mangano
{"title":"Pneumococcal sternoclavicular septic arthritis: A rare manifestation of invasive pneumococcal disease","authors":"Yongdeok Shin, Seth Conley, Awol Ali, Andrew Mangano","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint comprises less than 1 % of all septic arthritis cases. While <em><strong>Streptococcus</strong></em> species are common causative organisms, <em><strong>Streptococcus pneumoniae</strong></em> rarely causes this infection. We present a case of pneumococcal sternoclavicular septic arthritis in a 58-year-old male with a history of alcohol use disorder and no prior pneumococcal vaccination. Despite the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines, unvaccinated individuals remain at risk, especially those with comorbidities. This case highlights the need for vaccination and early intervention in high-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e02268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IDCasesPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02123
Hao Wang , Hongna Yang
{"title":"A case of acute community-acquired pneumonia caused by Tropheryma whipplei in pregnant woman without predisposing medical conditions","authors":"Hao Wang , Hongna Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Tropheryma whipplei</em> (<em>T. whipplei</em>) is extensively known as the etiological bacterium of Whipple’s disease (WD). Here, we reported a case of community-acquired pneumonia caused by <em>T. whipplei</em> in a young pregnant woman without predisposing medical conditions. This case indicated that <em>T. whipplei</em> might be also transmitted via respiratory droplet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e02123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11683261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The cruciality of increasing index of suspicion for atypical Bartonella henselae in pediatric patients: A case series","authors":"Victoria Vazquez , Lorraine Bermudez-Rivera , Arino Neto , Vanessa Perez , Adriana Cadilla , Linette Sande","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bartonella henselae</em>, a gram-negative rod, is the etiologic agent of cat scratch disease, which may manifest as a self-limiting local infection or as an atypical, invasive disease. Establishing <em>B. henselae</em> as the causative organism can be challenging as it is a fastidious organism that does not grow on traditional media. Diagnosis is generally performed with serology, which has variable turnaround times, or microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) sequencing, which has a high cost. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is necessary for timely diagnosis and management of these invasive infections. We depict a case series of nine atypical Bartonella infections in children. By highlighting these presentations, their diagnostic testing, and treatment, we emphasize the significance of an elevated index of suspicion of atypical bartonellosis for accurate diagnosis and timely antibiotic management. Our invasive Bartonella cases entail culture-negative subacute endocarditis, osteomyelitis, neuroretinitis, encephalitis, hepatosplenic disease, and lymphadenopathy with splenic involvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e02192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IDCasesPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02233
Divya Chandramohan , Samantha Aguilar , Gerard Gawrys , Nathan P. Wiederhold , Kristi Traugott , Thomas F. Patterson
{"title":"A case of recurrent Candida glabrata fungemia and successful treatment with rezafungin","authors":"Divya Chandramohan , Samantha Aguilar , Gerard Gawrys , Nathan P. Wiederhold , Kristi Traugott , Thomas F. Patterson","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antifungal resistance in <em>Candida glabrata</em> can develop to different classes of drugs, including the azoles and echinocandins. This organism is known to cause infective endocarditis with a particular predilection for prosthetic valves. Herein we present a case of recurrent fungemia with <em>C. glabrata</em> in a middle-aged woman with Tetralogy of Fallot who had a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit, and a transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement in the past. Her isolate showed increasing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to various antifungals with higher MICs to azoles, including resistance to fluconazole, resulting in limited treatment options. She had affliction of her prosthetic pulmonic valve with <em>C. glabrata</em> and was treated with the second-generation echinocandin, rezafungin, for six months. This case illustrates the tolerability profile of long-term treatment with rezafungin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e02233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two patients with endometriosis require peripregnancy surgical treatment for pelvic abscesses after egg collection and embryo transfer","authors":"Tatsunori Shiraishi , Masafumi Toyoshima , Masao Ichikawa , Shigeo Akira","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assisted reproductive technology procedures infrequently cause pelvic abscesses, but the risk is higher in patients with endometriosis. If antibiotic treatment of a pelvic abscess is unsuccessful, surgery is required—even during pregnancy. We report two patients with endometriosis who suffered from pelvic abscesses formed after egg collection and embryo transfer. Patient 1 underwent laparoscopic resection of the left adnexa and right ovarian cystectomy after diagnosis of the implantation failure. Surgical findings showed severe adhesions in the pelvis due to endometriosis. Patient 2 underwent open drainage surgery at 11 weeks of pregnancy due to pan-peritonitis caused by a pelvic abscess. The patient delivered at 36 weeks of gestation. We conclude that egg collection and embryo transfer in patients with endometriosis confers a high risk for pelvic infection. An accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, including surgery, are mandatory in case of severe pelvic abscesses during pregnancy to save both mother and fetus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e02184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IDCasesPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02185
Cameron G. Gmehlin , Nicholas P. Bergeron , Vaishnavi Ramesh , Haris Akhtar , Zelalem Temesgen
{"title":"Blasto-ing through the chest wall: Empyema necessitans due to pulmonary blastomycosis","authors":"Cameron G. Gmehlin , Nicholas P. Bergeron , Vaishnavi Ramesh , Haris Akhtar , Zelalem Temesgen","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Empyema necessitans is a rare complication of empyema and often associated with chronic, untreated infections. Here we report a case of a 28-year-old male who presented with cough, fever, pleuritic chest pain, and left chest wall mass who was found to have empyema necessitans caused by <em>Blastomycosis dermatiditis</em>. He was neither immunocompromised nor had exposures to soil or freshwater sources. Empyema necessitans caused by Blastomyces is rare, with only three other case reports published in the literature. We write to raise awareness of this phenomenon and highlight the importance of maintaining strong clinical suspicion for fungal etiologies of chronic constitutional and pulmonary symptoms, especially when unresponsive to empiric antibiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e02185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IDCasesPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02145
Nicholas P. Bergeron , Cameron G. Gmehlin , Haris Akhtar , Kemar O. Barrett , Sara S. Inglis , Lawrence J. Sinak , Charanjit S. Rihal , Daniel C. DeSimone
{"title":"Intracellular but not undetectable: A case of Francisella tularensis pericarditis","authors":"Nicholas P. Bergeron , Cameron G. Gmehlin , Haris Akhtar , Kemar O. Barrett , Sara S. Inglis , Lawrence J. Sinak , Charanjit S. Rihal , Daniel C. DeSimone","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Francisella tularensis</em> is a facultatively intracellular, gram-negative bacillus and a rare cause of infection in the United States. We report a case of a 45-year-old male who presented with ongoing fever, shortness of breath, and was found to have a pericardial effusion and pulmonic infiltrates due to <em>F. tularensis</em>. Though tularemia is classically associated with rabbits and rodents, we note the patient in our case had no clear infectious exposure. Tularemia pericarditis is extremely rare, and this will be only the second report since 1957. We highlight the possible benefits of microbial cell-free DNA next generation sequencing when infection is suspected without obvious cause to reduce the morbidity and mortality from underlying infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article e02145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11759641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IDCasesPub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02261
Linling Wang, Liangfen Wang, Man Liu, Yaqing Ou, Liang Yang, Rong Chen
{"title":"Drug analysis of a fatal case of bloodstream infection combined with urinary tract infection due to echinocandin-resistant Candida glabrata","authors":"Linling Wang, Liangfen Wang, Man Liu, Yaqing Ou, Liang Yang, Rong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When a urinary tract infection (UTI) progresses to a bloodstream infection (BSI), the choice of therapeutic drugs should consider their effectiveness against both BSI and UTI. <em>C. glabrata</em> exhibits strong resistance to antifungal drugs, making the treatment of BSI combined with UTI caused by this pathogen challenging. We report a fatal case of BSI combined with UTI caused by echinocandin-resistant <em>C. glabrata</em> in a 68-year-old female patient. The patient was treated with fluconazole, caspofungin, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and 5-flucytosine throughout the treatment process, but the infection was not controlled in the end. We analyzed the shortcomings in the medication process to provide some references for physicians in clinical treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e02261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nail the diagnosis: Lamivudine-induced periungual pyogenic granulomas in PLHIV","authors":"Karthick Kumar Vaitheeswaran , Neeraj Nischal , Neetu Bhari , Sudheer Kumar Arava , Naveet Wig","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pyogenic granuloma (PG), also known as lobular capillary haemangioma, is a benign vascular proliferation that typically presents as friable, red, pedunculated papules on the skin or mucous membranes. Multiple periungual pyogenic granulomas, a unique entity within cutaneous pyogenic granulomas, most frequently occur in association with medications, including antiretroviral drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical case</h3><div>A 30-year-old male living with HIV presented with painful, progressively enlarging ulcero-proliferative lesions on the fingertips and toes, occurring 12 months after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) comprising Tenofovir disoproxil (300 mg), Lamivudine (300 mg), and Dolutegravir (50 mg). Examination revealed haemorrhagic, friable granulation tissue over the nail folds and paronychial areas of multiple digits. Systemic examination was unremarkable. Differential diagnoses included drug-induced PG, bacillary angiomatosis, Kaposi sarcoma, and cutaneous angiosarcoma. A biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PG. Bartonella serology and tissue polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were negative, ruling out bacillary angiomatosis. Histopathology showed no features suggestive of Kaposi sarcoma or angiosarcoma. Among ART agents, lamivudine and indinavir have been most frequently associated with periungual PGs. The patient showed minimal improvement with topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, and debridement. Lamivudine was subsequently discontinued and ART was modified, leading to near-complete resolution of lesions over six months—supporting a diagnosis of lamivudine-induced periungual PG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Periungual pyogenic granulomas can lead to significant discomfort and functional impairment. This case highlights the potential role of lamivudine as a causative agent and underscores the importance of ART modification in the effective management of drug-induced PG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e02270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of Echinococcus multilocularis in pregnancy: A case report","authors":"Zoe Fanning , Maryam Mahmood , Omar Abu Saleh , Isin Yagmur Comba","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alveolar echinococcus (AE) is a zoonosis caused by the <em>Echinococcus multilocularis</em> parasitic tapeworm, associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Management of AE in pregnant people presents many challenges including the risk of disease progression due to the immunologic changes in pregnancy and potential teratogenicity of antihelminthic drugs. Currently, there is limited guidance on the perinatal management of AE. Therefore, we present a case of AE in a pregnant person highlighting some of the challenges around antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum care with this serious infection.</div></div><div><h3>Case</h3><div>A 20-year-old female became pregnant ten months after the initial diagnosis of AE with peritoneal dissemination. After discussion of risks and benefits of continuing with the pregnancy, the decision was made to closely monitor the patient with monthly liver ultrasound exams. Due to potential risk for teratogenicity, she was advised to hold albendazole treatment during first trimester with the understanding that she would restart if lesions formed or enlarged. The patient chose to continue abstaining from albendazole for the entire pregnancy. During the albendazole-free period, no new cystic growths or enlargement of existing cysts were observed in close follow-up. She had an uncomplicated delivery at 39.5 weeks via Cesarean section. Albendazole was restarted following delivery, and due to concerns about infant albendazole exposure, formula feeding was preferred over breastfeeding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AE poses many management challenges in pregnant people. Effectively managing these challenges requires in-depth discussion about potential risks of withholding or continuing treatment, a shared decision-making approach, and close disease monitoring throughout the pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e02256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}