Applied Microscopy最新文献

Improved conductive carbon nanotube tape using natural cellulose fibrils for array tomography. 利用天然纤维素纤维改进的导电碳纳米管带用于阵列断层扫描。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-05-09 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00134-w

Minkyo Jung, Hyosun Choi, Chang Kee Lee, Ji Young Mun

{"title":"Improved conductive carbon nanotube tape using natural cellulose fibrils for array tomography.","authors":"Minkyo Jung, Hyosun Choi, Chang Kee Lee, Ji Young Mun","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00134-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42649-026-00134-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Array tomography using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enables large-volume, nanometer-scale reconstruction of neural circuits and allows nanometer resolution of synaptic vesicles and other ultrastructural features. For stable serial imaging, Kapton tape, carbon nanotube (CNT) tape mounted on silicon wafers, and indium tin oxide (ITO) glass have commonly been used. However, each tape shows practical limitations: CNT tape is not consistently available, whereas Kapton tape often requires additional glow discharge or carbon coating steps to reduce charging artifacts and improve imaging stability.Here, we report the development of a lab-made tape using a cellulose/CNT/AgNW composite tape designed for SEM-based array tomography. By integrating intrinsically hydrophilic natural cellulose fibrils with conductive carbon or silver nanotubes, the newly developed tape provides sufficient surface hydrophilicity and conductivity without additional glow discharge or carbon coating treatment. This simplifies workflow while maintaining stable imaging conditions. Notably, the cellulose fibrils containing tape demonstrated reduced charging artifacts, improved section adhesion, and stable high-resolution imaging suitable for nanometer level analysis. Our results establish cellulose-based conductive tape as a practical advancement for array tomography, enhancing reliability and reproducibility in large-scale SEM imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-situ TEM observation of stacking-fault intersection–controlled partial dislocation dynamics in high-Mn austenitic steel 高锰奥氏体钢堆积-断层相交控制局部位错动力学的原位透射电镜观察

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00135-9

Sung-Dae Kim

{"title":"In-situ TEM observation of stacking-fault intersection–controlled partial dislocation dynamics in high-Mn austenitic steel","authors":"Sung-Dae Kim","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00135-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00135-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The deformation behavior of a high-Mn austenitic steel was investigated using in-situ straining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with emphasis on the dynamic interaction between stacking faults and partial dislocations during plastic deformation. Owing to the low stacking-fault energy of the alloy, plastic deformation is primarily governed by Shockley partial dislocations, leading to extensive stacking-fault formation on multiple {111} planes. As deformation proceeds, stacking faults generated on different slip variants frequently intersect within grain interiors. Real-time observations reveal that these intersections act as strong deformation-induced barriers that impede partial dislocation motion, resulting in dislocation pile-up and localized strain concentration. Such interactions are considered to contribute significantly to strain hardening in low stacking-fault energy austenitic alloys. Despite their strong blocking effect, stacking-fault intersections are not strictly impenetrable. Under conditions of significant dislocation accumulation, the separation distance between leading and trailing partial dislocations can locally decrease, allowing temporary recombination into a perfect dislocation segment. The recombined dislocation adopts screw character, enabling cross-slip onto a secondary {111} slip plane, followed by re-dissociation into Shockley partial dislocations.These findings demonstrate that stacking-fault intersections function as dynamic microstructural features that both impede and mediate dislocation motion. The present in-situ TEM observations provide direct mechanistic insight into stacking-fault intersection-controlled dislocation dynamics and their role in strain hardening and local plastic accommodation in low stacking-fault energy austenitic steels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42649-026-00135-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigation of artifacts in imaging biosamples with optical scanning transmission electron microscopy 光学扫描透射电子显微镜成像生物样品中伪影的缓解

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-04-21 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00132-y

Arent J. Kievits, B. H. Peter Duinkerken, Ryan Lane, Ben N. G. Giepmans, Jacob P. Hoogenboom

{"title":"Mitigation of artifacts in imaging biosamples with optical scanning transmission electron microscopy","authors":"Arent J. Kievits, B. H. Peter Duinkerken, Ryan Lane, Ben N. G. Giepmans, Jacob P. Hoogenboom","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00132-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00132-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electron microscopy (EM) allows ultrastructural analysis of biological tissues and cells, but images frequently contain artifacts because biological samples have to undergo rigorous preparation to be resistant to vacuum conditions and electron beam exposure. Knowledge about the appearance of image artifacts and how they arise is crucial for their recognition and mitigation and for proper image interpretation. How artifacts appear depends strongly on the electron detection modality and the imaging conditions. Optical scanning transmission EM (OSTEM) is a detection technique compatible with single-beam and multibeam electron microscopes, in which tissue samples are directly deposited on a scintillator for imaging in transmission mode. Here, we identified several types of artifacts that may occur in single-beam and multibeam OSTEM. These artifacts arise or appear as a result of combining established sample preparation protocols with solid scintillator substrates and optical transmission detection. Artifacts can be effectively mitigated or minimized to ultimately enable high quality large-scale 2D and 3D acquisitions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42649-026-00132-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryo-FIB–enabled 3D imaging of biological specimens 冷冻fib -启用生物标本的三维成像。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00131-z

Seonhye Son, Sujin Lee, Jihyun Kim, Chihong Song

{"title":"Cryo-FIB–enabled 3D imaging of biological specimens","authors":"Seonhye Son, Sujin Lee, Jihyun Kim, Chihong Song","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00131-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00131-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has become a key technique for observing the three-dimensional structures of biomolecular complexes and organelles in cellular and tissue environments in situ. However, for thicker specimens that cannot be directly imaged at an electron-transparent thickness, the practical success of cryo-ET depends largely on workflow design that reproducibly yields high-quality, target-containing lamellae. Cryo-FIB-SEM is the de facto standard platform for precisely machining frozen specimens to an electron-transparent thickness, and it integrates the overall process into a single system, encompassing targeting via cryo-CLEM, the management of major failure modes such as contamination, charging, curtaining, and downstream steps for data reconstruction and interpretation. This review summarizes a cryo-FIB-SEM–centered cryo-ET workflow from the perspectives of specimen preparation, targeting, milling, acquisition, reconstruction, and interpretation. In addition, we discuss extended preparation and imaging strategies for thicker specimens, including high-pressure freezing (HPF), the waffle method, cryo-FIB-SEM slice-and-view imaging, and Serial Lift-Out, highlighting both their expanding capabilities and the operational challenges that remain for robust and scalable implementation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13086988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cationic lipid-based nanoparticles for therapeutic delivery in cancer treatment: physicochemical characteristics, therapeutic cargos, and clinical potential 用于癌症治疗的阳离子脂基纳米颗粒：物理化学特性、治疗货物和临床潜力。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00130-0

Chun-Sik Bae, Taeho Ahn

{"title":"Cationic lipid-based nanoparticles for therapeutic delivery in cancer treatment: physicochemical characteristics, therapeutic cargos, and clinical potential","authors":"Chun-Sik Bae, Taeho Ahn","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00130-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00130-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over the past few decades, numerous biological therapeutics, such as RNAs and polypeptides, have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional chemotherapy. While their molecular mechanisms of action are well-understood, their clinical application remains hindered by several critical barriers, including inherent intracellular instability, the need for precise target-site delivery, poor cellular uptake, and immune system clearance. To overcome these challenges, the development of selective delivery systems has been raised as an indispensable strategy. Among various drug carriers, cationic lipid-based platforms have garnered significant attention and are increasingly exploited in oncology. This review summarizes the physicochemical characteristics of cationic lipid-based nanoparticles and evaluates various therapeutic cargos based on their biological properties. Furthermore, we explore the current research applications and clinical potential of these nanoparticles in cancer treatment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42649-026-00130-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atomic structure of β″ precipitates in high-Si containing Al–Si–Mg alloy 高硅Al-Si-Mg合金中β″析出相的原子结构。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-03-21 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00128-8

Saif Haider Kayani, Sang-Ik Lee, Yoon-Ho Lee, Jung-Moo Lee, Kwangjun Euh, Young-Hee Cho

{"title":"Atomic structure of β″ precipitates in high-Si containing Al–Si–Mg alloy","authors":"Saif Haider Kayani, Sang-Ik Lee, Yoon-Ho Lee, Jung-Moo Lee, Kwangjun Euh, Young-Hee Cho","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00128-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00128-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The strength of precipitation-hardened Al–Si–Mg alloys primarily derives from the nanoscale coherent β″ precipitates, which are the dominant contributors to strengthening under peak-aged conditions. Observing these nanoscale precipitates via TEM is particularly challenging due to their strict orientation relationship with the matrix and the subtle atomic number differences between Al, Si, and Mg. In this study, we investigate the precipitation behavior of a high-Si Al–Si–Mg alloy through a comprehensive and systematic microstructural analysis. We demonstrate that the key strengthening mechanism in the peak-aged alloy is the high number density of nanoscale β″ precipitates. The atomic structure of the β″ phase is revealed using HR-TEM, HAADF, and LAADF imaging along the < 010 > Al zone axis. HR-TEM provides clear reflections in the FFT, facilitating effective observation and identification of the β″ phase. Additionally, LAADF imaging proves particularly useful in resolving the atomic structure of the β″ phase. These precipitates display an eye-like morphology, with four Mg and Si atoms arranged in a rim and a central Mg/Al atom, forming a long-range ordered structure. This detailed characterization offers valuable insights into the contribution of β″ precipitates to the alloy’s age-hardening behavior.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viability classification of unstained cells in microscopic images using deep learning 利用深度学习对显微镜图像中未染色细胞进行活力分类。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00127-9

Tomoaki Kyoden, Shunsuke Akiguchi, Ryo Murakami, Tsugunobu Andoh, Noboru Yamada

{"title":"Viability classification of unstained cells in microscopic images using deep learning","authors":"Tomoaki Kyoden, Shunsuke Akiguchi, Ryo Murakami, Tsugunobu Andoh, Noboru Yamada","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00127-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00127-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In research on cells conducted in vitro, cell viability is determined using staining techniques. However, interference with subsequent observation of live cell growth limits their applicability for real-time or continuous investigation. To address this limitation, we developed a deep learning–based algorithm capable of classifying live and dead cancer cells from microscopic images without staining. In this study, microscopic images were first captured prior to staining, and then the same regions were imaged again after staining to obtain live, dead, and other cell labels using a conventional staining method. The stained images served as ground truth data for supervised training with the corresponding pre-staining images. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 0.931 after 99 training epochs in distinguishing live and dead cells from unstained images. This framework accurately differentiated live and dead cells directly from pre-staining images, demonstrating performance comparable to conventional stained-image analysis. Moreover, the approach enabled estimation of spatial boundaries between live and dead cell populations. These results demonstrate the potential of this approach as a non-invasive technique for assessing cell viability in in vitro studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13003076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Etching methods for revealing nanoscale precipitates and carbides in Ni-based superalloys 镍基高温合金中纳米级析出物和碳化物的蚀刻方法。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-03-10 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00125-x

Seung Gyu Hong, Cho Hyeon Lee, Seong Hyeon Yang, Minyu Kang, Dawon Kang, Hyeong Jin Park, Dae Won Yun, Nokeun Park, Hyun-Uk Hong, Jae Bok Seol

{"title":"Etching methods for revealing nanoscale precipitates and carbides in Ni-based superalloys","authors":"Seung Gyu Hong, Cho Hyeon Lee, Seong Hyeon Yang, Minyu Kang, Dawon Kang, Hyeong Jin Park, Dae Won Yun, Nokeun Park, Hyun-Uk Hong, Jae Bok Seol","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00125-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00125-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gamma prime (γ′) precipitates and grain boundary (GB) carbides govern the high-temperature performance of Ni-based superalloys, and their reliable quantification is essential for microstructural evaluation and alloy development. However, conventional etching procedures are often transferred between alloys without considering composition-dependent changes in γ′ size and fraction or carbide population, which can cause unstable contrast, γ-matrix damage, and unreliable image-based interpretation. Here, we establish composition-tailored etching conditions for Haynes<sup>®</sup> 282 (γ′ ~23 nm) and two model alloys with modified Al–Ti and Nb–Ta contents, and evaluate their suitability for phase-selective Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. After identical mechanical preparation, γ′ precipitates in Haynes<sup>®</sup> 282 and Model alloy 1 are clearly revealed using a nitric-acid etchant, whereas the same condition fails in Model alloy 2 with reduced Al and Ti, where much finer γ′ precipitates form. An HF-containing mixed-acid etchant is introduced to obtain stable γ′ contrast in Model alloy 2 without excessive surface relief. GB carbides also show composition-dependent responses. In Haynes<sup>®</sup> 282, Cr-rich M₂₃C₆-decorated boundaries are revealed by nitric acid, whereas Nb/Ta-containing model alloys require chloride-based etchants to expose both MC and M₂₃C₆ carbides. These protocols provide reproducible, phase-selective SEM contrast for robust image-based quantification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12972448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fractography of white charcoal reveals past fungal infection and embolism in the secondary xylem via SEM 白色木炭的断口形貌通过扫描电镜显示了次生木质部过去的真菌感染和栓塞

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00126-w

Chul Jong Yoon, Ki Woo Kim

{"title":"Fractography of white charcoal reveals past fungal infection and embolism in the secondary xylem via SEM","authors":"Chul Jong Yoon, Ki Woo Kim","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00126-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00126-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The internal structures of fractured white charcoal were investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The charcoal was fractured using a razor blade and hammer, gold-coated, and observed under the electron microscope. Both embolized and conductive vessels coexisted across the transverse surfaces of the fractured charcoal. Vessels were predominantly ellipsoidal, with an average diameter of approximately 250 μm. Embolized vessels exhibited membranous tyloses within their lumens. The presence of ring-porous wood, axial parenchyma cells, and xylem fibers within the secondary xylem implies that the white charcoal was produced from a <i>Quercus</i> species. Fungal hyphae were observed to proliferate, branch, and sporulate on the secondary cell walls of vessels. The conidiogenous cells and conidia closely resembled those of a fungal pathogen known to cause oak wilt disease in South Korea. Fungal hyphae were also found within the pits of the secondary cell walls. These observations suggest that the oak tree used for charcoal production in this study may have been diseased. These results indicate that wood structures are preserved through the white charcoal production process, allowing the observation of fungal structures within the host.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42649-026-00126-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in EBSD-based approaches for quantifying slip activity in deformed Mg alloys 基于ebsd的变形镁合金滑移活度定量方法研究进展。

Applied Microscopy Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-026-00124-y

Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq, Tea-Sung Jun

{"title":"Advances in EBSD-based approaches for quantifying slip activity in deformed Mg alloys","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq, Tea-Sung Jun","doi":"10.1186/s42649-026-00124-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42649-026-00124-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic deformation in Mg alloys requires a full understanding of slip activity and intergranular interactions, which determine mechanical behavior and strain localization. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has emerged as a versatile technique to map crystallographic orientations, slip systems, and lattice rotations, permitting the systematic analysis of deformation mechanisms across polycrystalline aggregates. The coupling of EBSD with metrics including Schmid factors, ingrain misorientation axes, and slip-transfer criteria permits a quantitative assessment of slip compatibility and the role of grain boundaries in strain accommodation. Limitations related to conventional 2D surface characterization create a growing need for novel three-dimensional techniques that can accurately represent grain boundary geometry as well as complex intergranular deformation pathways. A focused review of such methodologies will compile current knowledge on these methods and their capabilities and limitations, guiding future investigations toward a deeper understanding of microstructure-mechanics relationships in Mg alloys.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":470,"journal":{"name":"Applied Microscopy","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12894533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146163278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0