Applied Composite Materials最新文献

{"title":"A Review of Recent Trends in Machine Learning Applications for Manufacturing Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites","authors":"Qian Wang,&nbsp;Huanyu Liu,&nbsp;Caixia Jia,&nbsp;Zhixin Li","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10492-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10492-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites play a pivotal role in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and medical industries due to their exceptional specific strength and lightweight properties. However, traditional manufacturing optimization faces challenges such as inefficiency and high costs. Machine learning (ML), with its data-driven predictive capabilities, is emerging as a powerful tool in this field. This paper systematically reviews the latest applications of ML in the manufacturing processes of fiber-reinforced polymer composites, covering its role in critical thermoset manufacturing processes (e.g., autoclave curing, liquid composite molding, filament winding) and thermoplastic manufacturing processes (e.g., additive manufacturing, injection molding). The analysis indicates that, despite significant progress, the application of ML in composite manufacturing continues to face fundamental challenges, including the complexity of integrating ML models into real-time control loops, the scarcity of high-quality industrial datasets, and insufficient model generalization across different material systems. Therefore, future directions should focus on developing hybrid models with physics-informed fusion, establishing cross-industry benchmark datasets, and advancing edge computing solutions for adaptive manufacturing. By addressing information fragmentation and uncovering scenario-based insights, this review aims to guide the field toward a more systematic and highly reliable development path.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygrothermal Aging Behavior of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Double-Double Laminates","authors":"Xiaoqiang Wang,&nbsp;Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Xingling Chen,&nbsp;Yuhan Chen,&nbsp;Tingdi Zhao,&nbsp;Xinhua Liu,&nbsp;Chengkun Ma,&nbsp;Shaowei Lu,&nbsp;Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Hakim Hushvaktov,&nbsp;Yuxiang Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10489-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10489-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The response mechanisms and performance evolution of a new Double-Double (DD) laminate configuration during hygrothermal aging remain unclear. This limits its application in high-humidity environments. Two configurations were designed for glass fiber-reinforced DD laminates: DD-A, which is equivalent in in-plane stiffness, and DD-D, which is equivalent in bending stiffness. Tests were conducted under accelerated water bath aging conditions at 80 °C. Moisture absorption, dynamic mechanical properties, and post-aging mechanical properties were characterized. The saturated moisture absorption rate of DD laminates differed little from that of Quad laminates, but the diffusion coefficient was lower. After saturation, the tensile strength retention of DD-A laminates was 18.5% higher than that of Quad laminates. In the three-point bending test, the strength retention of DD-D was over 13% higher than that of the Quad laminate. However, in the open-hole tensile test, the Quad performed better than both DD variants. These contrasting trends suggest that the uniform DD structure enhances resistance to hydrothermal under uniform loading but is more susceptible to damage when geometric discontinuities impair matrix-dominated load transfer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"​Machine Learning-Based Identification of Interfacial Shear Stress under High-Temperature Fatigue Using Multiple Hysteresis Loop Features​​","authors":"Xiao Han,&nbsp;Zikai Zhou,&nbsp;Zhikang Zheng,&nbsp;Chao You,&nbsp;Xihui Chen,&nbsp;Gao Xiguang,&nbsp;Yingdong Song","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10481-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10481-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ceramic matrix composites in aerospace thermal components endure high-temperature fatigue loading where interfacial degradation is critical. However, existing identification methods relying on single hysteresis loop features often lack reliability, as they fail to fully capture the complex interfacial damage state, leading to inconsistent results. This study proposes a machine learning approach integrating multiple hysteresis loop features. Theoretical sample points covering the experimental data range of multiple hysteresis features were generated based on the shear-lag model and Latin hypercube sampling. An optimized artificial neural network established the mapping between features and interfacial shear stress. By incorporating component parameters derived from tensile curves and experimental hysteresis loop data tested at 1400 °C into the data-driven model, the degradation law of the interfacial shear stress was identified. This enabled prediction of hysteresis features and fatigue life, with maximum prediction errors below 10% for all features. The method demonstrates superior accuracy over single-feature approaches, confirming its effectiveness for interfacial degradation assessment in high-temperature applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage Mechanism and Reusability Assessment of 2D C/SiC T-Joint Structure Under Typical Loading","authors":"Yujie Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Yang,&nbsp;Zhengyuan Shen,&nbsp;Songhe Meng,&nbsp;Zhengyou Guo,&nbsp;Weihua Xie","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10488-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10488-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The C/SiC composite T-joint is a typical hot structure of hypersonic vehicles, yet its behavior and reusability under repeated loading has not been fully understood. This study targets this typical structure by designing representative loading scenarios, integrating experimental tests and numerical simulations to achieve the analysis of structural mechanical response. The findings indicate that failure modes under monotonic loading exhibit pronounced directional dependence: horizontal tensile loading primarily causes dual rivet line rupture of the outer skin, while tensile loading in the perpendicular direction induces competing failure modes involving interfacial delamination and structural fracture. During cyclic loading (reused conditions), the damage accumulation dynamics were revealed: the maximum historical load defines the damage boundary, whereas the accumulation of irreversible strain linearly reflects stiffness degradation. Despite experiencing approximately 17.26% stiffness reduction, the structure’s residual stress release during cyclic loading results in a 10% increase in ultimate strength. These results showed that C/SiC structure can be reused and its damage can be reflected by the maximum strain. This paper lays foundations for structural reuse and health monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Damage Machining Characteristics of SiCf/SiC Composites in Ultrasonic-Assisted Grinding: Grinding Force, Surface Morphology and Grinding Wheel Wear","authors":"Xuezhi Wang,&nbsp;Hanying Wang,&nbsp;Ming Cong,&nbsp;Qijia Wang,&nbsp;Ning Hou,&nbsp;Shujuan Ma,&nbsp;Minghai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10490-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10490-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Continuous silicon carbide fiber-reinforced silicon carbide matrix composites (SiC_f/SiC) have become key for high-temperature components within advanced aero-engine hot sections due to exceptional hardness, superior oxidation resistance, outstanding thermal stability, and excellent corrosion resistance. However, due to its heterogeneous structure, this material results in processing-induced damage, including matrix cracking, edge chipping, fiber distortion, and fiber pull-out, concurrently leading to accelerated tool wear. To address the aforementioned issues, this study employed an electroplated diamond grinding wheel and combined it with ultrasonic-assisted grinding (UAG) technology. The influences of different process parameters on grinding force, surface integrity, and wheel wear were comparatively evaluated for UAG and conventional grinding (CG). The findings demonstrate that UAG markedly diminishes the grinding forces, improves surface integrity, and mitigates wheel wear. At a feed rate of 200 mm/min, a spindle speed of 4000 r/min, and a grinding depth of 0.1 mm, the normal force and tangential force under UAG were lowered by 31.97% and 11.89%, respectively. With ultrasonic parameters set at 19 kHz frequency and 4 μm amplitude, tangential and normal grinding force components decreased by 4.75% and 8.10%, respectively, relative to CG. Furthermore, UAG effectively suppressed surface defects such as fiber burrs and edge chipping. Analysis of grinding wheel wear further indicated that UAG has the potential to improve grinding wheel service performance by mitigating abrasive grain pull-out and reducing wheel loading. Based on the experimental results, the combination of UAG with an elevated spindle speed, a low feed rate, and shallow grinding depth can serve as an effective approach for achieving low-damage machining of SiC_f/SiC composites. Theoretical insights and practical guidelines are presented in this study for high-performance precision grinding of SiC_f/SiC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Thermal Conductivity in Polymer Blends with In-Plane Oriented Boron Nitride","authors":"Geeta Pokhrel,&nbsp;Gavin J. Anzaldi,&nbsp;Shanmukhi Sripada,&nbsp;Amy M. Marconnet,&nbsp;Chelsea S. Davis,&nbsp;John A. Howarter","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10478-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10478-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer nanocomposites for thermal management applications, such as flexible electronics, sensors, and stretchable devices, require enhanced thermal conductivity while maintaining mechanical flexibility. However, achieving a balance between thermal and mechanical properties remains a significant challenge, as improving one property often compromises the other. In this study, we design and fabricate elastic, compliant, and moldable polymer blend nanocomposites with enhanced thermal conductivity. The nanocomposite system comprises dynamically vulcanized rubbery polyisoprene (PI) as the continuous matrix and stiffer polystyrene (PS) as the dispersed phase, along with two-dimensional (2D) boron nitride (BN) as the thermally conductive filler. The PI matrix is selectively crosslinked, whereas the PS phase remains non-crosslinked, making the composites processable. BN is uniformly distributed in both polymer phases to facilitate effective thermal conduction. A hot-pressing step following extrusion aligns the 2D BN predominantly in the in-plane direction, inducing anisotropy in both thermal conductivity and elastic modulus. At a BN loading of 40 vol%, the in-plane thermal conductivity increases by approximately sevenfold and the cross-plane thermal conductivity by twofold compared to the unfilled PS/PI blend. Similarly, the in-plane elastic modulus is enhanced by approximately 10 times and the cross-plane modulus by about 2.5 times. The overall modulus remains below 8 MPa across all compositions, ensuring that the composites remain soft and compliant. We anticipate that the materials developed in this study can be modified for the next generation of thermally conductive yet mechanically flexible applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-026-10478-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148172658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Damage Mechanism of Ballistic Impact Performance of CFRP Braided Laminates Under Continuous Direct Current with Varied Current Intensities","authors":"Di Gai,&nbsp;Ximing Yang,&nbsp;Zhipeng Yao,&nbsp;Tongsu Wang,&nbsp;Lin Huo,&nbsp;Jianwei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10487-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10487-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The structural impact resistance reliability of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) under long-term current exposure is a critical issue in aircraft design. In this study, electro-thermal effect decoupling was realized through temperature field monitoring. Woven CFRP laminates were subjected to continuous direct current loading of 0 A, 2 A, 4 A and 6 A for 1 h, followed by ballistic impact tests using an air gun to acquire strain responses and macroscopic failure modes. The experimental results indicate that the ballistic impact resistance of the laminates gradually deteriorates with the increase of current intensity. Frequency-domain analysis reveals that the spectral energy of strain responses becomes more concentrated as the current rises, reflecting a continuous reduction in the structural energy dissipation capacity against impact. In the time domain, the strain variation slows down, structural oscillation intensifies, and the initial strain duration upon impact extends from 7.9 ms to 19.2 ms. Meanwhile, the failure modes become increasingly severe with the growth of current intensity. Combined with the continuous reduction in specimen resistance during electrification, the evolution of the above macroscopic mechanical responses implies that current loading induces changes in matrix properties, which are strongly correlated with the degradation of interlaminar impact load transfer capacity. This study provides macroscopic experimental references for the structural reliability evaluation of CFRP structures in electric physical fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aramid Fibre Composites for Ballistic Impact Protection: A Mechanistic Review of Recent Advances","authors":"Kamal Rana,&nbsp;Zubair Sajid,&nbsp;Abrar H. Baluch,&nbsp;Petr Špatenka","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10485-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10485-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lightweight and high-performance armour materials critically rely on aramid fibres to maximize protection, mobility, ease of processing and cost. This review synthesizes mainly the recent advancements across reinforcement architectures (UD, 2D woven, stitched, and 3D woven), hybrid concepts (with UHMWPE, glass, carbon, basalt, metals and ceramics), nano/coating modifications (CNTs, graphene derivatives, oxides), shear-thickening fluid treatments and influence of matrix on ballistic performance of aramid fibre composites. A mechanism-driven perspective is presented, establishing direct correlations between material modifications, energy absorption and damage mechanisms such as delamination, matrix crack deflection, fibre tensile rupture, cone formation and shear plugging. The corresponding mechanisms of all recent innovative enhancement strategies have been emphasized and interpreted to offer actionable insights for design optimization. Practical recommendations are proposed to enhance ballistic limit velocity and reduce back face signature for each strategy. This study proposes, multiscale hybridization at material and structural level to induce multiple damage mechanisms for enhancement of specific energy absorption to reduce armour mass. The novelty of this work is its exhaustive mechanistic synthesis, which not only summarizes the current state of the art but also establishes unified, mechanism-informed design strategies to guide the future generation of sustainable, low cost and lightweight ballistic protection systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10443-026-10485-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ballistic Impact on 3D Reinforced Woven Fabrics: A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Energy Absorption and Failure Mechanisms","authors":"Yunyu Li,&nbsp;Xuejia Shi,&nbsp;Qingsong Wei,&nbsp;Mingling Wang,&nbsp;Lvtao Zhu,&nbsp;Huapeng Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10486-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10486-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the ballistic response of a three-dimensional reinforced shallow bend-joint woven fabric (3DRSBWF) composed of Kevlar K49 aramid yarns through a combined experimental and high-fidelity mesoscale numerical simulation approach. A mesoscale finite element (FE) model was developed in LS-DYNA using 306,620 eight-node hexahedral elements, with yarn cross-sections represented as elongated octagons to reflect realistic packing geometry. The model was validated against ballistic impact experiments across a range of strike velocities (290–480 m/s), achieving a maximum residual velocity prediction error of 5.2% and a damage zone diameter agreement within 8.3% of experimentally measured values. The ballistic limit (V₅₀) was determined to be approximately 415 m/s. Quantitative energy partitioning analysis at a representative strike velocity of 363.46 m/s revealed that inter-yarn and yarn–projectile friction is the dominant energy dissipation mechanism, accounting for 45.3% of total absorbed energy. Among the yarn systems, weft yarns contributed 26.7%, warp yarns contributed 17.3%, and through-thickness Z-yarns contributed 10.7%. Although Z-yarns absorb minimal internal strain energy (0.3%), they serve a critical structural role by mechanically interlocking fabric layers, suppressing delamination, and sustaining the inter-yarn contact pressure that amplifies frictional dissipation. These findings demonstrate that the extensive interlacing architecture of 3D woven fabrics fundamentally transforms the energy absorption mechanism relative to conventional 2D laminates, offering a robust design pathway for next-generation lightweight ballistic protection systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148173276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Velocity Impact Response and Damage Mechanisms of Hybrid Skin-Grid Natural Fiber Composite Structures: Effect of Impact Position","authors":"Zhenyu Wu,&nbsp;Deshun Chen,&nbsp;Kehong Zheng,&nbsp;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10443-026-10483-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10443-026-10483-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a novel all-natural “skin-grid” hybrid architecture, utilizing flax fabric skins and a sisal orthogonal grid to significantly enhance the impact resistance of green composites. A combined experimental and numerical approach (Low-Velocity Impact, Quasi-Static Indentation, Micro-CT, and Macro-Scale FEA) was employed to elucidate the synergistic load-bearing mechanisms under a critical threshold energy of 25 J. The results demonstrate that, compared to a pure flax composite baseline, the integration of the grid architecture increased the peak impact load at the Intersection by 255.34% and absorbed an additional 16.94 J of energy. Among different impact locations, the Intersection position exhibited optimal performance, achieving a peak load 35.82% higher than the unsupported Center position. Mechanistically, while the Center suffered catastrophic perforation, the Intersection and Rib positions maintained structural integrity through a progressive “tension–debonding–relaxation” damage cycle (secondary hardening phenomenon) driven by the grid’s crack arrest and synergistic load redistribution effects. The FEA model accurately predicted the global dynamic responses and damage sequences. This study validates the skin-grid concept as a highly tailorable, eco-friendly alternative for lightweight, impact-resistant applications, offering substantial practical implications for the green transition in engineering materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":468,"journal":{"name":"Applied Composite Materials","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}