Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy最新文献

{"title":"Where are the men?: Investigating intersectional gender differences in postsecondary outcomes","authors":"Marisa C. Peczuh,&nbsp;Geoffrey Maruyama,&nbsp;Shelby Weisen,&nbsp;Tai Do,&nbsp;Andrew Zieffler","doi":"10.1111/asap.12451","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12451","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Women have been enrolling in and graduating from postsecondary institutions at higher rates than men for decades. The current study advances previous work by taking an intersectional approach to researching the relationships between gender, family income, and prior family postsecondary experiences. We conducted an archival, longitudinal study using institutional data of four successive entering first year cohorts of about 5000–5300 students each between 2011 and 2014 at a large Midwestern Research 1 University, following each cohort over 4 to 6 years. Specifically, we found that, for men, Pell eligibility and first-generation status had less positive enrollment, dropout, and graduation outcomes. Men had a higher probability of dropping out across years, while women had a higher probability of graduating across years (especially in years 4 and 5). These findings suggest challenges in meeting the essential mission for postsecondary institutions of ensuring that all students, especially those from underrepresented backgrounds, have the opportunities and support necessary to be successful.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in healthcare, STI testing, and PrEP access among newcomer sexual minority men in Canada's three largest urban centers","authors":"Paolo A. Palma,&nbsp;Shayna Skakoon-Sparling,&nbsp;Jessie Dawson,&nbsp;Reza Zandi,&nbsp;Terri Zhang,&nbsp;Evan Campbell,&nbsp;Darrell H. S. Tan,&nbsp;Nathan J. Lachowsky,&nbsp;Joseph Cox,&nbsp;Gilles Lambert,&nbsp;Milada Dvorakova,&nbsp;Allan Lal,&nbsp;Jody Jollimore,&nbsp;Daniel Grace,&nbsp;Trevor A. Hart","doi":"10.1111/asap.12448","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12448","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) are more likely to be diagnosed with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) compared with the general population. Although newcomers generally experience a health advantage in Canada compared with non-immigrants and more established immigrants (i.e., healthy immigrant effect), they also experience disparities in access to healthcare services. These disparities, in turn, may lead to unique vulnerabilities for the sexual health of GBM immigrants. We examined disparities in healthcare access, STI testing, and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among immigrant and non-immigrant GBM. Using baseline data (collected between February 2017 and August 2019) from a multisite cohort study of GBM in Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal (<i>n</i> = 2449), we found that newcomer GBM (migrated ≤ 5 years prior) were less likely to report having a primary healthcare provider than non-immigrants. This had a weak indirect effect in mediating both access to STI testing and the use of HIV PrEP. These disparities dissipated after controlling for migration precarity (e.g., refugees and those without permanent residency), suggesting that disparities in newcomer GBM healthcare access may, in part, be driven by the large number of newcomers with precarious migration statuses.</p><p><b>Public Significance Statement</b>: New immigrants tend to be less likely to have a primary healthcare provider or use other sexual health clinics, which can have adverse consequences for sexual health. This disparity appears to be largely concentrated among temporary foreign workers, international students, and refugees. Interventions should target policies that increase the number of primary healthcare providers, and address immigration policies that lead to fear of deportation due to one's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12448","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Families’ experiences of housing and housing supports within the context of parental incarceration","authors":"Kerrie Fanning,&nbsp;Margaret Kerr,&nbsp;Pajarita Charles,&nbsp;Julie Poehlmann","doi":"10.1111/asap.12444","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12444","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rates of parental incarceration and family homelessness continue to rise in the United States, and many families experience both of these risks concurrently. Both parental incarceration and homelessness independently relate to negative outcomes for children and families, with numerous studies documenting families’ experiences of each risk independently. Despite families’ increased risk for experiencing co-occurring parental incarceration and housing instability, little is known about families’ experiences within this complex context of risk. This qualitative study explores currently incarcerated parents’ and their children's at-home caregivers’ perceptions of their experiences of homelessness and housing instability during the year prior to the parent's current incarceration. Through semi-structured interviews with 16 jailed parents and caregivers, families describe their perception of their experience for themselves and for their children and identify challenges and support they encountered. Using multiperspectival interpretative phenomenological analysis, emerging group experiential themes clustered within four overarching constructs: jailed parent/caregiver-focused, child-focused, family-level, and exosystem-level experiences. Overall, families’ descriptions capture the complexity of their cascading risk experiences, with impacts permeating through the family system. Implications for programming and policies addressing parental incarceration and homelessness are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hate crime law associations with mental health and discrimination experiences among transgender and gender diverse adults","authors":"Robert J. Cramer,&nbsp;Richard C. Fording,&nbsp;Andréa R. Kaniuka,&nbsp;Raymond P. Tucker,&nbsp;Franck Diaz-Garelli,&nbsp;Ryan M. Hill,&nbsp;Byron Brooks,&nbsp;Brenda Hanson","doi":"10.1111/asap.12447","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12447","url":null,"abstract":"<p>State-level hate crime laws are a proposed solution for pernicious effects endured by transgender and gender diverse (e.g., no-binary, queer) (TGD) communities. The present study investigated the following correlates of psychological distress, suicidal behavior, and discrimination experiences among TGD adults: State-level hate crime law statutes (e.g., gender identity protection), state-level attitudes (e.g., conservative ideology), and individual-level marginalized identities (e.g., sexual minority status). Participants were all TGD adults in the 2015 United States Transgender Survey (USTS). We merged three data sources: the USTS, Cooperative Congressional Election Study, and the Anti-Defamation League's Hate Crime Map. We employed bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Prominent findings spanning the whole sample included: (a) worse psychological distress was associated with living in a state with greater anti-TGD attitudes and an absence of gender identity protections; (b) worse 12-month suicidal behavior was associated with living in a state with an absence of gender identity and police data collection statutes; and (c) holding multiple marginalized identities, particularly having a disability, was the strongest risk factor for experiencing negative outcomes. Findings are contextualized by debates about hate crime laws. We offer recommendations for mental health promotion and suicide prevention, hate crimes training, and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolerance of homonegativity and transnegativity predicts negative evaluations of LGBT people and LGBT-supportive policies among US-based heterosexual, cisgender participants","authors":"Abigail M. Folberg,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Hunt,&nbsp;Ellen D. B. Riggle","doi":"10.1111/asap.12449","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12449","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many people in the United States express anti-LGBT attitudes and oppose LGBT rights. These views are perpetuated when others, including allies, tolerate expressions of anti-LGBT bias. In this study, we adapted and validated a measure of tolerance of homonegativity and transnegativity (TOHT), and assessed its associations with evaluations of LGBT people, straight people, support for LGBT rights, and system-justifying ideologies among heterosexual, straight, binary-gendered/non-trans (i.e., cisgender) women and men who identified as liberal, moderate, or conservative (<i>N </i>= 295). Participants completed measures of TOHT, evaluations of LGBT people, support for LGBT rights, authoritarianism, religiosity, and contact with LGBT people. Analyses by gender and political ideology indicated that all groups tolerated anti-LGBT bias to some degree. Among conservatives, women (vs. men) endorsed TOHT more and exhibited less support for LGBT rights; the opposite was true of liberals. As expected, higher TOHT scores were associated with cooler evaluations of LGBT people and less support for LGBT rights. However, after controlling for system justifying motives, that was only significant for conservatives and moderates potentially suggesting that conservatives and liberals may endorse TOHT for different reasons. Overall, findings suggest that groups traditionally regarded as allies (e.g., women, liberals) tolerate attitudes that disadvantage LGBT people.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12449","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Is voting even effective?” Examining voting and protest as an expression of dissent and their efficacy in risky contexts","authors":"Özden Melis Uluğ,&nbsp;Yasemin Gülsüm Acar,&nbsp;Betül Kanık","doi":"10.1111/asap.12445","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12445","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the current contribution, we aim to examine how the political efficacy of different actions is understood in authoritarian contexts and, in particular, whether protest and voting are viewed as an efficacious way to engage in the political process among opposition members. We used an online survey (<i>N</i> = 152), asked open-ended questions about (1) motivators for voting, (2) reasons for not voting/indecisiveness, opinions on (3) voting, (4) offline protests, and (5) online protests to make voices heard and analyzed the data using qualitative content analysis. Results highlighted the motivators behind voting, such as opposing the current government, hope for change, and seeing it as a civic duty, while hopelessness/lack of faith in change and lack of representative candidates were barriers to civic participation. While some saw voting as ineffective in competitive authoritarian contexts like Turkey, others perceived it as a way for people to make their voices heard. Last, the difference between offline and online protests regarding making one's voice heard was stark: Offline protests were described as necessary yet very dangerous, whereas online protests were seen as mostly effective. We discuss these different actions’ political efficacy and civic participation challenges in authoritarian contexts, especially among opposition members.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between applause and arm crossing: Public reception of within-group apologies and the role of system justification","authors":"Yeongjin Yu,&nbsp;Taeyun Jung","doi":"10.1111/asap.12443","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12443","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Within-group apologies restore important values and afford victims their dignity; however, the system justification motive may cause group authorities to hesitate in apologizing or to include system-justifying expressions to soothe the general public. Two studies were conducted, both on-campus (Study 1) and off-campus (Study 2), to empirically illustrate the public reception of within-group apologies (victim-focused and system-challenging) and silence. The results indicate that higher levels of system justification are associated with more favorable attitudes toward responses from authority. For the general public (Study 2), high-level justifiers supported the government's silence as much as the victim-focused apology, maintaining trust despite perceiving unfairness. Conversely, low-level justifiers, though negative overall, supported victim-focused apology more than system-challenging apology or silence. Additionally, the general public in Study 2 favored the victim-focused apology over the system-challenging one, rendering system-justifying expressions unnecessary. We propose that authorities prioritize apologies emphasizing dignity and respect for victims, instead of fearing potential negative reception influenced by the system justification motive.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to nature can promote pro-environmental behavior: Mediating role of temporal discounting","authors":"Pei-Chen Hsia,&nbsp;Yevvon Yi-Chi Chang,&nbsp;Wen-Bin Chiou","doi":"10.1111/asap.12442","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12442","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One possible explanation for the lack of pro-environmental behavior among the public is that the benefits of combating climate change are long-term and distant. Temporal discounting is a pervasive tendency to prefer small immediate gains to large delayed benefits, which may lead to a lack of motivation to engage in pro-environmental behavior. However, exposure to nature can reduce this tendency and by extension may promote pro-environmental behavior. Two behavioral experiments were conducted to investigate whether exposure to natural (vs. urban) scenes would induce lower discounting and increase the tendency toward pro-environmental behavior. We demonstrated that exposure to natural (vs. urban) scenes was associated with a lower level of discounting and a greater tendency toward pro-environmental behavior, including energy-saving use of air conditioning (Experiment 1), willingness to participate in beach cleaning (Experiment 2), and choosing meals with less environmental impact (Experiment 2). Mediation analysis indicated that the discounting tendency mediated the relationship between exposure to natural scenes and pro-environmental behavior. This study provides the first experimental evidence that temporal discounting accounts for the association between exposure to natural (vs. urban) scenes and the tendency toward pro-environmental behavior. Our findings support the development of a novel strategy for promoting pro-environmental behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring prosocial behaviors in times of a pandemic: Individuals’ lay perspective versus scientific measurements","authors":"Janet Kleber,&nbsp;Barbara Hartl,&nbsp;Eva Hofmann,&nbsp;Katharina Ingrid Gölly","doi":"10.1111/asap.12441","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12441","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Humanitarian crises like the Covid-19 pandemic pose significant challenges to society, prompting scientific debate on whether such situations elicit more prosocial or more selfish behavior. Despite the restrictions imposed by the pandemic, current evidence indicates a continued display of various prosocial behaviors. This research aims to enhance the understanding of what constitutes prosocial behavior from both individuals’ lay and scientific perspectives. For this purpose, we analyzed lay perspectives via an open question in a representative survey (<i>N</i> = 446) and qualitatively categorized the reported prosocial behaviors inductively with content analysis. The qualitative content analysis revealed three clusters of prosocial behaviors: promoting the welfare of others, health-protective measures, and supporting society. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify the scientific perspective view (i.e., focusing on the empirical measurements) on prosocial behaviors studied during the pandemic. Although behaviors promoting the welfare of others (e.g., donations) were the most commonly studied in the literature review, participants reported more health-protective behavior, such as hand-washing, which was not traditionally considered to be prosocial before the pandemic. The comparison between individuals’ lay and scientific perspectives highlighted some prosocial behaviors that warrant future investigation (e.g., supporting the economy, home office).</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young university students’ cultural values, filial obligation norms, and ageism toward older people","authors":"Nagihan Taşdemir","doi":"10.1111/asap.12438","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asap.12438","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study examined Turkish young university students’ cultural values and filial obligation norms in association with their ageism toward older people. Participants (<i>N</i>  =  369) completed scales measuring relatedness and autonomy values, filial obligation norms, prescriptive intergenerational-tension ageism, ambivalent ageism, warmth and competence stereotypes toward older people, and frequency of intergenerational contact. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses showed that <i>relatedness values</i> were negatively associated with <i>succession</i> prejudice; and positively associated with <i>benevolent</i> <i>ageism</i> and <i>competence</i> and <i>warmth</i> stereotypes. <i>Relatively</i> <i>authoritarian filial obligation norms</i> were further negatively associated with <i>consumption</i> prejudice, and positively associated with <i>benevolent ageism</i> and <i>competence</i> and <i>warmth</i> stereotypes. Finally, mediation analyses showed that <i>relatively authoritarian</i> and <i>emotional filial obligation norms</i> explained the indirect association between the variables, the former for <i>benevolent ageism</i> and <i>competence</i> and <i>warmth</i> stereotypes; the latter for <i>warmth</i> stereotypes and <i>frequency of intergenerational contact</i>. The present study suggests that young people's relatively traditional cultural values and hierarchical familial norms play a role in their positive prejudice and stereotypes whereas relationship-oriented cultural values and emotional familial norms play a role in their <i>warmth</i> stereotypes and <i>frequency of intergenerational contact</i>. The findings help us understand how different contents and components of ageism toward older people are linked with young people's cultural values and familial norms.</p>","PeriodicalId":46799,"journal":{"name":"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asap.12438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}