Journal of Social Philosophy最新文献_第7页

Public reason and private bias: Accommodating political disagreement 公共理性与私人偏见:包容政治分歧

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12518

Athmeya Jayaram

引用次数: 0

Microaggressions as negligence 微侵犯如疏忽

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-24 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12519

David Schraub

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Addressing the rise of inequalities: How relevant is Rawls's critique of welfare state capitalism? 解决不平等的上升:罗尔斯对福利国家资本主义的批评有多相关?

IF 0.8 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12517

Catherine Audard

{"title":"Addressing the rise of inequalities: How relevant is Rawls's critique of welfare state capitalism?","authors":"Catherine Audard","doi":"10.1111/josp.12517","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josp.12517","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies by economists such as Piketty (2013, 2019) and Atkinson (2015) have contested the well-established view that post-war redistribution policies have been successful in the long term at slowing down the rise of structural inequalities. In reality, the claim goes, they have dealt mostly with reducing inequalities of income through redistribution and have left inequalities of wealth and capital ownership uncontrolled. These, according to their studies, have now risen in the developed world and reached levels more typical of 19th Century Europe.To make matters worse, perceptions of and attitudes towards fighting inequalities as unjust that Rawls saw as based on a wide consensus of citizens' “considered judgments” (Rawls, 1999, p. 17), have changed, leading to them being accepted as the justified and even necessary price to pay for economic growth and as a reward for merit. Economic arguments based on the need for incentives for raising productivity and the “trickle-down effect” have become widely accepted as if the price of economic efficiency should be disconnected from the demands of equity. Meritocracy has provided ethical arguments too. As John Roemer says, “today the most important problem for the social sciences of inequality is understanding how electorates have come to acquiesce to policies which increase inequality… and to try revealing the logic of the micro mechanisms that lead to this acquiescence… to challenge the view that interfering with the incentives the market provides necessarily reduces economic welfare” (Roemer, 2011, p. 301).Such recent developments, as some critics have argued (Forrester, 2019, pp. 278–279), suggest that Rawls's A Theory of Justice, published in 1971, before the watershed of neoliberal welfare policies, should be considered as a product of its time and as still thinking about justice within the context of the post-war market economy of rising demand and economic growth, supported by state interventions. But post-1980s, another ideology has been dominant. “Small government” and limited state intervention are the new norms, even on the Left with the Third Way in Britain, and redistribution is being reconsidered1 as often too costly and conducing to the rise of a work-shy population, even if the 2020–2022 COVID-19 pandemic has considerably watered down these criticisms.In this article, I examine Rawls's “political” critique of WSC and of its inability to fight structural injustices together with his proposal for POD as a realistic prospect and a credible alternative to WSC. Section 2 describes the rise of inequalities of wealth and power as a source of structural injustices, and Rawls's insight as to why WSC is unable to fight them. Section 3 presents Rawls's alternative proposal of POD with its two ambitions, to protect, but also to emancipate citizens and guarantee their fu","PeriodicalId":46756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Philosophy","volume":"55 2","pages":"221-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josp.12517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41708000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of contingently public goods 临时公共产品的重要性

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12516

Friedemann Bieber

{"title":"The importance of contingently public goods","authors":"Friedemann Bieber","doi":"10.1111/josp.12516","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josp.12516","url":null,"abstract":"Public goods have recently received increasing attention by philosophers. In addition to work on the historical origins of the notion of public goods (Desmarais-Tremblay, 2017), their relevance to the thinking of particular political theorists (de Jongh, 2022) and the justifiability of particular public goods, such as the arts (Kessler, 2018), there have been a number of systematic attempts to develop a normative theory of public goods (see e.g., Kallhoff, 2011; Miller, 2004). Asking which public goods the state ought to provide, and how the benefits and burdens of their provision ought to be distributed, these contributions can roughly be divided into two camps. One group of authors has addressed these questions within political liberalism, remaining committed to the principle of state neutrality. By taking individual preferences as given, they note that many public goods promise net efficiency gains and ask according to what principles these benefits ought to be distributed (see e.g., Claassen, 2013; Cullity, 2008; Murphy & Nagel, 2001). In so doing, they see themselves as complementing existing theories of justice, which remain mostly silent on the allocation of costs and benefits of public goods (Miller & Taylor, 2018, p. 556). Another group of authors has moved beyond the principle of state neutrality, putting forward arguments in favor of the state provision of public goods that are at least in part independent of individual preferences, such as their potential to foster solidarity and to connect people (see e.g., Ferdman, 2018; Kallhoff, 2014; Kohn, 2020). These authors contend that the social value of public goods remains underappreciated, and that the state may be justified in providing them even if doing so does not result in efficiency gains and reject the view that efficiency is the central criterion by which to judge whether the provision of a public good can be justified. This philosophical interest has coincided with a broader sense of neglect of public goods, which has been voiced by journalists and public intellectuals, in particular in Britain and the United States (Irvin, 2012; Judt, 2010; Lehrer, 2020). Yet, despite the recent surge in attention, the philosophical and, more generally, the “scholarly literature on public goods is relatively thin” (Kohn, 2020, p. 2).1This article aims to contribute to the philosophical thinking about public goods in three ways. First, highlighting an ambiguity in how the term “public good” is used, Section 2 proposes to distinguish between inherently public goods, which cohere to the economist's definition of a good that is non-rivalrous and non-excludable, and contingently public goods, which are non-rivalrous and, though in principle excludable, p","PeriodicalId":46756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Philosophy","volume":"56 2","pages":"202-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josp.12516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46599291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Issue Information - NASSP PAGE 问题信息-NASSP PAGE

IF 0.8 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12474

引用次数: 0

Contributors 贡献者

IF 0.8 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12473

引用次数: 0

Stability and disruptive speech 稳定性和破坏性言论

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12513

Carl Fox

{"title":"Stability and disruptive speech","authors":"Carl Fox","doi":"10.1111/josp.12513","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josp.12513","url":null,"abstract":"One of the big political challenges we face is deciding what to do about the explosion of disruptive speech. By disruptive speech, I mean speech that challenges or subverts widespread existing social and political norms. There are many kinds of disruptive speech, and not all of them are bad. In fact, as we shall see, some of them are indispensable to a healthy public sphere. However, fake news, where false or misleading stories are smuggled past our epistemic defenses under the cover of journalistic conventions, is one prominent example of what I shall call bad disruptive speech, and we can point to many others such as bald-faced lies, outlandish hyperbole, and hate speech.We are learning just how corrosive bad disruptive speech can be. Increasing numbers of people appear to be turning away from core democratic principles. Foa and Mounk (2017, p. 6–7) cite evidence showing a precipitous drop in the numbers of citizens who believe that it is “essential to live in a democracy,” and, hardly coincidentally, a rise in the number of people who would like to see a strong leader “who does not have to bother with elections.” This chimes with the feeling that many of us have that society is becoming more polarized, and our political disagreements more fractious. Opponents cannot be persuaded or tolerated, and must simply be beaten.1 The label Foa and Mounk attach to growing skepticism about the value of democracy is “deconsolidation,” and this conveys the sense many of us have of something coming apart. Of course, there are many contributory factors that we might discuss. In particular, we might point to structural features of the global economy that concentrate wealth and power in the hands of a fortunate few.2 Some bad behavior in the public sphere may seem of little consequence beside material conditions of inequality, but there are reasons to think that it does matter, even if there are other things that may matter more.This paper addresses three questions. First, does it make sense to group the various kinds of bad disruptive speech together as a distinct family of related threats to broadly liberal representative democracies? Bald-faced lying and hate speech, for example, are clearly wrong for different reasons, so why treat them as if they are the same? Second, how can we distinguish bad forms of disruptive speech from good ones? If the former constitute a clear and present danger to democracy, then we will want to take action to curtail them, but we do not want to throw the baby out with the bathwater. If we are to protect and support good forms of disruptive speech, such as satire and the arts, then we must be able to tell which is which. And, third, what can we permissibly do about bad disruptive speech once we have isolated it? Facebook has appealed to the value of free speech as a justification for continuing to allow demonstrably false political advertising on their platform.3 Is b","PeriodicalId":46756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Philosophy","volume":"56 1","pages":"145-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josp.12513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44695420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A path to repair of the past 修复过去的道路

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12515

Susan Stark

引用次数: 0

The inefficacy objection and new ethical veganism 无效反对与新伦理素食主义

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12514

Lucia Schwarz

引用次数: 0

Does ectogestation have oppressive potential? 外孕有压迫的潜力吗？

IF 1.1 3区哲学

Journal of Social Philosophy Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.1111/josp.12512

J. Y. Lee, Andrea Bidoli, Ezio Di Nucci

{"title":"Does ectogestation have oppressive potential?","authors":"J. Y. Lee, Andrea Bidoli, Ezio Di Nucci","doi":"10.1111/josp.12512","DOIUrl":"10.1111/josp.12512","url":null,"abstract":"Ectogestation refers to full or partial gestation of a fetus ex utero. Partial ectogestation refers to the removal of a developing fetus from the pregnant person's body and its placement into an artificial placenta1 to complete gestation (Kaczor, 2005). In this sense, it may be seen as an “alternative to neonatal intensive care,” (Romanis & Horn, 2020) or imagined as a more advanced version of methods already used in modern medicine to sustain premature babies in an incubator.2 In this article, however, we focus on full ectogestation, which could represent a “complete alternative to human gestation” (Räsänen & Smajdor, 2020), as eggs would be fertilized in vitro, and the resulting embryos directly placed in an artificial placenta for the whole gestational period. Building on the recent wealth of literature addressing ethical issues related to it,3 we aim to analyze some underexplored objections to full ectogestation.4Our article investigates whether ectogestation might lead to certain forms of social oppression. First, we explore ectogestation's potential role in the unwarranted devaluing of certain aspects of female reproductive embodiment. We then consider whether ectogestation could exacerbate existing objectionable scrutiny over the reproductive choices of gestating persons. While also considering some counter-objections to these concerns in our paper, we maintain that public support for ectogestation should be conditional on rigorous critical reflection about the possibilities for social oppression that might arise from this technology, in addition to concrete preventive actions directed at mitigating such potential effects.Still, we also acknowledge that the prospect of ectogestation can be imagined and framed in a positive and emancipatory fashion. This has already been done by many feminist thinkers and bioethicists, in line with the practical suggestion to give people at the very least a (hypothetical) negative right to use ectogestation if they want it. (Benjamin, 2021). In principle, we are sympathetic to this notion that ectogestation can be purposed to emancipatory ends; when we link ectogestation with social oppression later in the article, our aim is to draw greater attention to the more troubling complexities and complications we might encounter with ectogestation, which require mitigation. But let us now briefly review and put into context the grounds that have been offered in support for a reality with ectogestation. Consider Shulamith Firestone's advocacy of a method of artificial gestation already from the 70's, as a way to “[free] women from the tyranny of reproduction” (Firestone, 2015). Her radical feminist view placed the reproductive differences between male and female sexes as the basis for gender inequality, claiming that detaching women from the role of “baby-makers” was a crucial","PeriodicalId":46756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Philosophy","volume":"56 1","pages":"133-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/josp.12512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48232616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0