Martin Bugeja, Samir Ghannam, Davina Jeganathan, Yaowen Shan
{"title":"Acquisition experience over performance: Directorship prestige following M&As","authors":"Martin Bugeja, Samir Ghannam, Davina Jeganathan, Yaowen Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Corporate governance research documents that outside directors are not penalised in the director labour market for engaging in value-destroying acquisitions (M&A) as they obtain additional directorships regardless of M&A performance. This result is puzzling as it suggests that the director labour market does not provide sufficient ex post settling-up incentives for outside directors to mitigate agency concerns in the M&A context. We further investigate this issue by examining the prestige of directorships received by independent directors after engaging in an M&A. Using US data, we find that acquiring firm directors are awarded more prestigious directorships, regardless of whether the acquisition resulted in value destruction or value creation. Overall, our findings reinforce the notion that, in the director labour market, acquisition experience holds more value than acquisition ability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1815566924000389/pdfft?md5=f60f1846acea6c276b078f3b9aac3319&pid=1-s2.0-S1815566924000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141944929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate reporting by cooperatives: Mapping the landscape and identifying determinants","authors":"Karel Bodenstein Fouché , Fernando Polo-Garrido","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cooperatives conform to a model that is different to what is normally understood to be an enterprise, with distinctive interpretations of property rights, governance, and values. A unique characteristic of cooperatives’ corporate reporting is it essentially addresses member-owners, and not shareholders. Despite this, most research has been performed from the perspective of investor-owned firms. The aim of this study is to obtain an understanding of the nature and extent of the adoption of corporate reporting conventions, and to identify the determinants of such adoptions by cooperatives, by means of ordinal regression and binary logistic models on a sample drawn from the Global Top 300 cooperatives. Despite the expectations implicit in the differences in the users of financial reports (cooperative members), there was a lack of cooperative-specific reporting in that the most common categories of published corporate reports are still annual reports and annual financial statements. Approximately half of the cooperatives publish environmental and social reports, governance reports and/or management reports, while only a miniscule number publish integrated reports. Results also suggest the stakeholder, legitimacy, institutional, transaction cost and agency theories help to explain the determinants for the of adoption of corporate reporting. We have identified common determinants (market, country and institutional factors) for the adoption of cooperative reporting, as well as idiosyncratic determinants that are unique to cooperative entities. We found that cooperatives with external shareholders are more likely to adopt environmental and social, management and governance reporting. Idiosyncratic determinants indicated that cooperatives who more assertively draw their attention to their identity are more likely to adopt annual reporting. Cooperatives who limit the distribution of profits to members only are also more likely to adopt management reporting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human capital quality and cash holdings","authors":"Harshali Damle , Rajesh Kumar Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we examine whether human capital quality affects firms’ cash holdings. Using a sample of U.S. firms from 1980 to 2022, we find that a one standard deviation increase in human capital quality is associated with an increase of 0.053 in the cash-to-total assets ratio. We also explore two channels—skilled labour risk and agency costs—through which human capital quality affects cash holdings. Further, using the hiring of a chief diversity officer as a proxy for a diverse and inclusive workforce, we find that firms that hire chief diversity officers have higher cash holdings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong Kim Duong , Ying Wu , Eduardo Schiehll , Hong Yao
{"title":"Environmental and social disclosure, managerial entrenchment, and investment efficiency","authors":"Hong Kim Duong , Ying Wu , Eduardo Schiehll , Hong Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effect of environmental and social (E&S) disclosure and managerial entrenchment on investment efficiency. E&S disclosure increases not only capital accessibility but also external monitoring of entrenched managers’ actions. We develop a theoretical model that demonstrates how these benefits and costs of firms’ voluntary E&S disclosure affect investment efficiency. Using a large sample of U.S.-listed firms over the period 2016–2022, we test the model’s predictions and provide empirical evidence suggesting that E&S disclosure is positively associated with investment efficiency and that this effect is stronger for firms with lower managerial entrenchment or those disclosing more financially material E&S information. Our study contributes to the investment efficiency literature by demonstrating the relevance of an incentive-compatible mechanism reflecting managers’ choice of E&S voluntary disclosure to the efficient capital allocation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 3","pages":"Article 100435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can the registration system reform improve the disclosure quality?——Evidence from the ChiNext board","authors":"Xihao Wu, Yuezhe Shen, Yani Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an important institutional reform in the Chinese capital market, the registration system reform aims to improve the disclosure quality of public companies. Using the exogenous shock from the registration system reform as a quasi-natural experiment, we probe the effect of the registration system on disclosure in two stages: IPO admission and post-IPO supervision. We find that the registration system reform significantly reduces the performance deterioration of “incremental” companies in the IPO admission stage and improves the disclosure quality of “existing” companies in the post-IPO supervision stage. In addition, curbing earnings manipulation is a possible channel the registration system reform affects disclosure. Furthermore, these effects are more pronounced in firms with lower internal governance levels and less external media attention. Collectively, these findings respond to the theoretical controversy over whether the registration system will improve or worsen disclosure quality and confirm the reform has positive effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate carbon performance and firm risk: Evidence from Asia-Pacific countries","authors":"Eltayyeb Al-Fakir Al Rabab’a , Afzalur Rashid , Syed Shams , Sudipta Bose","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the association between corporate carbon performance (CCP) and firm risk using a sample of 9,212 firm-year observations from 13 countries in the Asia-Pacific region over the period 2002–2021. We also examine the moderating role of the quality of country-level governance in the association between CCP and firm risk. We find that CCP is negatively associated with a firm’s total, idiosyncratic and systematic risk and that country-level governance quality accentuates the negative association between CCP and firm risk. We also find that country-level business culture, emissions trading schemes, climate change performance and attention to carbon emissions accentuate the negative association between CCP and firm risk. Given the growing demands from regulatory bodies for increased transparency on carbon performance, the insights gained from our research hold significant relevance for regulators, policy makers, investors, financial analysts, scholars and businesses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1815566924000274/pdfft?md5=4f6d0882944baf478b6cc7f969e9ef60&pid=1-s2.0-S1815566924000274-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating the joint effect of competitive strategies and pay gap on ESG performance","authors":"Johnny Jermias , Fereshteh Mahmoudian","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the joint effect of competitive strategies and the pay gap on ESG performance. We employ the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to derive the two competitive strategies, namely product differentiation and cost leadership. Based on data from firms listed in S&P1500 from 2000 to 2022, and using the Three Stage Least Square (3SLS) model, we hypothesize and find that cost leadership companies have a negative relationship with ESG performance, and the pay gap exacerbates this negative relationship. In contrast, we predict and find that product differentiation companies have a positive relationship with ESG performance, and the pay gap makes this positive relationship more pronounced. Overall, we contribute to the literature and managerial practices in three ways. First, we contribute to the literature on the pay gap by considering the company’s competitive strategy, an important variable that previous studies tend to ignore. The findings of our study suggest that researchers need to consider competitive strategy when investigating the relationship between the pay gap and ESG performance. Second, our study uses ESG performance rather than financial performance as the dependent variable. As such, our study contributes to the limited literature on the relationship between the pay gap and ESG performance. Finally, for practice, our study sheds an important light on understanding the strategic reasons underlying managers’ motivation to invest in ESG activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141084723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of target firm’s social performance on acquisition premiums","authors":"Mahfuja Malik , Md Al Mamun","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates whether a target firm’s corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences the acquisition premium paid by an acquirer. Using the US public mergers and acquisitions (M&A) deals, this study finds that acquisition premium increases as targets’ perceived CSR quality increases, an effect incremental to previously documented drivers of such premiums. Additional findings reveal that the positive association between targets’ CSR quality and acquisition premiums is stronger for large targets and acquirers with high CSR performance. The study also documents that targets’ environmental performance has the strongest effects on acquisition premiums compared to other dimensions of CSR such as community, employees, diversity, or product. This study contributes to the literature by documenting the value of CSR in an unconventional manner using evidence from the M&A market. The findings are robust after controlling for the target-specific, acquirer-specific, deal-specific, and macro-economic variables and by using different proxies for CSR and acquisition premiums.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pretending to be sustainable: Is ESG disparity a symptom?","authors":"Gabriel de la Fuente, Pilar Velasco","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates a novel dimension of ESG (environmental, social, and governance), namely the degree of inequality in the distribution of a firm’s overall ESG performance across the three pillars. By grounding our arguments on the agency theory, we argue that such a dimension can discern the degree of authenticity of managers’ ESG awareness. A more unequal distribution might be due to a discretionary and self-interested adoption of ESG principles in order to win the favour of key stakeholders. Using a sample of U.S. listed companies, we provide empirical evidence that disparity in ESG scores between pillars detracts value from ESG engagement. Moreover, such a negative moderating effect worsens in companies that are more prone to agency problems (e.g. higher cash holdings), lack ESG-based compensation, have lower leverage, and are more exposed to the investor spotlight (e.g. higher analyst coverage). Overall, our findings suggest the importance of accounting for managerial motivations to engage in ESG and support the idea that a lower perceived authenticity of these programmes results in lower value outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1815566924000183/pdfft?md5=6d88fe8b736bc653f1d132958c4dc294&pid=1-s2.0-S1815566924000183-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate carbon reduction and tax avoidance: International evidence","authors":"Zhi-Yuan Feng , Ying-Chieh Wang , Wen-Gine Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcae.2024.100416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using data on firms’ carbon emissions in 28 countries, we document that a firm’s initiation of carbon reduction activities relates to lower tax payments. This result endorses a perception of legitimacy theory suggesting that companies can gain legitimacy with tax authorities by adopting carbon reduction strategies. Our study also shows that the positive relationship between lower tax payments and a firm’s carbon reduction leads to higher Return on Assets (ROA), particularly for firms with lower operating performance. Moreover, our study documents that firms that engage in carbon reduction activities can mitigate their tax burden in countries that impose a carbon tax, have higher media freedom, judicial independence, and robust legal systems. These various institutions within a country can influence the relationship between a company’s carbon emission reductions, lower tax payments, and its overall performance. Our findings are robust even when using alternative measures of carbon emissions, control variables for corporate social responsibility, and the entropy-balance or propensity score matching sample.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"20 2","pages":"Article 100416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140163764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}