{"title":"Does key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure affect corporate financialization?","authors":"Yan Zhao, Kun Su, Yiming Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims to clarify the relationship between key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure and corporate financialization. The findings reveal that key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure can provide incremental information value, thereby impeding corporate financialization in China. Moreover, this effect is more pronounced in the samples with low media attention, low institutional investor holdings, and non-state-owned enterprises. Further research indicates that reducing managerial myopia and easing financing constraints serve as key channels through which key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure affects corporate financialization. In addition, the future financialization analysis suggests that key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure has a sustained deterrent effect on financialization rather than just a short-term signaling mechanism. This study provides empirical evidence on efficiently preventing excessive financialization of enterprises, as well as some insights for mitigating systemic financial risks from the key audit matters (KAMs) disclosure perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysts’ revenue forecasts and discretionary revenues","authors":"Shih-Chu Chou , Sunay Mutlu , Weiwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the association between analysts’ revenue forecast coverage and firms’ revenue manipulation. We find that coverage of revenues by financial analysts relative to earnings is positively associated with the magnitude of firms’ discretionary revenues. This finding shows a pressure effect of analysts, where analysts’ revenue forecasts induce incentives for managers to manipulate revenues to meet expectations. Our cross-sectional analyses show that this pressure on discretionary revenues is higher during the fourth fiscal quarter. This effect is also more pronounced for firms whose revenues are more value-relevant and when analysts exhibit greater disagreement over revenue forecasts. Further evidence related to ASC 606, a major GAAP change about revenue accounting, provides corroborating evidence for the pressure effect. Robustness checks confirm the validity of our findings and offer further insights into the role of revenue forecasts in revenue manipulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does diverse tax planning reduce tax risk?","authors":"Kimberly S. Krieg , John Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the relationship between diverse tax planning and a firm’s level of tax risk. Prior studies have suggested that firms face a trade-off between engaging in tax avoidance and managing exposure to tax risk, defined as the volatility of future tax outcomes. We propose that firms may be able to achieve both objectives by diversifying their portfolios of tax avoidance strategies. We create two measures of diversification based on two different ways of measuring tax avoidance. Using these two measures, we find that tax strategy diversification benefits firms in two ways. First, when holding the level of tax avoidance constant, increasing diversification reduces the firm’s exposure to tax risk. Second, when firms increase their level of tax avoidance, having higher diversification mitigates the impact of the increased tax avoidance on their tax risk exposure. Our study highlights the benefits of firms engaging in a diverse portfolio of tax strategies and shows that the relationship between tax avoidance and tax risk is contingent on the firm’s diversification, which may provide an explanation for the mixed evidence found in prior literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raden Roro Widya Ningtyas Soeprajitno, Ainun Na'im, Fuad Rakhman
{"title":"The effects of government policies during the COVID-19 pandemic on earnings management","authors":"Raden Roro Widya Ningtyas Soeprajitno, Ainun Na'im, Fuad Rakhman","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the effects of government policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic on management decisions on earnings. While existing studies usually treat a crisis as a single event, in this study, we disentangle the two contrasting forces typically present during a crisis, one increasing and the other decreasing the severity of the crisis. We use the government policy BSG index issued by the University of Oxford COVID-19 Project to identify these types and to measure the extent of the policies issued by governments worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic that affect the uncertainty about the future of business and the economy. Our sample includes public firms from 74 countries, with a total observation of 57,758 firm-years from 2020 to 2022. We find that different policies have different effects on earnings management. Specifically, our results show that containment policies reduce earnings management while economic policies increase earnings management. This study contributes to the literature on how government policies and prolonged economic shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, affect earnings management. We believe that our ability to disentangle the two contrasting forces in a crisis and separately examine their effects on earnings management is the novelty of this study. Our results provide policymakers with insights into the impact of the governments’ policies on management decisions, especially on reported earnings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do integrated report readability and tone convey value relevant information? International evidence","authors":"Amir Hossain , Sudipta Bose , Abul Shamsuddin","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated reporting (IR) holistically integrates material financial and non-financial information concisely and cohesively to provide value-relevant information to capital providers. This study examines the effect of integrated report readability and tone on the market value of equity. Using 2,707 firm-year observations across 41 countries, we find that having a more readable and optimistic tone in integrated reports positively affects the market value of equity. This positive association between readability and tone with market value of equity is particularly pronounced in firms with higher institutional ownership. This relationship is further amplified in stakeholder-oriented countries, countries where English is not the official language, and financially opaque environments. Additionally, the information content of integrated report readability and tone shows a positive association with the market value of equity. Given that firms have been gradually adopting IR practices to create sustainable value, the findings of this study are of significance to regulators, standard-setters, policy makers, investors and firms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Product market competition and R&D disclosure transparency: evidence from earnings communication conferences in China","authors":"Mengshu Hao , Yuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how product market competition influences firms’ R&D disclosure transparency. Using a novel text-based measure derived from the transcripts of earnings communication conferences (ECCs) of Chinese listed firms, we document that increased competition from potential entrants significantly enhances R&D disclosure transparency. This effect is more pronounced among firms that are financially constrained, have stronger incentives to deter new entrants, and face lower proprietary costs. Further analysis shows that greater R&D disclosure transparency is associated with lower financing costs for disclosing firms and reduced R&D activity among their industry peers. Overall, our findings suggest that firms strategically enhance R&D disclosure transparency in response to competitive threats from potential market entrants, balancing the benefits of reduced financing costs and entry deterrence against the potential risks of revealing proprietary information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pulling back the curtain, does news about a firm’s economic events before the earnings announcement help investors contextualize earnings surprise?","authors":"Justin Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how news released throughout the prior quarter helps investors contextualize future earnings surprises. I find that news detailing specific firm events, or “event-based news releases,” in the quarter leading up to the earnings announcement reduces post-earnings announcement drift (+2, +60), but, interestingly, that Form 8-Ks are <em>in</em>effective in reducing this mispricing. To investigate this difference, I find that event-based news releases without an associated Form 8-K are much more likely to disclose events related to the firm’s core operations and specifically product and client announcements compared with event-based news releases that have an associated Form 8-K. I also compare total news releases with event-based news releases and find that event-based news releases specifically are associated with a reduction in post-earnings announcement drift. Lastly, I find that event-based news releases are more effective at reducing drift for firms with less disaggregated income statements and prior to the filing of the Form 10-Q/Form 10-K.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organisation capital: A key asset for mitigating firm-level climate change exposure","authors":"Chen Zheng, Zhiyue Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite growing evidence of the importance of organisation capital, its impact on corporate resilience remains underexplored. This study investigates whether organisation capital provides firms with greater resilience and reduces their exposure to climate change. By analysing a sample of 3,622 US firms from 2001 to 2021, we found that firms with high organisation capital experienced less climate change exposure. This result remained robust across various tests and methods to address endogeneity concerns. Furthermore, organisation capital was found to act as a mediator or suppressor in the relationship between firm-specific factors – such as financial constraints, analyst forecast quality, agency costs, financial leverage, corporate governance, firm performance, efficiency, operating performance, product market competition, and environmental commitment and initiative – and climate change exposure. Overall, our results underscore the resilience benefits provided by organisation capital and highlight its critical role in mitigating climate-related risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 3","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Audit implications of major customer diversity","authors":"Xiao Chen , Narisa Tianjing Dai , Leo Jiahe Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel measure, major customer diversity, to capture the heterogeneity in firms’ major customer bases, and examines its implications for audit practices. While engaging with heterogeneous major customers may help firms stabilize revenues and mitigate overstocking costs, we argue that such diversification increases auditors’ perceived business risk and the complexity of audit procedures. Our empirical findings indicate that major customer diversity is positively and significantly related to audit pricing, suggesting that auditors incorporate this dimension into their risk assessments and fee structures. Furthermore, we find that this effect is amplified when firms exhibit high dependence on major customers or operate with greater complexity. Additional analyses demonstrate that major customer diversity has broader implications for financial reporting outcomes, including shorter audit report lags, reduced discretionary accruals, a higher likelihood of financial restatements, and a decreased probability of receiving going-concern opinions. Moreover, firms with diversified major customers tend to hold less accounts receivables and finished goods and form greater investments in works-in-process and raw materials and customer-specific assets (e.g., property, plant, and equipment), indicating the leveling of liquidity and operational risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 2","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CEO tenure and labor investment efficiency","authors":"Hui Liang James , Pornsit Jiraporn , Hongxia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcae.2025.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the impact of CEO tenure on corporate labor investment efficiency. While some studies show that CEO entrenchment increases in tenure (e.g., <span><span>Hermalin and Weisbach, 1998</span></span>), others argue that managerial expertise builds over time in the office (e.g., <span><span>Graf-Vlachy et al., 2020</span></span>). Using a large sample of U.S. firms from 1992 to 2018, we find that longer-tenured CEOs are associated with more efficient labor investment. This finding is robust to alternative measures of labor investment inefficiency, subsample analyses, and various model specifications. Further analysis shows that longer-tenured CEOs mitigate both under- and over-investment in labor problems characterized by under-hiring and under-firing, respectively. The positive effect of CEO tenure on labor investment efficiency is stronger in human capital-intensive firms and those with greater operational uncertainty. We conclude that advanced managerial expertise enables longer-tenured CEOs to invest in labor more accurately.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46693,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics","volume":"21 2","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}