British Journal for the History of Science最新文献_第8页

Transformations: the material representation of historical experiments in science teaching. 转化：科学教学中历史实验的物质表现。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000274

Peter Heering

{"title":"Transformations: the material representation of historical experiments in science teaching.","authors":"Peter Heering","doi":"10.1017/S0007087423000274","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007087423000274","url":null,"abstract":"Some experiments from the history of physics became so famous that they not only made it into the textbook canon but were transformed into lecture demonstration performances and student laboratory activities in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. While, at first glance, some of these demonstrations as well as the related instruments do resemble their historical ancestors, a closer examination reveals significant differences both in the instruments themselves and in the practices and meanings associated with them. In this paper, I analyse the relation between the research instruments and the respective teaching demonstrations. In doing so, I particularly distinguish between demonstrations that address the process of the actual experimental procedures, and those that focus on the outcome or results (the product) of the experiment. This distinction will be illustrated in some exemplary case studies from the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth in which both the historical experiment and the related educational devices are analysed. The tension between the historical experiment on the one hand, and the different variants of the teaching version on the other, result in the educational as well as epistemological problems that are discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"351-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9946841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From museumization to decolonization: fostering critical dialogues in the history of science with a Haida eagle mask. 从博物馆化到非殖民化：戴着海达鹰面具促进科学史上的批判性对话。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000043

Efram Sera-Shriar

{"title":"From museumization to decolonization: fostering critical dialogues in the history of science with a Haida eagle mask.","authors":"Efram Sera-Shriar","doi":"10.1017/S0007087423000043","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0007087423000043","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the process from museumization to decolonization through an examination of a Haida eagle mask currently on display in the Exploring Medicine gallery at the Science Museum in London. While elements of this discussion are well developed in some disciplines, such as Indigenous studies, anthropology and museum and heritage studies, this paper approaches the topic through the history of science, where decolonization and global perspectives are still gaining momentum. The aim therefore is to offer some opening perspectives and methods on how historians of science can use the ideas and approaches relating to decolonization in other fields, and apply them constructively to the history of science, particularly in museum settings. Decolonization is a complicated process and the focus of this paper is squarely on the preliminary steps of its implementation. To understand this process fully, the paper will recontextualize the Indigenous history of the Haida eagle mask at the Science Museum through a careful reconstruction of its provenance record. Through this process it will expose the politics of erasure and hidden voices in museum collections.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"309-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10837962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Presidential Address 'Some years of cudgelling my brains about the nature and function of science museums': Frank Sherwood Taylor and the public role of the history of science. 总统演讲“多年来，我一直在思考科学博物馆的性质和功能”：弗兰克·舍伍德·泰勒和科学史的公众角色。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000237

Tim Boon

引用次数: 0

Van Leeuwenhoek - the film: remaking memory in Dutch science cinema 1925-c.1960. 范·列文虎克-电影：在荷兰科学电影中重塑记忆1925-c.1960。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/S000708742300016X

Mieneke Te Hennepe

{"title":"Van Leeuwenhoek - the film: remaking memory in Dutch science cinema 1925-c.1960.","authors":"Mieneke Te Hennepe","doi":"10.1017/S000708742300016X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S000708742300016X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how the production, content and reception of the film Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1924) influenced the historical framing of science. The film features microcinematography by the pioneering Dutch filmmaker Jan Cornelis Mol (1891-1954), and was part of a dynamic process of commemorating seventeenth-century microscopy and bacteriology through an early instance of visual re-creation - a new way of using scientific material heritage, and of enabling audiences to supposedly observe the world of microscopic organisms in just the same way as the Dutch scientist Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) had observed them for himself. Knowledge transfer concerning material culture, around both historical and contemporary instruments, was the determining factor in the microcinematography practices applied in this film. The production and experience of the film also mirrored the seventeenth-century process of experimentation, playing with optics, and visualizing an entirely new and unknown world. Unlike other biographical science films of the 1920s, Antony van Leeuwenhoek featured abstract depictions of time and movement that allowed the audience to connect the history of science with microcinematography, contributing to the memory of Van Leeuwenhoek's work as the origins of bacteriology in the process.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":"329-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9491611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Power to the image! Science, technology and visual diplomacy. 介绍:动力到形象!科学、技术和视觉外交。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000146

Simone Turchetti, Matthew Adamson

引用次数: 0

Cartoon diplomacy: visual strategies, imperial rivalries and the 1890 British Ultimatum to Portugal. 漫画外交:视觉战略、帝国对抗和1890年英国对葡萄牙的最后通牒。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000067

Maria Paula Diogo, Paula Urze, Ana Simões

{"title":"Cartoon diplomacy: visual strategies, imperial rivalries and the 1890 British Ultimatum to Portugal.","authors":"Maria Paula Diogo, Paula Urze, Ana Simões","doi":"10.1017/S0007087423000067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087423000067","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers a novel interpretation of the 1890 British Ultimatum, by bringing to the front of the stage its techno-diplomatic dimension, often invisible in the canonical diplomatic and military narratives. Furthermore, we use an unconventional historical source to grasp the British-Portuguese imperial conflict over the African hinterland via the building of railways: the cartoons of the politically committed and polyvalent Portuguese artist and journalist Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro (1846-1905), published in his journal Ponto nos iis, from the end of 1889 and throughout 1890. We argue that the Ponto nos iis cartoons played a so far overlooked role in the unfolding of British-Portuguese affairs, as they shaped at a distance a diplomatic exchange with the British satirical journal Punch. Attacking and counterattacking his fellow cartoonists in Britain, Pinheiro surged into the role of informal diplomat. This cartoon visual and public diplomacy unfolded in the pages of both journals and was tied to the two countries' colonial conquests in Africa, where the Portuguese and British empires were competing to dominate the African hinterland through large technological systems. Hence the cartoons made visible to wider audiences the otherwise hidden role that technologies played in the two countries' affairs. In turn, the cartoons aimed at persuading the Portuguese public and ruling classes alike that only regime change, from monarchic to republican, would restore the wounded Portuguese national pride.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":"56 2","pages":"147-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9788139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dylan Mulvin, Proxies: The Cultural Work of Standing In London: MIT Press, 2021. Pp. 228. ISBN 978-0-2620-4514-8. £40.00 (paperback). - CORRIGENDUM. 迪伦·马尔文，代理:站在伦敦的文化工作:麻省理工学院出版社，2021年。228页。ISBN 978-0-2620-4514-8。£40.00(平装)。应改正的错误。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000249

Harry Law

引用次数: 1

Picturing Chinese science: wartime photographs in Joseph Needham's science diplomacy. 描绘中国科学:李约瑟科学外交中的战时照片。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000110

Gordon Barrett

{"title":"Picturing Chinese science: wartime photographs in Joseph Needham's science diplomacy.","authors":"Gordon Barrett","doi":"10.1017/S0007087423000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087423000110","url":null,"abstract":"Joseph Needham occupies a central position in the historical narrative underpinning the most influential practitioner-derived definition of 'science diplomacy'. The brief biographical sketch produced by the Royal Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science sets Needham's activities in the Second World War as an exemplar of a science diplomacy. This article critically reconsiders Needham's wartime activities, shedding light on the roles played by photographs in those diplomatic activities and his onward dissemination of them as part of his self-fashioning. Images were important to the British biochemist, and he was an avid amateur photographer himself, amassing a unique collection of hundreds of images relating to science, technology and medicine in wartime China during his time working as director of the Sino-British Science Co-operation Office. These included ones produced by China's Nationalist Party-led government, and by the Chinese Communist Party. Focusing on these photographs, this article examines the way Joseph Needham used his experiences to underpin claims to authority which, together with the breadth of his networks, enabled him to establish himself as an international interlocutor. All three aspects formed essential parts of his science diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":"56 2","pages":"185-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10168279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Satellite images as tools of visual diplomacy: NASA's ozone hole visualizations and the Montreal Protocol negotiations. 卫星图像作为视觉外交的工具:美国宇航局的臭氧空洞可视化和蒙特利尔议定书谈判。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S000708742300002X

Sebastian V Grevsmühl, Régis Briday

{"title":"Satellite images as tools of visual diplomacy: NASA's ozone hole visualizations and the Montreal Protocol negotiations.","authors":"Sebastian V Grevsmühl, Régis Briday","doi":"10.1017/S000708742300002X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S000708742300002X","url":null,"abstract":"On 16 September 1987, the main chlorofluorocarbon-producing and -consuming countries signed the Montreal Protocol, despite the absence of a scientific consensus on the mechanisms of ozone depletion over Antarctica. We argue in this article that the rapid diffusion from late 1985 onwards of satellite images showing the Antarctic ozone hole played a significant role in this diplomatic outcome. Whereas negotiators claimed that they chose to deliberately ignore the Antarctic ozone hole during the negotiations since no theory was able yet to explain it, the images still loomed large for many of the actors involved. In Western countries, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) satellite visualizations were diffused through the general press and television stations. Other popular and mass media outlets followed quickly. In describing the circulation and appropriation processes of these images within and beyond the scientific and negotiation arenas, we show that the ozone hole images did play an important part in ozone diplomacy in the two years leading up to the signing of the Montreal Protocol, both in the expert and diplomatic arenas and as public diplomacy tools. We conclude by encouraging scholars to engage with new visual archives and to contribute to the development of the vibrant new field of research on visual diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":46655,"journal":{"name":"British Journal for the History of Science","volume":"56 2","pages":"247-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9778260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Showcasing the international atom: the IAEA Bulletin as a visual science diplomacy instrument, 1958-1962. 展示国际原子:作为视觉科学外交工具的原子能机构公报，1958-1962年。

IF 0.8 1区哲学

British Journal for the History of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0007087423000055

Matthew Adamson

引用次数: 0