{"title":"Social media and the new canon of use for social protest: The case of cutting hair to show solidarity with the women of Iran","authors":"Gwen Bouvier, Shangran Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2025.100867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2025.100867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social media platforms now play a major role in how societies debate social and political issues. Yet scholars have shown concern in regard to how the affordances of social media give form to such debate, shaping not only how we interact and engage with ideas, but also the very nature of the ideas themselves, notably where nuance becomes difficult and where bolder statements and shows of emotion are favored. In this paper, using Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis, we consider a trending feed from X in 2022, centred on the hashtag #MahsaAmini, which carried images of women cutting their hair in response to the death of a young woman in Iran at the hands of the security police. We reveal how the hashtag represents the highly complex situation in Iran through buzzwords and symbolism, and an ethnocentric discourse of gender empowerment. We explore how the affordances of social media as a material of communication have formed canons of use, or standardized social practices for social protest, where clear detail and purpose is lost behind collective moral display. Given that such hashtags can now have a leading role in agenda setting, this has consequences for the kinds of social and political discourses that come to occupy public space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Context in abusive language detection: On the interdependence of context and annotation of user comments","authors":"Holly Lopez, Sandra Kübler","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the challenges for automated abusive language detection is combating unintended bias, which can be easily introduced through the annotation process, especially when what is (not) considered abusive is subjective and heavily context dependent. Our study incorporates a fine-grained, socio-pragmatic perspective to data modeling by taking into consideration contextual elements that impact the quality of abusive language corpora. We use a fine-grained annotation scheme that distinguishes between different types of non-abuse along with explicit and implicit abuse. We include the following non-abusive categories: meta, casual profanity, argumentative language, irony, and non-abusive language. Experts and minimally trained annotators use this scheme to manually re-annotate instances originally considered abusive by crowdsourced annotators in a standard corpus. After re-annotation, we investigate discrepancies between experts and minimally trained annotators. Our investigation shows that minimally trained annotators have difficulty interpreting contextual aspects and distinguishing between content performing abuse and content about abuse or instances of casual profanity. It also demonstrates how missing information or contextualization cues are often a source of disagreement across all types of annotators and poses a significant challenge for developing robust, nuanced corpora and annotation guidelines for abusive language detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improbable conversations: Interactional dynamics in TikTok duets","authors":"Susan C. Herring, Ashley R. Dainas","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reciprocal conversational interaction is seemingly a logical impossibility on the asynchronous short-form video platform TikTok. Yet users overcome the constraints and affordances of the platform to create the appearance of synchronous interaction by co-opting the <em>duet</em> feature, which allows users to respond to a previously recorded video, generating a new video in which the original video (OV) and the response video (RV) are displayed side by side. We examine how TikTok duetters create the illusion of conversing together in real time by applying conversation analysis methods to a judgment sample of TikTok duets, with a focus on strategies of turn-taking and overlapping. OVs and RVs collaborate to various extents in co-constructing duet conversations; OVs by explicitly or implicitly inviting duets, and RVs by orienting to OVs through the positioning and timing of their responses. Through these interactional dynamics, duetters performatively evoke participant roles, personae, and situational contexts, while simultaneously pursuing broader communicative goals of entertaining and growing an audience of followers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"@Fesshole and the discourse of confession on X: A study of online sharing and community building","authors":"Andrew S. Ross , Aditi Bhatia","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a centuries-old discursive practice, confessional acts that are typically understood as an acceptance of one’s guilt or shame regarding a particular action or thought, have been observed and studied in various contexts including religion, law and crime, and medicine. However, the nature and practice of confessions have been increasingly reconfigured within newer, evolving digital media contexts. Social media platforms, such as X (formerly Twitter), have afforded users diverse ways to interact and engage in self-presentation online. The growing need to build and be part of communities, as well as reconceptualised notions of trust, intimacy and authenticity online, facilitated by mechanics of social media platforms and user anonymity have altered conventional notions of confession and absolution. This paper explores the reconfiguration of confessional acts by analysing a corpus of posts submitted to the X account @fesshole, which solicits confessions from its community of followers in a non-institutional, public online context. We analyse the posts by borrowing from van Dijk’s (2015) socio-cognitive model<!--> <!-->for analysis of discourse, which focuses on the micro and macro levels on which cognition mediates in terms of socially shared norms and ideologies within and across discursive communities. The results of the analysis suggest that X users establish rapport through confessions of an intra- and interpersonal nature about topics of varying degrees of seriousness and in ways that give the ambient online audience something to relate to and connect with. In doing so, confessors seek to bond in place of absolution, and they offer inspiration or commonality in place of guilt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Address terms in Chinese popular music fandom: Exploring stancetaking in social media discourses","authors":"Xinyu Li, Mie Hiramoto","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs the theoretical approaches of stance and indexicality to investigate female fans’ address practices regarding male Chinese pop idols in the fans’ posts on Sina Weibo. Some address terms echo traditional heteronormative romantic paradigms (e.g., husband (idol)–wife (fan)) or non-romantic familial bonds (e.g., son (idol)–mother (fan)). Other address terms subvert traditional gender roles and relationships through unorthodox uses, which still evoke intimacy by placing the male idols in a female position in imagined relationships (e.g., wife (idol)–husband (fan), daughter (idol)–mother (fan)). Theoretically, this study contributes to the theorisation of stance by proposing a specific type of second stancetaker ‘collective ingroup stance subject’ that is a broad audience sharing the same stance as the first stance subject.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauri Heimo , Pertti Alasuutari , Laia Pi Ferrer , Olga Ulybina
{"title":"Evoking ‘other countries’ in media discourses: The case of the Covid-19 pandemic in six countries","authors":"Lauri Heimo , Pertti Alasuutari , Laia Pi Ferrer , Olga Ulybina","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic did not only imply a spread of a virus, it also set in motion a series of global measures and discourses that likewise diffused worldwide. This article explores the global dissemination of knowledge and cross-national comparisons in the context of a global pandemic. We approach the question by analysing coverage of COVID-19 in newspapers published in Australia, Russia, Singapore, Tanzania, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The analysis reveals that the concept of the world uniting against a common enemy, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, was absent from media coverage. Instead, the prevalent discourse centered around competition between states. However, this article argues that this does not imply that the world is divided into distinct cultures with divergent views or understandings of reality. Rather, we argue that the pandemic led to the formation of a discursive field consisting of the reference points that constitute sensible and legitimate ways to discuss potential policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Queer(ing) language practices in a Hong Kong lesbian dating app","authors":"Benedict J.L. Rowlett , Kwan Ting Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proliferation of social networking websites and dating apps has led to new language practices that foster intimacy and inspire romance. While several language studies have examined gay men’s use of dating apps, studies of lesbian dating apps have been scarce, particularly in non-Western contexts. To explore the relationship between digital media and lesbian dating practices in Hong Kong, this study examines how a forum on the social media app <em>Butterfly</em> facilitates the discursive construction and negotiation of Hong Kong lesbian sexual identities, both in users’ self-representations and preferences for desired others. The research uses a mixed method approach rooted in queer linguistics to combine quantitative and qualitative analyses of a corpus of 241 forum posts. The analysis reveals the common use of local identity labels, including relationship role labels such as “Tomboy” (TB) and “Tomboy’s girl” (TBG), along with other identity markers. However, the analysis also reveals users’ preferences for more neutral, or non-gender specific labels in the presentation of their sexual identities and those of their desired others, for example “No label” (NL). This research thus sheds light on how users may be making use of the app’s forum to question established, or more traditional local linguistic markers of gender/sexual identity, indicating queering trends in discourses of Hong Kong lesbian identities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The interaction of technological affordances and user preferences: A corpus-based study of graphic features across Twitter and Discord","authors":"Jenia Yudytska","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the influence of communication device on linguistic variation across two levels of scale. Drawing on the notion of affordances (<span><span>Hutchby, 2001</span></span>), it explores how technological differences between the computer and smartphone may shape, without ultimately determining, the use of graphic features. To do so, the empirical study uses the methodological approach of ‘scaling down’ the analysis of two features across device types: first letter capitalisation and emoji. The first step of analysis is purely quantitative, focusing on linguistic variation in a corpus of a million messages from Twitter (now X). The second step of analysis uses quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the same features within several thousand messages, by two known participants, across the platforms Twitter and Discord. Thus, the study integrates initial results from a large, anonymous corpus with a much smaller but more detailed one. Overall, device affordances are found to influence feature use; however, statistical tendencies regarding variation across device type do not necessarily hold true for each dimension of context or individual. The combination of different scales thus leads to a more thorough understanding of the influence of technology on linguistic variation<!--> <!-->and its limits in favour of contextual factors and individual preferences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital facilitation-as-a-process: The mismatch between promotional text and situated interaction","authors":"Elina Salomaa","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines facilitation-as-a-process, which is characterized by its aims to challenge the traditional top-down leadership formats by empowering employees to achieve their goals without control. In this sense, the idea of facilitation reflects the ideologies of the New Work Order. By looking at both a promotional website of a digital platform and the use of this platform in situated interaction, the study shows how these ideologies are (re)constructed in and through promotional texts and how the claims are or are not enacted in actual in-situ interaction in two organizations. Drawing on critical discursive psychology and the distinction of Discourses (big-D) and discourse (little-d), it is first shown that New Work Order ideals are reconstructed on the website by relying on two key Discourses: The Discourse of Empowerment and the Discourse of Textualization. Secondly, using authentic chat discussions from two organizations, it is shown that the organizations do not orient to these ideologies presented on the website, but rather maintain and reproduce more traditional patterns of interaction, similar to, for example, classroom interaction. In this respect, the study shows how the promise of changing the traditional leadership formats and empowering employees, as presented in the facilitation literature and the platform’s promotional texts, remains purely ideological.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspectivization in the thematic exploration of atypical depressive self-talk in an unmanaged online depression community on Weibo","authors":"Yating Chen, Charity Lee, Pei Soo Ang","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unmanaged online depression communities (ODCs), which are self-formed without managers or professional support groups, are characterized by negative emotional sharing that is often context-absent and highly self-attentional. The atypical features of emotional narratives pose challenges for examining the communities’ communication patterns and themes of sensemaking. This study explores some methodological perspectives for conducting a thematic analysis of the mundane, fragmented, and uncontextualized emotions related to depression in the largest unmanaged ODC in Weibo, named ‘Zoufan’. By adopting the small stories research paradigm from narrative analysis and incorporating the concept of perspectivization, this study offers an in-depth thematic and narrative analysis of depressive self-talk online. It first identifies three salient theme clusters – ‘punishment’, ‘deprivation’, and ‘failure’ – to reveal how the ‘Zoufan’ members conceptualize their lived experience with depressive episodes, and then maps the theme clusters with the commenters’ passive, powerless, and paradoxical perspectivization of the self in their narratives. Methodologically, the study underscores the effectiveness of small stories research in the thematic exploration of atypical depressive self-talk on social media. Practically, it provides insights for mental health professionals, educators, parents, and other stakeholders to better understand depressive self-talk in the context of Weibo.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}