{"title":"Woman/life/freedom: The social semiotics behind the 2022 Iranian protest movement","authors":"Dariush Izadi , Stephanie Dryden","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modern day protest movements consist of demands for social action to address entrenched issues such as government leadership and long-standing traditions and values. Driven by an initiating event that incites a collective societal outburst and mobilisation, protestors engage a range of linguistic and semiotic expressions to challenge existing discourses, increasingly platforming these messages globally through the intersection of digital technology and online social networks. The 2022 demonstrations in Iran under the protest banner Woman, Life, Freedom emerged as characteristic of modern social and political movements. Sparked by a widely circulated video showing 22-year-old Mahsa Amini collapsing in a Tehran classroom after being arrested for “improper” hijab wearing, these protests utilised social media to swiftly disseminate related content. This study examines a diverse range of protest signage shared on social media that conveys these protestors’ messages. We employ the concept of “mediational means” from mediated discourse analysis to explore the linguistic and semiotic resources employed during these protests. Our analysis draws from a corpus of protest images and digital ethnographic accounts, investigating how these resources were harnessed to challenge prevailing societal norms, particularly regarding gender and its intersections with ethnicity. We assert that the semiotic processes involved in creating and disseminating protest signage not only galvanised participants during the protests but also contributed to the formation and reinforcement of a “new” identity among the demonstrators. This newly forged identity carries profound implications not only for gender dynamics but also for broader aspects of identity within Iranian society and potentially on a global scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000497/pdfft?md5=7f452e1d1b911d8a82e9e92635800754&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000497-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141934486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bargaining in Chinese livestream sales events","authors":"Shiyu Liu , Juliane House , Dániel Z. Kádár","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we examine practices of bargaining in Chinese livestream sales events. In such livestreams, the host, usually an Internet celebrity, invites a company representative to advertise a product for the customers who are usually fans of the host. Following the promotion, the host is expected to bargain with the seller to reduce the price of the item for the customers. We approach livestream bargaining as a ritual practice in which ostensible aggression is tolerated. We capture the conventional interactional features of bargaining as strategies. We also compare livestream bargaining strategies with face-to-face ones, which allows us to capture how cyberspace affects Chinese bargaining practices. Our outcomes fill a knowledge gap because in pragmatics little attention has been devoted to bargaining in Chinese livestream sales events, even though bargaining is an important tradition in Chinese social interaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000333/pdfft?md5=3d5920fde071cf3d43b186544e775472&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000333-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vlogger, storyteller or character? Chronotopic identity shifts and multimodal resources in COVID-19 vlogs","authors":"Anna De Fina , Jungyoon Koh","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vlogs, as one of the most popular digital genres for the construction of personal experience, are an important site for the study of digital storytelling. Although the narration of ongoing events is becoming increasingly common in vlogs, narration of past events is still present. As they incorporate both storytelling modes, vloggers also act as editors curating and commenting on their materials. Thus, vloggers are presented with the task of transitioning between different chronotopic identities as characters, storytellers, and vloggers in their narratives. Research has shown that vloggers are judged based on perceived authenticity and credibility, as well as their ability to involve viewers, therefore managing these self-presentations is complex in view of the above requirements which have to be met if vloggers want to attain greater popularity. Drawing on a corpus of 47 YouTube vlogs documenting vloggers’ experiences of COVID-19, we analyze how vloggers transition between these chronotopic identities, and describe such transitions according to a dual system of categorization based on the chronotopes involved in the transitions and their function. We find that vloggers shift focus between their roles as vlogger, storyteller, and character through the use of multimodal resources such as captions, overlaid media, and camera movement, and in doing so, address the demands that they need to meet in order to gain followers by presenting themselves as competent, credible, and engaging content creators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141241938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing blame for racism in broadcast media","authors":"Jessica S. Robles , Yarong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How do people negotiate blame for racism? In this article we focus on how participants manage the blameworthiness of racism—as a problem in society, and in relation to specific racist incidents—by scrutinising how sources of racism are formulated in broadcast media. This research develops our understanding of how racism is constructed in society as well as how blame functions to allocate responsibility to different parties. By examining racism as a conversational topic and blaming as a social action, our analysis develops important research into how racism is understood at this time in history and considers what the consequences might be of how blame is allocated for it.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100785"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221169582400031X/pdfft?md5=16af10693bf79654e835357de8a4da8b&pid=1-s2.0-S221169582400031X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The presentation of self via everyday vlogging: Analyzing everyday vlogs of Korean expatriates","authors":"Hanwool Choe","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drawing on research about constructing identities through self-presentation (De Fina & Georgakopoulou, 2012) and Bamberg’s (2011a, b) sameness and difference, I demonstrate how Korean expatriates employ vlogging strategies to construct and present everyday self, especially vis-à-vis viewers. To do so, I analyze 27 daily vlogs of Korean expatriates living in Hong Kong, New York, and Tokyo. The vloggers present the mundanity of everyday life, using chronological organization, quick scene transitions, micro-details, and “historical present” (Wolfson, 1979). These vlogging strategies, I argue, create alignment with viewers, signaling that “my daily life is just like yours.” Simultaneously, the vloggers make everyday vlogs engaging and entertaining through offering explanatory notes and not providing translation of what is being spoken, especially when they present foreign city lives, cultures, and languages they experience by virtue of living abroad, to signal “my daily life is different from yours.” Everyday vlogging of Korean expatriates, as a type of “lifestreaming” (Marwick 2013), involves meaning making and identity construction processes through which Korean expatriates skillfully exert and express agency in (ab)normalizing their expatriate self and life, in connection to others, and thus achieve self-legitimacy and -empowerment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000308/pdfft?md5=2b5149e8e882210da098ac9c9c8e61b4&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discursive blame attribution strategies in migration news frames: How blame for perceived migration-related problems is mediated in journalistic framing","authors":"Sandra Simonsen","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Public debates are rife with overt blame attributions—the explicit assignment of moral responsibility for problems in society to individuals and groups. The present study develops a framework for identifying discursive blame attribution strategies in the journalistic mediation of problems through the use of causality construction, which enables an understanding of how blame is attributed implicitly. I draw on a qualitative and quantitative discourse analysis of migration frames to distinguish three types of perceived migration-related problems: security-based, economic, and cultural. I make a further distinction based on whether these problems are causally explained by: (1) reference to migrants’ alleged culture and religion or (2) the socioeconomic conditions they experience in the recipient country. The study advances our understanding of blame attribution by drawing attention to the subtle ways groups are held responsible for problems in society through journalistic mediation processes and how context influences mediated blame attribution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100772"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000187/pdfft?md5=d238ed2aebf5b6c075389661db1f5795&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140348337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multimodal expression of impoliteness in YouTube reaction videos to transgender activism","authors":"Marta Andersson","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the genre of YouTube reaction videos as a distinct form of cultural production and social influence in online communication. Despite its prevalence and popularity, the genre has received limited scholarly attention, particularly with regard to reactions to ideological activism. This paper aims to fill this gap by conducting a social semiotic discourse analysis of videos reviewing the activism of transgender community on TikTok. The analysis demonstrates how intersecting non-verbal and technologically enabled modes, such as gaze, gestures, facial expressions, and various audio-visual effects, contribute to the expression of impoliteness arising from a sense of superiority over the target, shared with non-targeted viewers. Overall, the paper provides insights into the dynamics of online culture wars and the multimodal manifestations of impoliteness in contemporary social media discourse.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000060/pdfft?md5=8a152ed96b40e4b4777dffce14b811bf&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000060-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140535999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Othering through blame: The EU as the blame target in the UK government’s post-Brexit rhetoric","authors":"Monika Brusenbauch Meislová","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article uniquely illustrates the intricate and complex dynamics between blame and the othering process. It does so by unearthing how the British Conservative government, led by Boris Johnson, systematically used blame to reproductively depict the EU, <em>ex negativo</em>, as the “other” to the British “self” between 1 January 2021 (the end of the transition period) and 6 September 2022 (the end of Johnson’s tenure as prime minister). The study works with a comprehensive dataset of the UK government’s official pronouncements on the EU and Brexit collected from <span>Gov.uk</span><svg><path></path></svg> (the official government website) and Hansard (the official resource documenting British parliamentary proceedings), as the very points of origin for mediation, which were then often disseminated, interpreted and amplified by the media. Drawing on Hansson’s typology of blame avoidance strategies and Krzyżanowski’s operationalisation of the discourse historical approach, due attention is paid to the topical structure of blame discourse and its underlying discursive strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140309886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}