{"title":"Surveillance at the (inter)face: A nexus analysis","authors":"Rodney H. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper discusses how facial recognition technology is changing the way interfaces are designed for digital surveillance. Drawing on work in mediated discourse analysis, it argues that interfaces for surveillance (as well as digital interfaces more generally) should be understood as <em>sites of engagement</em> where particular texts, bodies, social relationships, and social practices come together to make surveillance possible. To illustrate this framework, I analyse the controversial facial recognition service PimEyes, exploring how the ‘discourses in place’ on the PimEyes website, the ‘interaction orders’ it makes possible, and the ‘historical bodies’ that users bring to the site work together to lure users into using the service and contribute to the normalisation of digital surveillance using facial recognition. This paper contributes not just to our understanding of surveillance, but also to our understanding of digital interfaces more generally by showing how they function to enable new kinds of social identities, social relationships and social practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transmodal messenger interaction–Analysing the sequentiality of text and audio postings in WhatsApp chats","authors":"Katharina König","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emerging field of digital conversation analysis is concerned with the study of practices with which participants accomplish shared meaning in different forms of digital communication. Methodologically, it is rooted in the sequential analysis of their coordinated conduct in digital environments, which takes into account the ways in which interlocutors make use of the semiotic resources the platforms provide. Based on messenger chats with text and voice messages from the <em>Mobile Communication Database</em> (MoCoDa) and a private collection, the paper develops the notion of ‘transmodal interaction’ as a new conceptual perspective on the microanalysis of temporally unfolding digital communication while also discussing methodological challenges the sequential integration of speech and writing poses to methods of data collection and processing. Subsequently, the paper showcases an interactional analysis of practices for introducing text and audio postings to transmodal discourse, which shows that voice messages are designed as rather personal postings participants can choose to contribute but which are rarely made relevant explicitly. Thus, a sequential perspective on transmodal messenger interaction offers valuable insights into participants’ perception of the semiotic potentials associated with different contribution modalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100818"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The femininization of AI-powered voice assistants: Personification, anthropomorphism and discourse ideologies","authors":"Maria Grazia Sindoni","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intelligent Voice Assistants (IVAs), such as Amazon Alexa, Apple Siri, Microsoft Cortana, and Google Assistant, have been mainstreamed as female by default, through voices, avatars, colour palette, and conversational cues. Even though tech companies tend to justify this systematic feminization on customers’ preferences, the ingrained gender biases have been raising concerns about the normalization of gendered, abusive, and toxic discourse practices.</div><div>In this paper, a multimodal critical discourse approach, combined with feminist philosophy, and notions of ‘digital domesticity’ will be applied to analyse examples of IVA’s coded responses, as well as personification and anthropomorphic conversational cues. The analysis aims to uncover the companies’ hidden ideologies as they emerge from coded (i.e., pre-established) conversational practices (i.e., what IVAs are expected to say to engage users) in response to users’ prompts that gender, sexualize, and ultimately harass IVAs – a practice that hard-wires women and subservience. The paper seeks to advance understanding of the intersection of design interface of IVAs with reference to the ideological gendering of IVAs, actively pursued by companies to increase user engagement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scaling as method: A three-stage, mixed-methods approach to digital discourse analysis","authors":"Jannis Androutsopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drawing on research on graphic contextualization cues in punctuation and typography, this paper describes a three-stage, mixed-methods approach to digital discourse analysis. It introduces the terms ‘scale’ and ‘scaling’ as methodological metaphors for a researcher’s planned, yet contingent movement through formations of digital textual data that differ in terms of volume, method of collection, processing, and analysis. ‘Scaling-as-method’ aims to replace static binaries (such as ‘micro’ and ‘macro’, ‘small’ and ‘big’ data, ‘manual’ and ‘automated’ processing) by the vision of a researcher who shifts their degree of abstraction, or ‘distance’, towards digital data, while moving from close to distant reading and back again. The paper exemplifies this three-stage process on the example of the indignation mark, aka <!!1>, a twist on the iterated exclamation mark that is attested in digital discourse in various languages as a cue of double-voicing. The explorative examination of a small dataset (Stage 1) leads to the computational collection and distributional analysis of a much larger dataset (‘scaling up’, Stage 2), followed by the manual annotation of a selected subset of this data (‘scaling down’, Stage 3). Each stage draws on a different amount of data, which enables different techniques of processing and analysis, and relies on a specific combination of abductive, deductive, and inductive reasoning. Yet all three stages complement one another in a kaleidoscopic way towards understanding connections between punctuation practices and participatory political discourse online. Scaling as method is not a closed recipe, but an adaptable procedure that can be applied to a variety of discrete digital features. It does not aim to replace established methods of computational social media analysis, but to boost research that is predominantly based on the manual collection and annotation of social media data, and to enables a dialogue between multiple understandings of context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sharing second stories in online comforting interactions","authors":"Wei Ren, Yufei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Online sharing has emerged as a pivotal means for individuals, particularly those facing challenges, to seek support. This study investigates how second stories are employed to comfort original posters in online support groups. Data were collected from two distinct online support groups, related to exam failures and relationship issues respectively, on the Chinese social media platform <em>Douban</em>, with 100 interactive segments from each group. We also examine whether thematic contexts shape the types and perspectives of second stories. The findings identified three types of second stories in the online comforting interactions, namely aligned, prospective, and divergent second stories. Netizens shared their personal experiences much more frequently than the experiences of others in their second stories, and the themes of the online groups significantly influenced the choices and perspectives of the second stories. In addition, the study details the dynamics of interactions between the original posters and those who replied, highlighting a spectrum of engagement levels from single responses to circular, linear, and multi-party interactions. These findings demonstrate the adaptive and context-sensitive nature of sharing second stories online in providing targeted emotional support within digital communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technography as a synergetic methodology for the study of stories","authors":"Alex Georgakopoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100801","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000473/pdfft?md5=6677209c230dbf1a4ff0e0e62108c812&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000473-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"People incorrectly correcting other people: The pragmatics of (re-)corrections and their negotiation in a Facebook group","authors":"Karina Frick , Dimitrios Meletis","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In highly standardized literate cultures, orthographic norms are perceived as socially binding, giving rise to negative evaluations of ‘incorrect’ writing, i.e., writing that deviates from the norm. This is evident in prescriptive practices in interactions on social media including direct corrections of a deviance (*you’re) or comments more or less implicitly referring to it (“would be great if you knew how to spell”). In this study, we focus on a special type of corrections and the reactions to them: incorrect corrections. They are often corrected in so-called re-corrections, which frequently give rise to entire chains of corrections and comments that reflect diverse practices and attitudes both shaped by and towards normativity. By conducting an exploratory case study, we investigate (meta-)pragmatic strategies of stancetaking – such as mocking or doing being an expert – as well as their negotiation in (re-)corrections. Specifically, we focus on three posts taken from the public Facebook group <em>People Incorrectly Correcting Other People</em> consisting of, on the one hand, decontextualized screenshots showing an incorrect correction and ensuing re-corrections framed by the reaction of the poster posting them to the group. On the other hand, given the large number of group members, they include a myriad of additional comments discussing (re-)corrections at a meta-level. Our analysis suggests that re-correcting serves to criticize not a mistake but the positioning of correctors as superior. Thus, it implicitly challenges the normativity of standard language ideologies by exposing the hypocrisy of prescriptive practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211695824000503/pdfft?md5=87a794a9c9bc5c8d30ea20d4f2624791&pid=1-s2.0-S2211695824000503-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141985535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Yu haf no idr how feckin fablus I feel rite now”: “Wine mom” humour in an online support group for mothers during COVID-19","authors":"Vincent Wai Sum Tse , Olga Zayts-Spence","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the “wine mom” phenomenon exploded in online spaces. This paper examines “wine mom” discourse in a Facebook support group for mothers in Hong Kong. We define the “wine mom” as a humorous memetic resource. It is culturally recognisable and associated with women’s (including mothers’) drinking. Drawing on 30 “wine mom” threads from the support group, we use interactional sociolinguistics and multimodal discourse analysis to examine humour performance and humour support in the data. We identify a range of linguistic and multimodal strategies that the support group members use to construct and respond to “wine mom” humour. A focus on particularly popular threads demonstrates that the members playfully blend advice-giving with genres such as breaking news. Humorous advice centres on various COVID-19-related practices and realities, including quarantining and self-testing. We discuss how by joking about wine and drinking, the women do more than being humorous: they build rapport and solidarity, and provide support to each other during the pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221169582400062X/pdfft?md5=a6905a10ad7b3d9f44761a281233905b&pid=1-s2.0-S221169582400062X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Zhuge Kongming becomes reborn as a clownish partygoer!”: Linguistic carnivalization, critical metapragmatics of danmu, and mediatized neoliberal (inter)subjectivity","authors":"Zhixin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Chinese video-sharing platform of bilibili experiences a ‘Kongming fever’, wherein danmu commenters collectively parodize the historical figure Zhuge Kongming, a pre-existing indexical of Confucianist value beliefs institutionalized by the official authority. Drawing upon Bakhtinian carnivalesque (‘free and familiar contact’ and ‘parodic profanation’), the present study proposes the analytical framework of ‘linguistic carnivalization’ as a <em>critical</em> metapragmatic approach (i.e., subjectivity-oriented). The multimodal analysis of danmu comments reveals how digital users appropriate multiple semiotic resources to construct carnivalesque, including vulgar linguistic varieties from media culture, netspeak genre, poetic patterns of textual repetition, and inversive sign vehicles and rescripting. As a discursive-affective effect of such carnivalization processes, Kongming’s ‘serious’ Confucianist personae and indexed ideological expectations become playfully mediatized, profaned, and transformed into new images of personhood (‘livestreaming microcelebrity’ and ‘hedonic partygoer’) according to mass popular culture. In so doing, the Chinese netizens metapragmatically negotiate existing sociocultural hierarchies and reposition themselves as neoliberal subjects. This paper further suggests that the ‘inside-out’ and ‘down-to-earth’ power of linguistic carnivalization does not simply reside in creating aesthetic humor within a local cybercommunity, but importantly owns critical implications for illuminating variegated forms of neoliberal discourse and (re)production of neoliberal subjectivity under large-scale political economic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“A strong diewei” – A critical investigation of gendered neological metaphors on Weibo","authors":"Luoxiangyu Zhang, Yuxuan Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcm.2024.100805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contributing to the growing literature on discursive strategies against male-dominated gender discourse in the Chinese digital space (e.g., Chen and Gong, 2023), this study investigates a popular neological metaphor – <em>diewei</em> (“爹味” − literally, a smell of father, figuratively, a sense of fatherhood) coined by Chinese microblogging users on Weibo. Similar to mansplaining in English, <em>diewei</em> was originally adopted to describe men’s patronizing, condescending, and overconfident speech style (Bridges, 2017). Drawing on the cultural reference to Chinese fatherhood, <em>diewei</em> represents irony against the authoritative role of the father privileged by patrilineal Chinese family ethics, employed to evaluate others’ overbearing speech styles, attitudes, and behaviors. From a dataset of 198 Weibo posts, we identified three strategic adoptions of <em>diewei</em> based on linguistic and communicative functions. These include (1) markers of masculine essence, (2) metapragmatic commentaries, and (3) personal labels. We then adopt critical discourse analysis (CDA) to explore how gender relationships are discursively produced, represented, and resisted in the <em>diewei</em> discourse through the above adoptions. Our findings suggest that <em>diewei</em> instantiates the pragmatic expansion of gendered metaphors at the expense of dominant masculinity, constituting feminist irony against the authoritative fatherhood in China’s digital space.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46649,"journal":{"name":"Discourse Context & Media","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142007140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}