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The union default: Free-riding solutions 工会违约：搭便车解决方案
IF 1.6
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12426
Professor Mark Harcourt, Professor Gregor Gall, Professor Margaret Wilson
{"title":"The union default: Free-riding solutions","authors":"Professor Mark Harcourt,&nbsp;Professor Gregor Gall,&nbsp;Professor Margaret Wilson","doi":"10.1111/irj.12426","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A union default would empower unions to extend membership and representation to nonunion employers but still allow workers to opt-out and, thereby, free-ride. Though most workers would retain membership, free-riding could still undermine a default. First, propensity to maintain membership is likely to vary, leaving some sectors with too few members for viable, effective representation. Second, public goods research suggests free-riding increases over time when already extant. Third, expectations of widespread future free-riding could discourage workers from recruiting the minimum number of workers necessary to attain the default. We test two solutions—all employees being required to pay union fees or employers paying union fees—to these challenges, examining effects on intention to retain membership and support for a default. We find both have positive impacts upon reducing free-riding.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 4","pages":"267-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Against the tide: A case of industrial relations transformation in the Indian coal sector 逆流而上：印度煤炭行业劳资关系转型案例
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12425
Surendra Babu Talluri, Girish Balasubramanian, Santanu Sarkar
{"title":"Against the tide: A case of industrial relations transformation in the Indian coal sector","authors":"Surendra Babu Talluri,&nbsp;Girish Balasubramanian,&nbsp;Santanu Sarkar","doi":"10.1111/irj.12425","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although the scholarly debate on industrial relations (IR) transformation is inclined toward the conclusion that the IR transformation is bound to take place with changes in the surrounding business environment, we observe a few exceptions in each economy. The current study investigates one of such curious IR contexts, that is, the Indian coal sector. We rely on the ‘logic of the action’ framework and the IR transformation measures to assess the sector at an aggregate and micro level. The coal sector in India consists of a mix of both permanent and informal workforce. With respect to the permanent workforce, we analysed the collective bargaining agreements spanned over five decades (1975–2021). For the informal workforce, we analysed the recommendations of the HPC on wages and working conditions, the provisions of relevant legislation, internal circulars of coal companies and important judicial pronouncements. Our analyses revealed vast differences in wages and working conditions between the permanent and informal workforce. Despite a significant decline in the permanent workforce, they could negotiate better terms as the growing size of the informal workforce was yet to form a collective bargaining mechanism for better wages and working conditions. These results are indicative of a paradox which needs to be explored further. Our study advances the thesis of adaptive state capitalism in the coal sector through functional and numerical flexibility despite a politicised multi-union model in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 3","pages":"240-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trade unions, refugees and immigrant labour: Has the attitude changed? The stance of Swedish blue-collar trade unions as evidenced by sentiment analysis 工会、难民和移民劳工：态度转变了吗？情绪分析显示的瑞典蓝领工会的立场
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12424
Aliaksei Kazlou, Lin Lerpold, Örjan Sjöberg
{"title":"Trade unions, refugees and immigrant labour: Has the attitude changed? The stance of Swedish blue-collar trade unions as evidenced by sentiment analysis","authors":"Aliaksei Kazlou,&nbsp;Lin Lerpold,&nbsp;Örjan Sjöberg","doi":"10.1111/irj.12424","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12424","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The attitude of trade unions towards migration and migrants, be it of asylum seekers or those in search of jobs and better incomes, differs substantially across European countries. No matter the original stance, a common current pattern is that of the willingness to accept migrants being eroded over time. To see whether this is the case also in a country that both proved welcoming to labour migrants and refugees during the opening decades of the new millennium, we set out to explore the attitudes of blue-collar trade unions in Sweden. Based on a diverse set of material issuing from the unions themselves, we use sentiment analysis to assess whether there are any changes to be discerned in the opinions of the representatives of 12 blue-collar trade unions and their national confederation. At its most general, the trend appears to turn more negative over time, yet the influence of defining events and legal changes is not so easily observed at the aggregate level. The union representing workers in the industry with the largest proportion of immigrant labour, the Hotel and Restaurant Workers' Union, is therefore selected for closer analysis. To the extent that changes can, or cannot, be observed, we relate those to major events and policy changes that have taken place over the 2010s.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 3","pages":"222-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electronic monitoring of working time and labour market outcomes: Evidence from Brazil 工作时间和劳动力市场结果的电子监控：巴西的证据
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12423
Ísis F. Lira, Laura de Carvalho Schiavon, Ricardo da Silva Freguglia
{"title":"Electronic monitoring of working time and labour market outcomes: Evidence from Brazil","authors":"Ísis F. Lira,&nbsp;Laura de Carvalho Schiavon,&nbsp;Ricardo da Silva Freguglia","doi":"10.1111/irj.12423","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study analyses the dynamics of registered firms after implementing a new law (2009) in the Brazilian labour market. The law proposed the electronic monitoring of working time to provide more efficiency and security by standardizing the equipment used for control and avoiding manipulation. As stricter monitoring may increase costs, this paper seeks to analyse whether there have been changes in the dynamics of firms adapting to the new regulation. There are two potential mechanisms as a reference: increasing wages and decreasing workers (or contracted hours), and increasing labour force and decreasing contracted hours per worker (and therefore the monthly wage). Using Brazilian employee–employer data and the difference-in-differences approach as an empirical strategy, our main findings suggest that firms that adapt to the new electronic workday control had a general reduction in the number of hours hired, an increase in wages for companies with 10–50 employees and a decrease in workplace accidents in firms with 50 or more employees.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 3","pages":"205-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of the socio-demographic factors on judgement building in arbitration 社会人口因素对建立仲裁判断力的影响
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12422
Maziar Jafary, Jules Carrière
{"title":"The effects of the socio-demographic factors on judgement building in arbitration","authors":"Maziar Jafary,&nbsp;Jules Carrière","doi":"10.1111/irj.12422","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines how the socio-demographic characteristics of arbitrators and of plaintiffs affect arbitrators' judgement bases for arbitration decisions. Two research questions are tested quantitatively based on a data set of arbitration decisions in the Canadian university sector collected from the website of the Canadian Legal Information Institute. We created two models of independent variables related to the socio-demographic characteristics of arbitrators and plaintiffs. Multinomial logistic regression is used to examine the possible impacts of these variables on the justifications used by arbitrators to explain their decisions. The results indicate that both models significantly influence how arbitrators justify their arbitral decisions. The following variables significantly contribute to the models: <i>arbitrator's age, arbitrator's professional experience in management, plaintiff's gender</i>, and <i>support of the plaintiff by a collective entity (union or association)</i>. Young arbitrators are more likely to use “laws” and those who have professional experience in management tend to cite “evidence” to justify their arbitral decisions. Also, arbitrators are more likely to use “evidence” as their judgement basis for male plaintiffs who are supported by a collective entity. The details of these findings, limitations of the study, and future directions for research are further discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 3","pages":"185-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Employee well-being outcomes from individual-level mental health interventions: Cross-sectional evidence from the United Kingdom 个人层面的心理健康干预措施对员工幸福感的影响：来自英国的横截面证据
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12418
William J. Fleming
{"title":"Employee well-being outcomes from individual-level mental health interventions: Cross-sectional evidence from the United Kingdom","authors":"William J. Fleming","doi":"10.1111/irj.12418","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12418","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Initiatives that promote mental well-being are formally recommended for all British workers, with many practices targeting change in individual workers' resources. While the existing evidence is generally positive about these interventions, disagreement is increasing because of concerns that individual-level interventions do not engage with working conditions. Contributing to the debate, this article uses survey data (<i>N</i> = 46,336 workers in 233 organisations) to compare participants and nonparticipants in a range of common individual-level well-being interventions, including resilience training, mindfulness and well-being apps. Across multiple subjective well-being indicators, participants appear no better off. Results are interpreted through the job demands–resources theory and selection bias in cross-sectional results is interrogated. Overall, results suggest interventions are not providing additional or appropriate resources in response to job demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 2","pages":"162-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The unlikely success of coordinated bargaining in a liberal market economy: The case of Ireland 自由市场经济中的协调谈判不太可能成功：爱尔兰的案例
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12420
Valentina Paolucci, William K. Roche
{"title":"The unlikely success of coordinated bargaining in a liberal market economy: The case of Ireland","authors":"Valentina Paolucci,&nbsp;William K. Roche","doi":"10.1111/irj.12420","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper challenges the prevailing view of the negative impact of collective bargaining decentralisation on trade unions in liberal market economies. It uses quantitative and in-depth company cases from four major sectors in Ireland, to explain how unions have effectively established bargaining coordination following the global financial crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 2","pages":"141-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On SOCP-based disjunctive cuts for solving a class of integer bilevel nonlinear programs. 基于SOCP的非连续切分法求解一类整数双层非线性程序。
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10107-023-01965-1
Elisabeth Gaar, Jon Lee, Ivana Ljubić, Markus Sinnl, Kübra Tanınmış
{"title":"On SOCP-based disjunctive cuts for solving a class of integer bilevel nonlinear programs.","authors":"Elisabeth Gaar, Jon Lee, Ivana Ljubić, Markus Sinnl, Kübra Tanınmış","doi":"10.1007/s10107-023-01965-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10107-023-01965-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We study a class of integer bilevel programs with second-order cone constraints at the upper-level and a convex-quadratic objective function and linear constraints at the lower-level. We develop disjunctive cuts (DCs) to separate bilevel-infeasible solutions using a second-order-cone-based cut-generating procedure. We propose DC separation strategies and consider several approaches for removing redundant disjunctions and normalization. Using these DCs, we propose a branch-and-cut algorithm for the problem class we study, and a cutting-plane method for the problem variant with only binary variables. We present an extensive computational study on a diverse set of instances, including instances with binary and with integer variables, and instances with a single and with multiple linking constraints. Our computational study demonstrates that the proposed enhancements of our solution approaches are effective for improving the performance. Moreover, both of our approaches outperform a state-of-the-art generic solver for mixed-integer bilevel linear programs that is able to solve a linearized version of our binary instances.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10107-023-01965-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"8 1","pages":"91-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11269360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85316400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Earnings inequality and the expansion of care services in the United States, 1985–2019 1985-2019 年美国收入不平等与护理服务的扩展
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12419
Leila Gautham, Nancy Folbre, Kristin Smith
{"title":"Earnings inequality and the expansion of care services in the United States, 1985–2019","authors":"Leila Gautham,&nbsp;Nancy Folbre,&nbsp;Kristin Smith","doi":"10.1111/irj.12419","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Earnings in care services are lower than in other industries, particularly among professional and managerial employees, and are more compressed than in other industries. The growth of primarily female employment in care services since the 1980s has buffered overall increases in wage inequality while slowing convergence in the gender wage differential.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 2","pages":"119-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Never cross the red line? Analysing employment relations practices and the behaviour of front-line managers in Chinese McDonald's stores 绝不越过红线？分析中国麦当劳店的雇佣关系实践和一线经理的行为
IF 1.4
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1111/irj.12417
Wei Wei
{"title":"Never cross the red line? Analysing employment relations practices and the behaviour of front-line managers in Chinese McDonald's stores","authors":"Wei Wei","doi":"10.1111/irj.12417","DOIUrl":"10.1111/irj.12417","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on a qualitative case study of McDonald's stores in China, this article examines the behaviour of front-line managers (FLMs) in employment relations practices. The findings first identify different types of FLMs' behaviours, taking into account the degree of role conflict in their managerial work and the varying pressure to respond to corporate human resource management/employment relations (HRM/ERs) policies. Second, the findings illustrate that the behaviours of FLMs are also shaped by the external ER regulatory context, which is related to regulatory constraints (or voids) and their implementation (or not) and third, that FLMs tend to exert their own agency in responding to HRM/ER policies when facing increased role conflict.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"55 2","pages":"100-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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