{"title":"Fighting “Internal Erosion” Through Social Pacts? Collective Bargaining in Spain From the Great Recession to the Covid-19 Crisis","authors":"Luis Cárdenas, Javier Arribas","doi":"10.1111/irj.12464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12464","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the Covid-19 crisis, there was a process of renovation of social dialogue that led to social pacts in Europe and, especially, in Spain. Following the neo-corporatist literature, our argument is that these pacts have been based on the exceptional circumstances of social, political and economic factors that have led to concertation (as a process) rather than to a modification of the existing corporatist foundations. To understand the relevant features, we analyse the changes in the industrial relations system brought about by the labour reforms implemented during the Great Recession. Using data from the Collective Bargaining Agreement Statistics, we propose that the governance (coverage, dominance and control) of collective bargaining depended on a set of institutional practices that have been internally eroded. In conclusion, the effects of social dialogue are transitory, and further transformations would be necessary to achieve a permanent change that restores collective bargaining equilibrium.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"260-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Work Intensification, Work–Life Conflict and Turnover Intentions in the Teaching Profession: Evidence From School Teachers in Quebec, Canada","authors":"Sarah Nogues, Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay","doi":"10.1111/irj.12463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12463","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Teachers worldwide are expected to adapt to increasingly complex demands. Meanwhile, there is a shortage of qualified teachers in the profession. In this context, our paper explores the role of work intensification (WI) as a predictor of teacher turnover intention, an important antecedent that has never been explored amongst school teachers. The role of work–life conflict (WLC) is also considered, given the salience of this issue according to teacher unions. We distributed an online questionnaire to teachers from various sectors (preschool, primary, secondary, adult training, professional training and special education) through union listings and got 405 valid responses. We ran statistical analyses using PROCESS Macro v.4.2 for SPSS, and our results indicate a direct, significant and positive relationship between WI and intention to leave (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.001; <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.179). Moreover, we found that WLC interacts with WI in its impact on intention to leave (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.001; <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.191). Theoretical contributions are made using the job demands-resources and conservation of resources theories, and practical implications for government and school leaders are discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Did COVID-19 Level the Playing Field or Entrench It? Comparing Patterns of Homeworking by Ethnicity, Gender and Migration Status, Before, During and After COVID-19 in the UK","authors":"Heejung Chung, Shiyu Yuan","doi":"10.1111/irj.12462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12462","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines how the pandemic changed the ethnicity gaps in working-from-home practices in the UK. We do this by examining seven waves of the UK Labour Force Survey from 2017 to 2023, divided into three time periods—pre-pandemic, during-lockdown and post-lockdown. The results show that although the gap found between White and BME workers in the pre-pandemic period disappears as we move into the post-lockdown period, there are large differences between different ethnicities, especially when we intersect ethnicity with migration status, gender, and parental status. Even in the post-lockdown period of 2022–2023, Black men, particularly Black fathers, stood out for their low levels of homeworking, alongside Chinese and ‘Other Asian’ workers - both men and women. On closer inspection, we found that it was especially migrant workers from these ethnicities who were significantly worse off in terms of their access to homeworking. The paper shows that although we see a positive change in homeworking, which has increased for most ethnic groups over the course of the pandemic, certain groups are still left behind in this growth. The paper further highlights the need for an intersectional analysis when examining such labour market patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"236-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Trends of German Codetermination by Works Councils: On Path Dependencies, Erosion and Innovation","authors":"Thomas Haipeter","doi":"10.1111/irj.12461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12461","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article is about current developments of codetermination by works councils as a core institution of labour relations in Germany. It is argued that we can observe seven different paths of development which point into different directions, combining processes of erosion, functional change and social innovation in co-determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"226-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frames of Reference: Dynamics of Change and Frame Misalignment Between Employers and Unions","authors":"Andrea Signoretti, Adrian Wilkinson","doi":"10.1111/irj.12460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12460","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Industrial relations studies have struggled to explain the variations in human resource (HR) practices in firms operating in the same institutional contexts and sectors and facing similar market pressures. Budd, Pohler, and Huang's (2021) model on the frames of reference used by managers and employees constitutes a notable exception, as it focuses on how actors view HR practices. We build on this model and critique and extend it by including unions as actors and exploring employers' and unions' frames concerning HR practices and the ensuing outcomes. We also develop an analytical framework composed of workplace-level relational and beyond-workplace external elements. We invite future research to show the empirical validity of our model and framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"214-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Co-Producing Employee Engagement Approaches in a Workplace Partnership: A Route to Partial Success in Public Health Workplaces","authors":"Patricia Findlay, Colin Lindsay, Robert Stewart","doi":"10.1111/irj.12459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12459","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While employee engagement might enhance staff wellbeing alongside organisational performance, delivering mutual gains can be challenging. This article assesses co-production as a route to engagement in a public health workplace, and finds that co-produced engagement strategies and mutual gains outcomes are possible where underpinned by genuinely collaborative organisational governance arrangements.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"204-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Incomplete Leap: On the Transition From Union Registration to the First Collective Agreement","authors":"Vincent Jerald Ramos, Edgar Antonio Suguitan","doi":"10.1111/irj.12458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12458","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In decentralized systems where unionization and bargaining occur at the establishment level, what explains the (speedy) transition from union registration to the first collective agreement? While prior evidence in some developed countries (i.e., the United States) estimates this transition to be approximately a year, on average, little to no evidence exists in other contexts where unions play a less central role, as is the case in many developing countries. Addressing this gap, we analyze the Philippines where national unionization and collective bargaining coverage rates are relatively low. Using methods from survival analysis on novel register data of all new union registrations from 2016 to 2021, we descriptively demonstrate that: (i) median union membership density is low at 40%; (ii) only 20% of all new union registrations successfully register a contract within the first 5 years; and (iii) unions with higher densities, that are independent, and in the manufacturing sector are associated with elevated transition rates to a collective agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 3","pages":"189-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards Better Understanding of Party-Union Relationship: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"Paweł Kamiński, Szczepan Czarnecki","doi":"10.1111/irj.12457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12457","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In many European democracies, political parties and trade unions have developed a long-standing relationship. This relationship has certainly evolved over the last few decades as both actors have had to adapt to changes in their constituencies. This study examines the evolving dynamics between political parties and trade unions across Europe, with a focus on both Western and Central-Eastern European contexts. By utilising data from the Comparative Interest Group survey, we investigate how factors such as political power, resources, and ideological alignments influence these interactions. Our findings reveal that unions prioritise contacts with ruling parties, underscoring the importance of political access. Despite assumptions, financial resources alone do not determine engagement frequency, as well as ideological alliances. We also highlight differing contact levels influenced by political systems, showing that pluralist environments foster more interaction compared to corporatist settings. This research contributes valuable insights into the adaptive strategies of trade unions in contemporary democracies, reflecting on historical ties and varying institutional landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 2","pages":"173-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Financialisation, Underemployment and the Disconnected Greek Capitalism","authors":"Giorgos Gouzoulis, Panagiotis (Takis) Iliopoulos, Giorgos Galanis","doi":"10.1111/irj.12455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12455","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent contributions within the disconnected capitalism literature argue that personal financial insecurity related to household indebtedness and pension fund financialisation is positively associated with time-related underemployment. This is because financially insecure workers are more likely to accept worsening working conditions on the fear of losing their job and defaulting on their debts. Using quarterly data from the Eurostat for the period 2008Q3–2020Q4, this paper shows that the persistent rise of time-related underemployment rates in postcrisis Greece is robustly associated with the household debt ratio and pension fund investments in financial derivatives. We also demonstrate that while the effects of financialisation are similar for men and women, the employment-tied and gendered nature of social benefits in the country has disproportionately affected women in the context of austerity. The paper concludes that personal financial insecurity is a key missing factor behind rising time-related underemployment in Greece since 2008.</p>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 2","pages":"158-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/irj.12455","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Company-Based Measures Securing Employment During the Pandemic in Germany","authors":"Toralf Pusch, Hartmut Seifert","doi":"10.1111/irj.12454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12454","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article analyses measures agreed upon by management and works councils to secure jobs during the pandemic in Germany, based on a representative works and staff council survey. Monetary concessions are less common than measures relating to working hours. The implementation of these measures depends on economic conditions, collective bargaining and cooperative company relations, providing a framework for employment and investment commitments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46619,"journal":{"name":"INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL","volume":"56 2","pages":"145-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}