Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Development of a Thiolated PAMAM-Modified Aptamer-Based Impedimetric Biosensor for Zonulin Measurement as a Biomarker of Intestinal Permeability.","authors":"Ceylin Tayanç, Zeynep Cansu Aydın, Zihni Onur Uygun","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05873-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-026-05873-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered intestinal permeability is closely associated with gastrointestinal inflammation, and zonulin/pre-haptoglobin-2 has been investigated as a mediator and biomarker of tight junction regulation. This study describes the development of an aptamer-based electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) biosensor for zonulin measurement. A 40-nucleotide DNA aptamer candidate, ZON-Apt-40 (5'-GGTTGCGTACGATGGTAGCGTTGACCTGCGTACCAAGTTC-3'), was selected based on its length, balanced GC content, absence of long homopolymeric regions, predicted stem-loop formation, and compatibility with thiol-mediated immobilization. Mfold analysis predicted two low-energy secondary structures; the most stable had a Gibbs free energy of -5.63 kcal/mol and contained an exposed loop/bulge region spanning nucleotides 17-23. A DNA-like three-dimensional model of the aptamer was docked against a human zonulin model, and the predicted binding pose suggested that the exposed loop region interacted with polar and positively charged protein residues. Experimentally, a gold microelectrode was modified with thiolated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-SH), followed by immobilization of AuNP-conjugated thiolated ZON-Apt-40 and blocking with human serum albumin. FTIR confirmed PAMAM-SH functionalization, whereas cyclic voltammetry and EIS verified stepwise electrode modification. Chronoimpedance measurements identified 200 s as a practical readout time. The sensor exhibited a concentration-dependent EIS response to zonulin, with the calibration equation y = 12.276x + 1509 and R² = 0.9981 ± 0.0012. The calculated limits of detection and quantification were 0.949 and 2.877 ng/mL, respectively. Zonulin-spiked serum samples yielded coefficients of variation of 5.1% and 8.3% at 10 and 50 ng/mL, respectively. Overall, the platform demonstrates preliminary feasibility as a rapid, low-volume, label-free impedimetric aptasensor for zonulin detection; however, further validation using larger clinical sample sets and orthogonal binding assays is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148756963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymosin β4 Mitigates Acute Cerebral Infarction Via Inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway and Suppression of Neuronal Pyroptosis.","authors":"Zhongsheng Zhang, Yan Huang, Sichun Huang, Huasheng Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05867-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-026-05867-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute cerebral infarction (ACI), a severe neurological disorder, causes significant neuronal damage and brain injury, with cellular pyroptosis and abnormal activation of signaling pathways being key pathological contributors. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) against ACI. By establishing an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in HT22 mouse hippocampal neurons and a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rat brains, the effects of Tβ4 on neuronal pyroptosis and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway were systematically evaluated. Results demonstrated that Tβ4 significantly increased HT22 cell survival after OGD/R treatment, reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, suppressed expression of pyroptosis-related proteins including NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, and GSDMD-N, and decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α. In the rat MCAO model, Tβ4 significantly reduced infarct volume, improved neurological function scores, decreased cerebral edema severity, and suppressed the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins and inflammatory cytokines in brain tissue. Mechanistically, Tβ4 inhibited the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by OGD/R or cerebral ischemia both in vitro and in vivo, including suppression of p65 nuclear translocation as confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Further gain- and loss-of-function experiments confirmed that Tβ4's anti-pyroptotic effects are mediated, at least partially, through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. In summary, Tβ4 exerts neuroprotective effects against ACI by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and mitigating neuronal pyroptosis, demonstrating potential clinical application value.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erjingwan Alleviates Parkinson's Disease via Activation of PPARA-Mediated Autophagy.","authors":"Shaopeng Cao, Yongmei Wu, Han Yang, Xiaotian Qi, Zhaoyang Qiu","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05868-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-026-05868-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive dopaminergic neuronal degeneration and neuroinflammation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas exhibit potential neuroprotective effects, yet the active components and underlying mechanisms of Erjingwan (EJW) remain unclear. To elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of EJW in PD by integrating network pharmacology with in vivo and in vitro experimental validation. PD mice were modeled using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Behavioral assessments, histological staining, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blotting were performed to evaluate neuronal injury, inflammation, and apoptosis. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify EJW components. Network pharmacology and machine learning were applied to screen potential targets. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to assess component-target interactions. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) knockdown in vivo and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference in vitro were used for mechanistic validation. EJW significantly improved motor dysfunction in PD mice. EJW attenuated dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra, suppressed neuroinflammation, and decreased cell apoptosis. LC-MS/MS identified 10 bioactive compounds. Integrated analysis yielded 83 potential targets, with PPARA identified as a key target by machine learning. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations indicated stable binding between multiple bioactive compounds and PPARA. EJW upregulated PPARA expression and promoted autophagy. PPARA knockdown inhibited autophagy and diminished the neuroprotective effects of EJW. EJW alleviates PD by activating PPARA-mediated autophagy. PPARA may serve as a critical therapeutic target of EJW in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome-Driven Therapeutic Strategies for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Microbiota Modulation, Glycaemic Outcomes, and Transplantation.","authors":"Muthineni Haneesh, Singamoorthy Amalraj, Golthu Anusha, Venkatesan Karthick, Senthamil Selvi Poongavanam, Rajkumar Thamarai","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05860-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-026-05860-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) arises from the body's ineffective use or production of insulin. Recent research highlights the significant role of the gut microbiome in metabolism and immunity, indicating that microbial dysbiosis may be associated with T2DM development. This systematic review will explore the link between gut dysbiosis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), assess the impact of microbially-targeted therapies such as probiotics, prebiotics, dietary changes, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on glycaemic and metabolic outcomes in adults with T2DM, and determine if clinical trials validate the application of these therapies for T2DM treatment. An extensive literature search was conducted using PubMed up to January 2024, adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, to identify eligible studies. The studies included were randomized controlled trials or observational studies reporting measurable outcomes related to metabolic health in adults aged 18 and older. A total of 25 studies show that individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) have lower gut microbial diversity, featuring fewer butyrate-producing bacteria and more inflammation-related bacteria. Probiotic supplementation and dietary fiber intake significantly improve hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is linked to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), suggesting that the gut microbiome could be a therapeutic focus. However, while interventions like dietary changes, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation show potential, current evidence does not support their routine clinical application. Recommendations for microbiome interventions should rely on strong evidence from effective longitudinal clinical trials verifying both efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Wound Healing in Wistar Rat Model via Curcumin-Functionalized Copper Nanoparticle Ointment.","authors":"Reya Rene Philip, Atchayadana Udayasuriyan, Swetha J, Sankari D","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05866-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-026-05866-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound healing remains a major clinical challenge, often requiring treatments that combine antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, a novel topical ointment containing curcumin functionalized copper nanoparticles (Cur-CuNPs) was developed and evaluated for wound-healing. Copper nanoparticles were green synthesized using Crossandra infundibuliformis leaf extract, followed by curcumin functionalization to enhance the stability, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities. The formulated ointments were characterized and evaluated in Wistar albino rats with topical application daily for 16 days significantly accelerated wound contraction, enhanced re-epithelialization, and promoted organized collagen deposition in treated groups. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and reduced lipid peroxidation levels. ELISA-based cytokine profiling showed reduced levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IL-6). Gene expression analysis showed increased VEGF expression together with reduced MMP-9 and IL-6 expression, while immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated increased Ki-67 and CD31 in Cur-CuNP-treated wounds. Collectively, these findings suggest that Cur- CuNP ointment promote wound healing with antioxidant activity, reduced inflammation, enhanced cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling, highlighting their potential as multifunctional topical therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Environmental Impacts of Ecofriendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Dyes Removal and Antibacterial Activity.","authors":"Eman N Hammad, Salem S Salem, Asem A Mohamed, Wagdi El-Dougdoug","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05872-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-026-05872-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Bio-Functional Properties of ZrO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized Via Different Approaches","authors":"K. Muhil Eswari,&nbsp;V. Balaji,&nbsp;D. K. Ponelakkia,&nbsp;G. Ravi,&nbsp;Rajkumar Sokkalingam,&nbsp;R. Yuvakkumar,&nbsp;Dhayalan Velauthapillai","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05861-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-026-05861-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breast cancer has emerged as a significant health concern in recent years, with a higher incidence rate but a persisting lack of effective therapeutic agents. This study focuses on the formulation of ZrO₂ nanoparticles using both an effective hydrothermal method (CS-ZrO₂) and an eco-friendly green synthesis method using <i>Dioscorea alata</i> leaf extract (GS-ZrO₂). The synthesised ZrO₂ nanoparticles were characterised using XRD, which confirmed their cubic crystal structure. Further, the average crystalline size (D) was 12.08 nm and 26.69 nm for hydrothermally synthesized and green synthesized ZrO₂ nanoparticles. The determined band gap values were 2.78 eV and 3.09 eV for CS-ZrO₂ and GS-ZrO₂ nanoparticles. The reduced band gap value of CS-ZrO₂ nanoparticles corresponds to their decreased crystalline size, which results in increased ROS generation. Subsequently, the synthesized ZrO₂ nanoparticles were evaluated for their anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity properties through the α-amylase inhibition technique, Bovine albumin serum (BSA) denaturation technique, and MTT assay. Anti-diabetic and Anti-inflammatory activities of ZrO₂ nanoparticles exhibited an increased percentage of inhibitions, 82.36%, and 90.11% respectively for CS-ZrO₂ nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity potential against the MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and HEK 293 normal cell line was studied, showed a dose-dependent nature and decreased cell viability. The reduced viability attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with the reduced band gap and the decreased size of the ZrO₂. Thus, the synthesized ZrO₂ nanoparticles show potential as an efficient therapeutic agent and can be considered for various biomedical applications as a proficient material.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"198 11","pages":"8912 - 8933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances in Sustainable Synthesis of Bio-Based Furanic Compounds Via Chemical, Biological, Chemobiological and Other Combination Approach in Benign Systems.","authors":"Shaojie Jiang, Yu-Cai He","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05856-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-026-05856-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the global population growth and the accelerating industrialization process, the demand for chemical intermediates and basic chemicals has been continuously rising. Against this backdrop, the conversion of renewable lignocellulosic biomass into high-value platform molecules has emerged as a strategic direction for achieving carbon neutrality and biorefining. This review systematically explores the synthetic routes of bio-based furan compounds (especially furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and furfurylamine) and their recent industrial and technological advancements. By in-depth analysis of the microscopic deconstruction mechanisms of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, this report elaborates on the chemical evolution process from polysaccharide degradation to furan ring formation, and highlights the outstanding performance of combinatorial catalysis, especially chemoenzymatic catalysis methods, in improving reaction selectivity. Meanwhile, the report also integrates the crucial role of emerging green solvent systems, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids (ILs) in suppressing corrosion and side reactions. Finally, an in-depth study is conducted on the synthesis of furan products driven by AI and computer simulation. This review aims to provide researchers and industrial decision-makers with in-depth insights into the bio-based furan value chain, identify technological bottlenecks, and point out the future path towards a low-carbon chemical industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"m6A-Mediated Stabilization of S100A10 mRNA by IGF2BP3 Aggravates Environmental Cigarette Smoke-Induced Asthma in Children","authors":"LuYang Guo,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;MingZhao Feng,&nbsp;LingFeng Kong,&nbsp;YaHui Chai,&nbsp;Bao Liu,&nbsp;He Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05863-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-026-05863-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is a significant environmental trigger for childhood asthma. Although S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10) is upregulated in asthma patients, its regulatory mechanism in CS-associated asthma remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate how insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) influences S100A10 expression via the N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification pathway and to investigate the role of the IGF2BP3/S100A10 axis in CS-exposed childhood asthma. A total of 120 asthmatic children were enrolled, with 120 healthy children selected as controls. Serum levels of S100A10 and IGF2BP3 were measured. A murine model of asthma was established using ovalbumin (OVA) induction combined with CS exposure. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression or knockdown of IGF2BP3 or S100A10 was performed to evaluate lung function, inflammatory infiltration, immune cell proportions, and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) were isolated and treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and OVA to assess apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine levels. RNA immunoprecipitation, m6A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, and crosslinking immunoprecipitation (CLIP) were conducted to validate the regulatory mechanism between IGF2BP3 and S100A10. The expression of S100A10 and IGF2BP3 was elevated in asthmatic children and OVA-induced asthmatic mice. In OVA-induced asthmatic mice, CS exacerbated OVA-induced asthma phenotypes, including increased lung resistance, enhanced inflammatory infiltration, elevated T helper 2 (Th2) and T helper 17 (Th17) cell proportions, and raised IgE levels. Knockdown of S100A10 or IGF2BP3 ameliorated these pathological changes, while overexpression of S100A10 reversed the protective effects of IGF2BP3 knockdown. Mechanistically, IGF2BP3 bound to m6A modification sites on S100A10 mRNA and enhanced its stability. CSE and OVA promoted IGF2BP3 expression, thereby increasing S100A10 mRNA stability, leading to enhanced epithelial apoptosis and release of inflammatory factors (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). CS exposure aggravates childhood asthma by promoting IGF2BP3 expression and enhancing m6A-dependent stabilization of S100A10 mRNA. Targeting the IGF2BP3/S100A10 axis may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for CS-associated asthma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"198 11","pages":"9039 - 9065"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transaminases engineering and their cascade systems for natural product synthesis","authors":"Yi-Xin Li,&nbsp;Chao Lin,&nbsp;Zi-Yu Guan,&nbsp;Yu-Si Zhang,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Xue,&nbsp;Zhi-Qiang Liu,&nbsp;Cong-Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Li-Qun Jin,&nbsp;Yu-Guo Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s12010-026-05857-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-026-05857-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transaminases (TAs) represent a class of enzymes that enable highly stereoselective amination reactions under mild conditions, providing an exceptionally powerful and versatile green chemistry tool for the synthesis of chiral amines and nitrogen-containing compounds. However, most current reviews on transaminases focus on the efficient synthesis of chiral amines, whereas the efficient synthesis of complex natural products has rarely been reported. This review systematically discusses the characteristics of different types of transaminases, covering their underlying catalytic mechanisms, the dynamics and roles of the cofactor involved, and key enzymatic properties that are critical for their function and practical applicability. Recent advances in protein engineering strategies and in the design of multi-enzyme cascade systems are also discussed. A particular focus is directed toward representative applications of transaminase-mediated multi-enzyme cascade systems in natural product synthesis. Based on a systematic review of recent advances in transaminase research, this review focuses on their representative applications in multi‑enzyme cascade systems for natural product synthesis, providing a comprehensive and referenceable framework for green synthetic strategies.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"198 11","pages":"8253 - 8289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}