Negotiation Journal最新文献

{"title":"Flipping the Power Dynamics in Measurement and Evaluation: International Aid and the Potential for a Grounded Accountability Model","authors":"Eliza Urwin, Aisalkyn Botoeva, Rosario Arias, Oscar Vargas, Pamina Firchow","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12448","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the overlooked barrier of accountability in the localization of international aid and development. It argues that the conventional monitoring and evaluation (M&E) practices, designed to satisfy donor accountability, hinder genuine localization in conflict-affected settings. The authors emphasize the need for a shift in knowledge creation within M&E processes, advocating for more inclusive and flexible structures that value and incorporate the insights and experiences of local communities. By examining the limitations of traditional M&E methodologies, the article proposes the adoption of feasible strategies that allow donors to report effectively to their constituents while enabling grantees to engage program participants and local communities more meaningfully. The concept of the Grounded Accountability Model (GAM) is introduced as a framework that co-constructs accountability between external groups supporting international efforts and the communities participating in aid projects. Drawing inspiration from activist roots in the peacebuilding field, the article explores how GAM can be operationalized at different organizational levels, showcasing its versatility and potential for broader implementation. The study presents two case studies, Asociación MINGA and Search for Common Ground, to illustrate the adaptability and application of GAM in diverse organizational structures and goals. By promoting a more nuanced understanding of projects supported by international aid, GAM offers a pathway to enhance localization, improve program effectiveness, and maintain accountability to both donors and local communities.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Special Issue: Localization and the Aid Industry","authors":"Pamina Firchow, Leslie Wingender","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12447","url":null,"abstract":"Negotiation JournalEarly View Introduction Introduction to Special Issue: Localization and the Aid Industry Pamina Firchow, Corresponding Author Pamina Firchow [email protected] Corresponding author: Pamina Firchow, Conflict Resolution and Coexistence, Brandeis University’s Heller School for Social Policy and ManagementSearch for more papers by this authorLeslie Wingender, Leslie Wingender [email protected] Search for more papers by this author Pamina Firchow, Corresponding Author Pamina Firchow [email protected] Corresponding author: Pamina Firchow, Conflict Resolution and Coexistence, Brandeis University’s Heller School for Social Policy and ManagementSearch for more papers by this authorLeslie Wingender, Leslie Wingender [email protected] Search for more papers by this author First published: 07 November 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12447Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES Autesserre, S. 2014. Peaceland: Conflict resolution and the everyday politics of international intervention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bonacker, T., J. von Heusinger, and K. Zimmer. 2016. Localization in development aid: How global institutions enter local lifeworlds. New York: Routledge. Fisher, A., and S. Fukuda-Parr. 2019. Introduction—data, knowledge, politics and localizing the SDGs. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 20(4): 375–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/19452829.2019.1669144. Frennesson, L., J. Kembro, H. de Vries, M. Jahre, and L. Van Wassenhove. 2022. International humanitarian organizations' perspectives on localization efforts. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 83: 103410. Available from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221242092200629X. Gibbons, P., and C. Otieku-Boadu. 2021. The question is not ‘if to localise?’ But rather ‘how to localise?’: Perspectives from Irish humanitarian INGOs. Frontiers in Political Science 3: 744559. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2021.744559. Hughes, C., J. Öjendal, and I. Schierenbeck. 2015. The struggle versus the song—the local turn in peacebuilding: An introduction. Third World Quarterly 36(5): 817–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1029907. Mac Ginty, R., and O. P. Richmond. 2013. The local turn in peace building: A critical agenda for peace. Third World Quarterly 34(5): 763–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2013.800750. Magone, C., M. Neuman, and F. Weissman. 2012. Humanitarian negotiations revealed: The MSF experience. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Paff","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135540271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Time on Donor Behavior and Processes in Relation to Localization","authors":"Aaron Stanley, Lesley Connolly","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12446","url":null,"abstract":"The growing rhetorical commitment to localizing international aid sits in contrast to the lack of change in the amount of funding going to locally based organizations. The increased focus on localization spotlights the inherent challenges within the international aid system and donor organizations' inability to adapt their practices to make genuine change. A critical barrier to substantial change is related to the concept of time. Donors' conceptualization of time significantly impacts organizational incentives and individuals' preferences. This article examines how donors' understanding of time manifests through concepts of productivity and efficiency, deadlines and their implications on decision‐making, and donor fatigue. A focus on donor practice is supported by the concept of timescapes, or the institutional conceptualizations of time that define practice and create different power dynamics. Through the analysis, the article describes how donor timescapes create organizational and individual behaviors that work against the localization agenda. The article concludes by offering suggestions for mitigating these organizational behavior dynamics so that donor incentives and practices are better aligned with their localization commitments.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135726497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a Third Local Turn: Identifying and Addressing Obstacles to Localization in Peacebuilding","authors":"Thania Paffenholz, Philip Poppelreuter, Nicholas Ross","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12444","url":null,"abstract":"Localization in peacebuilding, development, and humanitarian work is grounded on the claim that principles of both justice and effectiveness demand a transfer of power from international to local actors, and thus a change in the current donor–recipient relationship and the way international cooperation works and is structured. Like any transfer of power, this creates opportunities and provokes resistance. This article conducts a structured analysis of secondary literature and publicly available contributions from Southern practitioners to identify obstacles to localization in peacebuilding and explore concrete entry points for mitigating them. The mitigation strategies seek to rectify persistent power imbalances between international and local actors in the peacebuilding field. The article's focus on practical steps toward localization helps to overcome the stuckness of the debate in the peacebuilding literature and move beyond the mere criticism of neoliberal peacebuilding. The article paves the way toward a third local turn in peacebuilding, which concentrates on how to achieve localization in everyday peacebuilding, focusing on its more radical, decolonial implications and avoiding the neutralizing effects of the incumbent, technocratic approach to peacebuilding.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition to Open Access","authors":"James K. Sebenius","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Donors' Engagements in Africa: China, India, and the Localizing Peacebuilding and Development Interventions","authors":"Agnieszka Paczyńska","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12443","url":null,"abstract":"Today's development and peacebuilding donor landscape is much more complex than it was just a few decades ago. In addition to traditional donors, emerging donors have come to play much more prominent roles in development and peacebuilding assistance. This article explores these shifting dynamics of the donor landscape by analyzing China's and India's engagements with African states. In particular, it investigates whether these two emerging donors' development and peacebuilding interventions are framed around the localization of aid concerns that have animated traditional donors. The article shows that nationally led and nationally owned development and peacebuilding priorities are central to the provision of aid by these emerging donors. However, neither China nor India has explicitly joined the localization of aid debate. The term “localization” does not appear in the key documents produced by the government agencies that oversee these countries' development and peacebuilding interventions. Moreover, neither China nor India has signed onto the various international agreements that place localization at the forefront of traditional donor agendas. This article argues that the local is important to both China and India. However, for these two countries, localization is reflected in the emphasis on nationally led and nationally owned development and peacebuilding priority setting; and the promotion of state capacity and strength rather than as a way of working with civil society and nongovernmental organizations. These engagements with the local by China and India in the context of Africa have shifted over time as their footprints across the continent have expanded and their global aspirations have shifted.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135405848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negotiation Power: How Humanitarian Frontliners Get Things Done with Hard Bargainers","authors":"Alain Lempereur","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12441","url":null,"abstract":"Hard bargainers are known to dictate terms. Humanitarian frontliners confront them daily. Some state and nonstate counterparts, guided by military necessity, are deemed so overpowering that it seems impossible to negotiate humanitarian necessity with them. And yet, humanitarians leverage negotiations with quite an edge. They construct working relationships and creative solutions to get access and deliver humanitarian aid to those affected by conflict. Humanitarians shape a responsible approach that can enrich the understanding of negotiation power. Guided by humanitarian principles, they do not exercise a power over anyone but leverage a power of getting things done with counterparts, through relational, transactional, and process moves. The purpose of this article is both descriptive and prescriptive. On the one hand, it provides examples to document humanitarian negotiation practices of empowerment and to contribute to a general theory of negotiation power. On the other hand, the article provides some recommendations from negotiation theory to empower humanitarians. Indirectly, by analyzing and supporting the power of humanitarian frontliners, this article also aims at refining the reflection and action of every negotiator when confronted with tough bargainers.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136034387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What about the Middle? Thinking Systematically about Localization","authors":"Leslie Wingender, María Lucía Méndez","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12445","url":null,"abstract":"Colombia offers a unique case study for the localization debate. Unlike in other conflict‐affected countries, international nongovernmental organizations are not the main channel through which international aid flows. Instead, Colombia has strong state capacity and a historically well‐established civil society, including national‐ and regional‐level social organizations, think tanks, universities, and community‐based organizations throughout the country, all of which have extensive experience working for peace, security, and human rights. Particularly, the national‐level organizations, such as think tanks, human rights organizations, and peace organizations, are not “community‐based” because they do not represent a single community or population, but work at the national level, with deep connections to different communities and regions. Arguably, these “middle” organizations are considered local in the localization literature but with national‐level operational capacity. However, this type of organization does not seem to fit within the localization narrative, and the role of these organizations is largely hidden from the debate. More so, the very processes and mechanisms through which international aid is disbursed in Colombia detract from these national‐level organizations' ability to grow and meet their missions. This article aims to pull out how “middle” or national‐level organizations in Colombia face five key constraints to tailoring aid so that it is accessible to local communities and local organizations. It then presents a deep dive into how one national‐level organization engaged with an American philanthropy to create a transformed way of working in partnership and develop a new model for systemic collaboration and networks in Colombia. It ends with recommendations for how to continue to adapt the localization debate into meaningful action through partnerships throughout the Colombian and global ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peacebuilding Accountability: The United Nations Peacebuilding Fund and Community‐Based Monitoring and Evaluation","authors":"Landon Hancock","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12442","url":null,"abstract":"International peacebuilding as a discourse and practice has expanded rapidly in the nearly three decades since the publication of Boutros Boutros‐Ghali's Agenda for Peace. Alongside the growth of peacebuilding efforts has come the realization that many peacebuilding projects conceived of and sponsored by the international community have failed to meet their own objectives or, more importantly, have failed to be embraced fully by those whom they were supposed to help: the individuals and communities attempting to rebuild their lives in post‐conflict countries. One area that has been under‐examined and—in particular—under‐theorized is the role and impact of funder accountability mechanisms on local ownership, community agency, and peacebuilding success. However, in the development field some work has been done to examine accountability models and to try to develop new ones. As part of a project funded by the Council on Foreign Relations, the author served as a local peacebuilding advisor to the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund's monitoring and evaluation team, where he led an effort to develop a more collaborative evaluation method designed to close accountability loops by including a broader range of actors than that normally considered by current evaluation methodologies. This article offers a scoping analysis of the strengths and weaknesses inherent in the interactions between large international donor agencies and local peacebuilding efforts. It also presents a preview of one agency's determined efforts to bridge those gaps and implement programs and processes designed to promote local agency while supporting transparent accountability.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135917944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Bid or Not to Bid? That is the Question! First‐ Versus Second‐Mover Advantage in Negotiations","authors":"Y. Maaravi, Aharon Levy, B. Heller","doi":"10.1111/nejo.12438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nejo.12438","url":null,"abstract":"For the past two decades, negotiation research has established a first‐mover advantage based on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic. Negotiation scholars have argued that first offers serve as anchors that affect both counteroffers and settlement prices. Consequently, management education—including negotiation articles, books, courses, and seminars—often recommends that negotiators move first to “anchor” their counterparts. Nonetheless, a growing body of recent research contradicts this general advice and points to a second‐mover advantage in specific cases. Interestingly, this contradiction was termed the “practitioner‐researcher paradox,” as practitioners and negotiation experts appeared to understand the benefits of moving second in negotiations, which scholars—up until recently—generally have overlooked. The current article offers a solution to this paradox by proposing three key factors that might explain the conditions and circumstances of first‐ versus second‐mover advantage in negotiations. These three factors are central in negotiation research and practice: information, power, and strategy. Given the centrality of first offers in negotiations, the solution to this paradox is crucial for negotiation scholars, businesspeople, managers, and anyone else who finds themselves in a negotiation.","PeriodicalId":46597,"journal":{"name":"Negotiation Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48776626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}