British Journal of Pain最新文献

{"title":"Do threats and reassurances reside in the biological, psychological or social domain? A qualitative study in adults and young people with chronic pain.","authors":"Hannah Kennedy, Daniel S Harvie, Michel W Coppieters","doi":"10.1177/20494637241263291","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241263291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding biopsychosocial contributions to a sensitised pain system is a key target of many pain management programs. The 'Protectometer' is a freely available educational tool that guides people with chronic pain to explore their personal threats and reassurances, identifying them as 'DIMs' (danger in me) or 'SIMs' (safety in me), to guide personalised pain management. This study aimed to explore common types of DIMs and SIMs, and examine differences between adults and young people.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective qualitative study was conducted. Written DIMs (<i>n</i> = 504) and SIMs (<i>n</i> = 711) were collected from 96 participants with chronic pain (77 adults aged 18-85 years; 19 young people aged 9-17 years) across 15 multidisciplinary pain management groups. DIMs and SIMs were transcribed and analysed using deductive content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four overarching themes were identified: 'Engaging with the environment', 'In my body', 'My emotional health', and 'Activities and behaviours'. Similarities in SIMs were found, with the greatest proportion of SIMs in the social domain (49% adults; 47% young people). While adult DIMs were fairly evenly spread across the biological (37%), psychological (27%) and social domains (36%), young people's DIMs were predominantly in the psychological (44%) and social (43%) domains.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings provide insights into common threats and reassurances people in pain perceive, and revealed age-related differences in biopsychosocial contributions to pain and pain relief. Findings also highlight the importance of social-based interventions as part of pain management therapies for both adults and young people.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241263291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient safety of adjunct pre-operative intravenous S-ketamine for pain relief in third molar surgery - a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.","authors":"Lars B Eriksson, Torsten Gordh, Rolf Karlsten, Andreas Thor, Åke Tegelberg","doi":"10.1177/20494637241262509","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241262509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study patient safety in third molar surgery, where two different doses of S-ketamine were administered for pain relief and compared to a placebo (saline). The primary focus was capillary oxygen saturation of the blood (SpO₂) and secondarily, alterations in respiratory rate, blood pressure, pulse or adverse events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and sixty-eight subjects were included in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. The two subanaesthetic study drugs were low-dose S-ketamine (0.125 mg/kg) and high-dose S-ketamine (0.25 mg/kg). Every patient was sedated with midazolam prior to infusion of the investigational drug. The teeth were surgically removed according to a routine clinical procedure, under local anaesthesia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Primary end-point for the safety aspects was capillary oxygen saturation (SpO₂) after administration of the investigational drug was finished. A significant difference was found between the placebo and the high-dose group at that point (<i>p</i> = .021), with a decrease of saturation in the high-dose group. The lowest saturation and the number of registrations of SpO₂ <90% did not show any difference between groups. Oxygen supplementation was given in circa 40% of the cases with no differences between the intervention groups. No other significant differences between groups regarding saturation or respiratory rate were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, it was safe to use adjunct preoperative single-dose intravenous S-ketamine 0.25 mg/kg body weight for pain relief, in midazolam-sedated patients receiving third molar surgery. There were no serious adverse events or symptoms of overdose nor any clinically relevant effects on circulatory or respiratory parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241262509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid systematic review of breakthrough pain definitions and descriptions","authors":"K. Greenfield, D. Schoth, Richard Hain, Simon Bailey, Christine Mott, Dilini Rajapakse, Emily Harrop, Kate Renton, Anna-Karenia Anderson, Bernie Carter, Margaret Johnson, C. Liossi","doi":"10.1177/20494637231208093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231208093","url":null,"abstract":"Breakthrough pain is common in life-limiting conditions and at end-of-life. Despite over 30 years of study, there is little consensus regarding the definition and characteristics of breakthrough pain. This study aims to update and expand a 2010 systematic review by Haugen and colleagues to identify (1) all definitions of breakthrough pain and (2) all descriptions and classifications of breakthrough pain reported by patients, caregivers, clinicians, and experts. This rapid systematic review followed the Cochrane Rapid Review Methods Group guidelines. A protocol is published on PROSPERO (CRD42019155583). CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and the Web of Science were searched for breakthrough pain terms from the inception dates of each database to 26th August 2022. We identified 65 studies that included data on breakthrough pain definitions, descriptions, or classifications from patients ( n = 30), clinicians ( n = 6), and experts ( n = 29), but none with data from caregivers. Most experts proposed that breakthrough pain was a sudden, severe, brief pain occurring in patients with adequately controlled mild-moderate background pain. However, definitions varied and there was no consensus. Pain characteristics were broadly similar across studies though temporal factors varied widely. Experts classified breakthrough pain into nociceptive, neuropathic, visceral, somatic, or mixed types. Patients with breakthrough pain commonly experienced depression, anxiety, and interference with daily life. Despite ongoing efforts, there is still no consensus on the definition of breakthrough pain. A compromise is needed on breakthrough pain nomenclature to collect reliable incidence and prevalence data and to inform further refinement of the construct.","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and impact of a tailored eHealth resource on fibromyalgia patient’s self-management and self-efficacy: A mixed methods approach","authors":"Joanne O’Brien-Kelly, David Moore, Ian O’Leary, T. O’Connor, Zena Moore, D. Patton, L. Nugent","doi":"10.1177/20494637231221647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231221647","url":null,"abstract":"To develop an eHealth resource to support fibromyalgia patients and explore it for usability and impact on their self-management and self-efficacy. Fibromyalgia is a complex, non-progressive chronic condition characterised by a bewildering array of symptoms for patients to self-manage. International guidelines recommend patients receive illness-specific information once diagnosed to promote self-management and improve health-related quality of life. A 3-phase mixed methods exploratory sequential design. Qualitative interviews explored the information and self-management needs of fibromyalgia patients attending a large tertiary hospital in Dublin. Identified themes together with an extensive review of the literature of interventions proven to be impactful by patients with fibromyalgia were utilised in the design and development of the eHealth resource. The resource was tested for usability and impact using pre and post-intervention outcomes measures. Patient interviews highlighted a lack of easy accessible evidenced information to support self-management implicating the urgent need for a practical solution through development of a tailored eHealth resource. Six themes emerged for inclusion; illness knowledge, primary symptoms, treatment options, self-management strategies, practical support and reliable resources. Forty-five patients who tested the site for usability and impact demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in self-efficacy after 4 weeks access with a medium positive effect size. Patients with the most severe fibromyalgia impact scores pre-intervention demonstrated the most improvement after 4 weeks. Patients gave the resource a System Usability Score A rating, highly recommending it for fellow patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The study demonstrated how the development of a novel eHealth resource positively impacted fibromyalgia patients’ self-efficacy to cope with this debilitating condition. This study suggests that access to eHealth can positively impact patients self-efficacy, has the potential to be a template for eHealth development in other chronic conditions, supporting advanced nurse practitioners working in chronic disease management.","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"116 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138959063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of a proposed practice pharmacist-led review for opioid-treated patients with persistent pain: A qualitative study to inform intervention development","authors":"Nicola Cornwall, Charlotte Woodcock, Julie Ashworth, Sarah A Harrisson, L. Dikomitis, Simon White, T. Helliwell, Eleanor Hodgson, R. Knaggs, Tamar Pincus, M. Santer, Christian D Mallen, Clare Jinks","doi":"10.1177/20494637231221688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231221688","url":null,"abstract":"Regular review of patients prescribed opioids for persistent non-cancer pain (PCNP) is recommended but not routinely undertaken. The PROMPPT (Proactive clinical Review of patients taking Opioid Medicines long-term for persistent Pain led by clinical Pharmacists in primary care Teams) research programme aims to develop and test a pharmacist-led pain review (PROMPPT) to reduce inappropriate opioid use for persistent pain in primary care. This study explored the acceptability of the proposed PROMPPT review to inform early intervention development. Interviews ( n = 15) and an online discussion forum ( n = 31) with patients prescribed opioids for PCNP and interviews with pharmacists ( n = 13), explored acceptability of a proposed PROMPPT review. A prototype PROMPPT review was then tested and refined through 3 iterative cycles of in-practice testing (IPT) ( n = 3 practices, n = 3 practice pharmacists, n = 13 patients). Drawing on the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA), a framework was generated (including a priori TFA constructs) allowing for deductive and inductive thematic analysis to identify aspects of prospective and experienced acceptability. Patients felt uncertain about practice pharmacists delivering the proposed PROMPPT review leading to development of content for the invitation letter for IPT (introducing the pharmacist and outlining the aim of the review). After IPT, patients felt that pharmacists were suited to the role as they were knowledgeable and qualified. Pharmacists felt that the proposed reviews would be challenging. Although challenges were experienced during delivery of PROMPPT reviews, pharmacists found that they became easier to deliver with time, practise and experience. Recommendations for optimisations after IPT included development of the training to include examples of challenging consultations. Uptake of new healthcare interventions is influenced by perceptions of acceptability. Exploring prospective and experienced acceptability at multiple time points during early intervention development, led to mini-optimisations of the prototype PROMPPT review ahead of a non-randomised feasibility study.","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous S-ketamine’s analgesic efficacy in third molar surgery. A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial","authors":"Lars B Eriksson, Torsten Gordh, Rolf Karlsten, Riccardo LoMartire, Andreas Thor, Åke Tegelberg","doi":"10.1177/20494637231222327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231222327","url":null,"abstract":"In most cases, a combination of paracetamol and ibuprofen are the optimal treatment for postoperative pain in third molar surgery. If stronger analgesia is required, opioids are traditionally administered. In day-case, surgery; however, opioids should be avoided. Thus, the anaesthetic agent S-ketamine in analgesic doses might be preferred. The study was designed as a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial. The study enrolled healthy subjects according to the American Society of Anaesthesiologists classification; I or II (ASA), aged 18 to 44 years, with a body weight between 50 and 100 kg. The patients were randomized into three groups where two doses of S-ketamine were compared (high: 0.25 mg/kg or low: 0.125 mg/kg) with placebo (saline). A primary outcome of the study was that VAS at 4 h postoperatively, showed no significant difference between the placebo and high-dose S-ketamine group or in the low-dose group. We found a significant difference between the groups for the first 24 h, with a lower VAS-score in the high-dose S-ketamine group. The time to when 50% had taken their first rescue medication was 12 min later in the high-dose ketamine group. Pre-emptive S-ketamine 0.25 mg/kg gave a global significant reduction of pain by VAS during the first 24 h postoperatively. The time from end of surgery to first rescue medication were longer in the high-dose ketamine group compared to both low-dose ketamine and placebo groups.","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy, acceptability and safety of acceptance and commitment therapy for fibromyalgia – a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Florence Eastwood, Emma Godfrey","doi":"10.1177/20494637231221451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231221451","url":null,"abstract":"Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder characterised by widespread pain, fatigue and cognitive symptoms. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to improve psychological flexibility and has been found to be beneficial in treating chronic pain; however, there are few studies evaluating its efficacy in treating FM. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy in patients with fibromyalgia. PubMed, Embase and PsychInfo databases were searched. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion if participants had FM, and the intervention was based on the ACT framework/model, and not combined with any other active therapy; any non-ACT control was accepted. A meta-analysis was performed, with the primary outcomes pain acceptance (chronic pain acceptance questionnaire, CPAQ), health-related quality of life (fibromyalgia impact questionnaire, FIQ), attrition rate and frequency of adverse events, and the secondary outcomes pain intensity, disability, depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Six RCTs, with a total of 384, mostly-female, participants were included, with ACT being delivered online, in a group setting, or one-to-one. ACT was superior to controls in improving FIQ score at post-intervention (SMD −1.05, 95% CI −2.02, −0.09) and follow-up (SMD −1.43, 95% CI −2.17, −0.69) and CPAQ post-intervention (SMD 1.05, 95% CI 0.61, 1.49) and at follow-up (SMD 0.95, 95% CI 0.40, 1.49). Attrition was below 20% in 4/6 studies and no adverse events were reported as attributable to ACT. All secondary outcomes showed large-to-moderate pooled effect estimates post-intervention, indicating improvement in anxiety, depression, pain and disability. Fatigue also improved, with a large negative effect. The results suggest ACT improved outcomes in patients with FM: there was an overall improvement in all outcomes post-intervention, with most maintained at follow-up. This review was, however, limited by the small body of evidence and differing methodologies of included studies.","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"49 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taking the pain out of pain.","authors":"Catharine Montgomery, Helen M Poole, Emma Begley, Yasir Abbasi","doi":"10.1177/20494637231208167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231208167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"17 6","pages":"514-518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of trigeminal neuralgia: A multi-centre case study in general practice.","authors":"Zofia J Zakrzewska, Parinaz Hosseini-Ashrafi, Ishrat Hussain, Zachary James Moulder, Jithu Subhash, Melissa Tan, Martin Ewart Johnson, Joanna M Zakrzewska","doi":"10.1177/20494637231199332","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637231199332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Patients often first present with symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) to primary care. However, there has been little research to determine whether the diagnosis and management of this condition is carried out according to current guidelines. Furthermore, there is little up-to-date information regarding the prevalence of TN in the UK. The aim is to estimate the prevalence of TN and to audit the diagnosis and management process of TN in primary care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2019 and 2020 a search was made at five UK GP practices with a total patient population of 55,842 using EMIS and SystmOne patient record systems to review patient consultations to identify patients coded with TN or facial pain (FP). These records were reviewed to ascertain the basis for diagnosis, management in primary care and referral to secondary care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>157 patients were identified; 54 coded with FP and 103 with TN. These results indicate a prevalence of 22.3 in 10,000. There was no difference in documented symptoms between the two groups. Seven patients had all ICDH3 criteria recorded, with two meeting the requirements for TN diagnosis. 58.8% of patients with TN were started on carbamazepine, the current gold standard treatment, compared with 16.7% in the FP group. 38.2% of TN patients were referred to a range of different specialities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of TN may be higher than previously thought. Key diagnostic criteria are often omitted, leading to potential misdiagnosis or delays in diagnosis. Relatively few referrals are made, though all patients should be considered for imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"1 1","pages":"606-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42351598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the lived experience of chronic pain: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative evidence syntheses.","authors":"Simon van Rysewyk, Renée Blomkvist, Antony Chuter, Rhea Crighton, Fiona Hodson, David Roomes, Blair H Smith, Francine Toye","doi":"10.1177/20494637231196426","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637231196426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although multiple measures of the causes and consequences of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) are available and can inform pain management, no quantitative summary of these measures can describe the meaning of pain for a patient. The lived experience of pain tends to be a blind spot in pain management. This study aimed to: (1) integrate qualitative research investigating the lived experience of a range of CNCP conditions; (2) establish common qualitative themes in CNCP experience; and (3) evaluate the relevance of our results through a survey questionnaire based on these themes, administered across the United Kingdom.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four bibliographic databases were searched from inception to February 2021 to identify Qualitative Evidence Syntheses (QES) that investigated the lived experience of CNCP and its impact on everyday life and activities. Themes and trends were derived by thematic qualitative analysis in collaboration with two patient and public involvement representatives who co-created twenty survey statements. The survey was developed for testing the QES themes for validity in people living with pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research team identified and screened 1323 titles, and considered 86 abstracts, including 20 in the final review. Eight themes were developed from the study findings: (1) my pain gives rise to negative emotions; (2) changes to my life and to myself; (3) adapting to my new normal; (4) effects of my pain management strategies; (5) hiding and showing my pain; (6) medically explaining my pain; (7) relationships to those around me; and (8) working while in pain. Each theme gave rise to one or two survey questions. The survey was shared with members of the UK pain community over a 2-week period in November 2021, and was completed by 1219 people, largely confirming the above themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion/implications: </strong>This study provides a validated summary of the lived experience of CNCP. It highlights the adverse nature, complications, and consequences of living with CNCP in the UK and the multiple shortcomings in the ways in which pain is addressed by others in the UK. Our findings are consistent with published meta-ethnographies on chronic non-malignant musculoskeletal pain and chronic low-back pain. Despite the underrepresentation of qualitative research in the pain literature compared to quantitative approaches, for understanding the complexity of the lived experience of pain, qualitative research is an essential tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":"17 6","pages":"592-605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}