British Journal of Pain最新文献

{"title":"Impact of different treatments for chronic pain on cognitive function: A systematic review.","authors":"Allan Botura Brennecke, Eduardo Silva Reis Barreto, Liliane Lins-Kusterer, Liana Maria Torres de Araujo Azi, Durval Kraychete","doi":"10.1177/20494637241311784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637241311784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Experimental evidence supports the hypothesis of reciprocal influence between neural systems involved in cognition and central pain processing circuits. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated bidirectional communication between central pain processing areas and the immune system, leading to changes in behaviour, sensory perception, mood, and cognition. However, the academic community has not yet reached a consensus on whether effective analgesic interventions can mitigate or reverse cognitive deterioration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of various therapeutic interventions in improving cognitive functions (primary outcome) and altering the profile of immunological markers (secondary outcome) in chronic pain patients. The review was limited to randomised controlled trials addressing chronic pain of any aetiology, with searches conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The qualitative synthesis of twelve studies conducted between 2003 and 2021, involving 1432 participants in experimental (<i>n</i> = 950) and control (<i>n</i> = 482) groups, revealed some interesting patterns. Only half of the studies (6/12) reported cognitive improvement, with attention being the most analysed cognitive domain, followed by memory and executive function. Fibromyalgia was the most studied aetiology of chronic pain. The strategies of intervention/treatment and durations varied widely; however, milnacipran versus placebo emerged as the most frequently employed intervention. Only one study reported immunological markers, limiting the evaluation of this outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on this analysis, it is not possible to affirm that interventions targeting chronic pain improve cognition. This review suggests new research directions and calls for more robust methodological approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241311784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11701906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case series of new-onset headache and neurological issues after thoracolumbar spinal cord stimulators.","authors":"Ramkumar Kalaiyarasan, Hemkumar Pushparaj, Manohar Sharma","doi":"10.1177/20494637241310705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637241310705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although spinal cord stimulator (SCS) therapy is generally used safely to treat chronic neuropathic pain conditions, this document highlights the less reported complication of unusual neurological problems including headaches. These developed temporally after the initiation of SCS therapy despite initial positive response to pain. The mechanisms might include activation of trigeminal receptors and neuroplasticity after SCS. We present a series of four cases where patients developed new neurological symptoms like headaches, facial twitching, and tinnitus, that were related to SCS activation. Despite adjustments to the SCS settings and extensive evaluations, these symptoms persisted in all cases, leading to the decision to explant SCS which was otherwise helping pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241310705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11701894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and regional trends and projections of chronic pain from 1990 to 2035: Analyses based on global burden of diseases study 2019.","authors":"Mengyi Zhu, Jiarui Zhang, Diefei Liang, Junxiong Qiu, Yuan Fu, Zhaopei Zeng, Jingjun Han, Junmeng Zheng, Liling Lin","doi":"10.1177/20494637241310697","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241310697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic pain poses a significant public health challenge. We present the global and regional data on Prevalence, Incidence and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) for Chronic pain from the Global burden of disease (GBD) study 2019 data and analyze their associations with Socio-demographic index (SDI), age, and gender, and the future trends from 2020 to 2035.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Regional trends in the burden of chronic pain and its association with age, gender, and SDI were assessed from 1990 to 2019. Joinpoint analysis was employed to describe trends in chronic pain burden across different SDI regions. Additionally, the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort model (BAPC) was used for predicting future trends. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of prevalence, incidence, and YLDs were employed to quantify the burden of chronic pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1990 and 2019, a significant increase was observed in global prevalence and YLDs rates of chronic pain. Higher rates were found among females, whereas a faster rise was noted among males. Notably, Low Back Pain (LBP) and Migraine accounted for predominant YLDs globally, particularly among those aged 75 and above. A notable prevalence of Tension-type Headache (TTH) was observed among younger populations. Furthermore, ASRs for chronic pain were highest in high-SDI regions. Projections suggest an increase in headache ASRs globally for both genders from 2020 to 2035.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 1990 to 2019, the global burden of chronic pain increased significantly, with projections indicating a continued rise in headache burden over the next 15 years, underscoring the need for heightened attention to these issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241310697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of equine interactions on human acute pain perception: Two cross sectional studies.","authors":"Gwyneth Doherty-Sneddon, Roberta Caiazza, Emilia Pawlowska, Quoc Vuong","doi":"10.1177/20494637241302391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637241302391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of Animal-Assisted Therapy, usually involving dogs, as a way to reduce pain in inpatient and outpatient populations. Here two studies investigate the effectiveness of interacting with horses for reducing human acute pain perception.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Study 1, a blood-pressure cuff was used to administer acute ischaemic pain to 70 adult participants, who were allocated to one of three groups: Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP), Horse Interaction without EAP (HI), and a Control (no horses present). All participants engaged in an activity (finding a horse treat) in a large, enclosed arena. The dependent variable was the subjective pain rating (scale 0-10) of the participant in response to moderate pain induced pre- and post-activity. In Study 2, 53 adult participants were recruited and allocated to either an Equine Assisted Learning (EAL) Group or a Control Group. The same paradigm was used. Following the activity sessions, qualitative data was elicited from the participants regarding their insights and feelings. It was hypothesized that any interaction with horses would significantly reduce an individual's perception of pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both studies, planned paired-samples t-tests showed significant reductions in pain ratings from pre-activity to post-activity in the EAL, EAP and HI groups (large and medium effect sizes) but not the Control groups. Thematic analysis of the qualitative responses showed an overwhelmingly positive array of responses from those who interacted with the horses, for example, feeling relaxed and happy during the activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Interactions with horses can reduce acute pain perception. Distraction, physiological changes, and positive emotions are discussed as possible underlying mechanisms. It remains to be seen how this could be more widely applied, for example, in relation to chronic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241302391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11607707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community opioid dispensing after rib fracture injuries: CODI study.","authors":"Frances Williamson, Melanie Proper, Rania Shibl, Susanna Cramb, Victoria McCreanor, Jacelle Warren, Cate Cameron","doi":"10.1177/20494637241300264","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241300264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pain from rib fractures often requires inpatient management with opioid medication. The need for ongoing opioid prescriptions following hospital discharge is poorly understood. Harms associated with long-term opioid use are generally accepted. However, a deeper understanding of current prescribing patterns in this population at-risk is required.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort of adult patients hospitalised in Queensland, Australia between 2014 and 2015 with rib fractures (ICD-10-AM: S22.3, S22.4, S22.5), was obtained from the Community Opioid Dispensing after Injury (CODI) study, which includes person-linked hospitalisation, mortality and community opioid dispensing data. Data were extracted 90-days prior to the index-hospitalisation and 720-days after discharge. Factors associated with long-duration (>90 days cumulatively) and increased end-dose were examined using multivariable logistic regressions, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 4306 patients met the inclusion criteria, and 58.8% had opioids dispensed in the community within 30 days of hospital discharge. 23.6% had long-duration dispensing and 13.7% increased opioid end-doses. Pre-injury opioid use was most associated with long-duration (OR = 12.00, 95% CI 8.99-16.01) and increased end-dose (OR = 9.00, 95% CI 6.75-12.00). Females and older persons had higher odds of long-duration dispensing (Females OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.38-2.22; Age 65+ OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.61). Injury severity and presence of concurrent injuries were not statistically significantly associated with duration or dose (<i>p</i> > .05). Subsequent hospitalisations and death during the follow-up period had statistically significant associations with long-duration and increased end-dose (<i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Opiate prescribing following rib fractures is prolonged in older, and female patients, beyond the traditionally reported recovery time frames requiring analgesia. Previous opioid use (without dependence) is associated with long-duration opioid use and increased end-dose in rib fracture patients. These results support the need for a collaborative health system approach and individualised strategies for high-risk patients with rib fractures to reduce long-term opiate use.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III, Prognostic/Epidemiological.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241300264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent postsurgical pain in hip fracture patients. A prospective longitudinal study with multifaceted assessment.","authors":"Yutaro Nomoto, Yuki Nishi, Koichi Nakagawa, Kyo Goto, Yutaro Kondo, Junichiro Yamashita, Kaoru Morita, Hideki Kataoka, Junya Sakamoto, Minoru Okita","doi":"10.1177/20494637241300385","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241300385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some patients with postoperative hip fractures (HF) experience persistent severe pain. In this longitudinal study, we examined the characteristics of patients with persistent pain after HF surgery, and the factors influencing pain intensity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an 8-week prospective study in patients with postsurgical HF. Verbal rating scale (VRS), and multifaceted outcomes, including pressure pain threshold (PPT) (affected site and biceps), were evaluated at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively. Patients were divided into mild (VRS ≤1) and severe (VRS ≥2) groups according to pain intensity at 8 weeks postoperatively. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA and decision-tree analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VRS, PPT at the affected site and biceps, and physical activity (PA) time were significantly lower in the severe group than in the mild group 2 weeks postoperatively. VRS, PPT at the affected site, pain catastrophizing (PCS)-13, and the Tampa Scale for Kineshiophobia (TSK)-11 did not show significant improvements in the severe group. Decision tree analysis revealed that the VRS and PCS-13 at 4 weeks, PA time at 2 weeks, and TSK-11 change between 4 weeks and 2 weeks were factors influencing severe pain intensity at 8 weeks after HF surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Persistent severe pain after HF surgery was characterised by high peripheral and central sensitisation, pain catastrophizing, and reduced PA at 2 weeks after HF surgery. In addition, early pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, and PA may be hierarchically influential factors for persistent pain 8 weeks after HF surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241300385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costs of physician and diagnostic imaging services for shoulder, knee, and low back pain conditions: A population-based study in Alberta, Canada.","authors":"Nguyen Xuan Thanh, Breda Eubank, Arianna Waye, Jason Werle, Richard Walker, David A Hart, David M Sheps, Geoff Schneider, Tim Takahashi, Tracy Wasylak, Mel Slomp","doi":"10.1177/20494637241298246","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241298246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To 1) estimate the utilization and costs of physician and diagnostic imaging (DI) services for shoulder, knee, and low-back pain (LBP) conditions; and 2) examine determinants of the utilization and costs of these services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients visiting a physician for shoulder, knee, or LBP conditions (identified by the ICD-9 codes) in Alberta, Canada, in fiscal year (FY) 2022/2023 were included. Interested outcomes included numbers and costs of physician visits and DI exams stratified by condition, physician specialty, DI modality, and patients' sex and age. Multivariate regressions were used to examine determinants of the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In FY 2022/2023, 10.4%, 7.0%, and 6.7% of the population saw physicians for shoulder, knee, and LBP conditions, respectively. This costs Alberta $307.04 million ($67.93 per capita), of which shoulder accounted for 41%, knee 28%, and LBP 31%. In the same FY, 17,734 computed tomography (CT), 43,939 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 686 ultrasound (US), and 170,936 X-ray exams related to shoulder/knee/LBP conditions were ordered for these patients, costing another $29.07 million, of which CT accounted for 14%, MRI 48%, US 0%, and X-ray 37%. Female, older age, comorbidity scores, and capital zone used physician services more frequently. Patients with a higher comorbidity index scores or more physician visits were more likely being referred for CT or MRI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Musculoskeletal conditions are common and result in patients seeking healthcare services. Visits to family physicians, specialists, and the ordering of DI contribute to extensive utilization of health services, contributing to considerable health system costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241298246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of social relationships in the biopsychosocial model of pain.","authors":"Daniela Ghio, Sarah Peters","doi":"10.1177/20494637241297274","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241297274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241297274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the feasibility of the GOTT (Gabapentinoid and Opioid Tapering Toolkit) in a primary care setting in North-East England.","authors":"Lucy Johnson, Frances Cole, Rebecca Kinchin, Andrea Francis, Konrad Winiarek, Kate Hampshire, Paul Chazot","doi":"10.1177/20494637241291534","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241291534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the feasibility and possible impacts of implementation of systematic non-pharmacological interventions to reduce the level of prescribing of opioid and gabapentinoid analgesics for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP), particularly high-dose prescriptions, through a proof-of-concept study in a deprived area (second lowest decile) primary care practice in North-East England.</p><p><strong>Participant: </strong>Twenty-five primary care staff (clinical and non-clinical) of which 18 clinicians received the intervention.</p><p><strong>Intervention used in this study practice known as gott gabapentinoid and opioid toolkit: </strong>All clinicians received an educational skills programme to support patient pain self-management, tailored on the clinicians' self-assessment of their learning needs, embedding both clinician skill learning and patient self-care resources for rapid access within consultations into a GP clinical management computer system.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Clinical staff completed questionnaires before and after the GOTT intervention to assess levels of knowledge and confidence in their own skills to support chronic pain self-management across several domains. Prescription data were used to measure changes in opioid and gabapentinoid prescribing at the practice across the 12-month intervention and 30-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prescribing of opioid and gabapentinoid/pregabalin decreased substantially in the practice across the intervention period (c. 90% in high-dose opioid [<i>p</i> = .0118], and 15% gabapentin/pregabalin prescriptions, respectively), over a one-year period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Follow-up analysis showed 100% and c.50% reductions, respectively, in December 2022. The questionnaire data showed an increase in clinician confidence in skills to enable self-management over the intervention period, overall (<i>p</i> = .044) and, specifically across three of the five domains measured: supporting behavioural change (<i>p</i> = .028), supporting self-care (<i>p</i> = .008), and managing difficult consultations (<i>p</i> = .011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GOTT intervention program provided some initial evidence of a proof-of-concept for the implementation of a systematic non-pharmacological pain management skills and resources programme addressing lack of confidence in skills to introduce and support self-management and reduce use of strong opioids and gabapentinoids.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241291534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a novel multicomponent treatment in women with fibromyalgia: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Felipe Araya-Quintanilla, Celia Álvarez-Bueno, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Walter Sepúlveda-Loyola, Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza","doi":"10.1177/20494637241293760","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20494637241293760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multicomponent treatment is commonly used. However, there are no studies that included graded motor imagery and therapeutic neuroscience education to multicomponent treatment for patients with fibromyalgia This study aims to compare the short-term effects (at 12 weeks) of a multicomponent treatment combined with graded motor imagery and therapeutic neuroscience education versus standard treatment in patients with FM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Sixty-five women with a clinical diagnosis of FM were randomly allocated (1:1) into two groups. The experimental group (<i>n</i> = 33) received a novel multicomponent treatment combined with graded motor imagery and neuroscience education. The control group (<i>n</i> = 32) received a standard treatment including pharmacotherapy and standard physician education. The primary outcome was pain intensity assessed with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The secondary outcomes were changes in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-17), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the participants completed the trial. The between-group mean differences at 12 weeks were: NPRS-1.18 points (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.4 to -1.8; η² = 0.47; <i>p</i> < .001); FIQ-16.21 points (95% CI -10.9 to -22.1; η² = 0.58; <i>p</i> < .001); PCS total domain -12.5 points (95% CI -7.2 to -17.8; η² = 0.61; <i>p</i> < .001); TSK-17-6.15 points (95% CI -3.5 to -8.7; η² = 0.52; <i>p</i> < .001); and PSQI-2.74 points (95% CI -1.4 to 4.0; η² = 0.54; <i>p</i> < .001). All differences were statistically significant in favor of the novel multicomponent treatment group and had a large effect size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the short term, a novel multicomponent treatment, including graded motor imagery and neuroscience education, was an effective therapeutic intervention for improving clinical outcomes compared with standard treatment in women with FM. Additional studies are needed to support long-term clinical effectiveness in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46585,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Pain","volume":" ","pages":"20494637241293760"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}