Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena最新文献

{"title":"A MAJOR PREHISPANIC COPPER PRODUCTION CENTER IDENTIFIED AT COLLAHUASI, SOUTHERN TARAPACÁ ALTIPLANO (CHILE)","authors":"V. Figueroa, B. Mille, Diego Salazar, J. Berenguer, A. Menzies, Pía Sapiains, Ariadna Cifuentes, Delphine Joly","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001001","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: En este trabajo se exponen los resultados acerca de la produccion minero-metalurgica en momentos prehispanicos tardios en el distrito de Collahuasi (norte de Chile) a partir de un estudio de la tecnologia empleada asi tambien como de los cambios de la escala de produccion. Nos centraremos en los resultados recientes del estudio de las estructuras pirometalurgicas de Ujina 8 y Ujina 10 y su relacion con el campamento de metalurgistas situado en Collahuasi 37. Las estructuras pirometalurgicas de Ujina 8 y Ujina 10 suman cerca de 50 unidades, constituyendo el sitio metalurgico prehispanico mas grande del norte de Chile. Por su parte, las evidencias metalurgicas y minerales recuperadas fueron sometidas a distintos analisis arqueometricos con el objetivo de identificar los minerales reducidos, los procesos metalurgicos y el cobre metalico producido. Los resultados del estudio de la tecnologia y organizacion de la produccion prehispanica del cobre en Collahuasi seran discutidos en el contexto de los sistemas de minero-metalurgicos preincaicos e incaicos conocidos para la zona de estudio en terminos de sus tecnologias y escalas de produccion. EnglishAbstract: This work presents the results of a study of mining-metallurgical production in late pre-Hispanic times in the Collahuasi Mining District (Northern Chile), specifically examining the technology employed and changes in the scale of production. We focus on recent results obtained in a study of 50 pyrometallurgical furnaces identi ed at the Ujina 8 and Ujina 10 archaeological sites and their relation to Collahuasi 37, the metallurgical camp located in very close vicinity. This makes Ujina 8, Ujina 10, and Collahuasi 37 the largest pre-Hispanic copper production center in Northern Chile. Metallurgical and mineral evidences recovered from these sites were subjected to archaeometric analyses in order to determine the nature of the smelted ore, the complexity of the metallurgical processes used, and the composition of the copper metal produced. The technology and organization of pre-Hispanic copper production observed at Collahuasi will be discussed in the context of pre-Inca and Inca mining-metallurgical systems already identified in northern Chile, especially in regard to the smelting technique and scale of production.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"23 1","pages":"557-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74785060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prácticas profesionales del sexo: el saber de las trabajadoras sexuales en las calles de Iquique","authors":"Jacqueline Espinoza-Ibacache, Lupicínio Iñiguez","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005002001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005002001","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: En el presente articulo identificamos las denominaciones, definiciones y modos de hacer de las mujeres que ejercen practicas profesionales del sexo en las calles de Iquique. Para ello, consideramos la perspectiva etnometodologica que centra su interes en los metodos empleados por las actrices sociales para producir los escenarios sociales en los que participan y, una etnografia que contemplo observaciones y entrevistas en profundidad a trabajadoras sexuales de las calles de la capital de la Region de Tarapaca Chile. Argumentamos que estas actrices sociales denominan a las practicas profesionales del sexo como un trabajo, sin embargo, las acciones moralizantes y juridicas del contexto contribuyen a que se defina como una practica social deslegitimada. Dicha definicion repercute en sus modos de hacer respecto al manejo de sus relaciones familiares, gestion del espacio publico y privado, relaciones de genero, usos del lenguaje. Al focalizarnos en la produccion de estrategias y procedimientos diminutos, situados que les permiten resistir a estas trabajadoras cotidianamente, no pretendemos normalizar su precariedad, sino mas bien senalar que su agencia nos brinda un punto de vista privilegiado sobre como desafiar los limites de patrones hegemonicos que definen lo femenino. EnglishAbstract: In the present article we identify the denominations, definitions and ways of doing of women who practice professional sex in the streets of Iquique (the capital of the Tarapaca Region, northern Chile). We have adopted an ethnomethodological perspective, which focuses on the methods used by social actresses to give meaning to their actions, to carry out an ethnography that included observations and in-depth interviews with sex workers from the streets of Iquique. We argue that these social actresses refer to professional sex practices a work; however, the moralizing and legal actions of the context contribute to their being defined as a delegitimized social practice. This definition has an impact on these sex workers’ ways of doing things regarding the management of their family relationships, the management of public and private space, gender relations, and uses of language. By focusing on the production of tiny strategies and procedures, which allow these workers to resist on a daily basis, we do not intend to normalize their precariousness, but rather to point out that their agency gives us a privileged point of view on how to challenge the limits of hegemonic patterns that define the feminine.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"139 1","pages":"663-671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74133932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prehistoria de la Costa Extremo-Sur del Perú. Los Pescadores Arcaicos de la Quebrada de los Burros (10000 - 7000 a. P.)","authors":"César Méndez","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005002301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005002301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"5 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87728784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La paradoja entre cultura y realidad: el esfuerzo de criar niños y niñas mapuche en comunidades indígenas de Chile","authors":"A. Alarcón, Marcela Castro G., P. ASTUDILLO D, Yolanda Nahuelcheo S.","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001601","url":null,"abstract":"espanolRESUMEN El 35% de la poblacion de la region de La Araucania en Chile es Mapuche y habita mayoritariamente en comunidades campesinas rurales. Este trabajo, aborda el significado del desarrollo de ninos y ninas mapuche en un contexto de conflicto interetnico desde la perspectiva de sus cuidadores. Es un trabajo etnografico desarrollado en comunidades mapuche de Ercilla, Temuco, Lumaco y Collipulli, Puerto Saavedra y Curarrehue. Participaron 60 personas; entre padres, madres, abuelos/as, y profesores rurales, quienes relataron sus experiencias sobre criar ninos y ninas en un territorio caracterizado por pobreza y conflictos socio-politicos. Los resultados muestran que criar ninos/as es un proyecto social y cultural como pueblo mapuche; el cual se caracteriza por la colusion entre las politicas externas que impiden el buen desarrollo de los ninos, y procesos de resistencia cultural que intentan fortalecer la cultura propia. Las familias enfrentan la paradoja de ensenar a ser persona correcta, justa, conocedora del mundo Mapuche, fuerte y genuina en un ambiente de hostilidad, de imposicion de patrones de crianza, educacion y desarrollo ajenos a la cultura propia. Las bases que fundan el bienestar de la comunidad mapuche es el equilibrio, la tranquilidad; en consecuencia es un imperativo etico politico observar que los ninos mapuche se desarrollen en un ambiente de paz. EnglishABSTRACT 35% of the population in the Araucanian region of Chile is Mapuche and lives mainly in rural areas. This paper focuses on the development of Mapuche indigenous children and how their families cope with raising them in a territory characterized by poverty and socio-political conflicts. It is an ethnographic study carried out in Mapuche rural communities (Temuco, Ercilla, Lumaco, Collipulli). Sixty people participated by sharing their experiences through in-depth interviews. The results showed that raising and protecting children is a social and cultural endeavor for the entire community. This is a critical task due to historical political and social constraints. Their culture, history and language strengthen their Mapuche identity and resistance to colonialism. Mapuche families face the paradox of teaching Mapuche culture within an environment of hostility and Chilean ethnocentrism.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"27 1","pages":"651-662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74227938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estudio isotópico del consumo de recursos marítimos y terrestres en la prehistoria del desierto de Atacama","authors":"Charlotte L. King, Bernardo Arriaza, Vivien G. Standen, Andrew R. Millard, Darren R. Gröcke, I. Muñoz, Siân E. Halcrow","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005000802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005000802","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Este trabajo explora desde una perspectiva diacronica la dieta de las poblaciones prehispanicas de la region de Arica mediante analisis isotopicos de δ13C y δ15N, con el proposito de evaluar si hubo cambios en los patrones dietarios desde los primeros agricultores (periodo Formativo, 3500-1500 AP) hasta la ocupacion Inka (periodo Tardio, 550-400 AP). En particular, examina el impacto del consumo del maiz en esta area, durante los periodos de mayor interaccion social con los centros politicos del altiplano. Nuestros resultados muestran una continuidad en el tiempo del consumo de recursos marinos de amplio espectro, mas que un giro hacia la dependencia del consumo del maiz. Ademas, se comparan y contrastan nuestros resultados con otros previamente publicados para otras regiones andinas, demostrando variaciones biogeograficas en el uso de los recursos, probablemente influenciados por los centros politicos Wari, Tiwanaku y luego el imperio Inka. Finalmente, el analisis isotopico incremental del colageno de la dentina en las muestras de infantes de las poblaciones de la region de Arica, indican que el maiz fue un recurso alimenticio durante la fase del destete, demostrando asi un consumo mas marcado durante la infancia que en la adultez. EnglishAbstract: This paper presents the results of isotopic analysis of prehistoric diet in the Arica region. Using δ13C and δ15N values obtained from human collagen we evaluate changes in dietary patterns from the early agricultural period (Formative 3500-1500 BP) through to Inka occupation (Late period 550-400 BP). In particular, we examine the impact of maize consumption in the area during periods of major social interaction with the political centres of the Andean highlands. Our results show the continuation of broadspectrum and marine resource use, rather than a shift to maize-reliance during prehistory. In addition, we compare and contrast our data with previously published work from other Andean regions. We demonstrate biogeographical variation in resource use, probably influenced by the political centres of Wari, Tiwanaku and later the Inka Empire. Contrastingly, results from incremental isotopic analysis of dentine collagen from the Arica infant populations indicate that maize was an important resource for infantweaning, and comprises a more obvious portion of childhood diet than that of adults.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"3 1","pages":"369-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84399883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De senderos a paisajes: paisajes de las movilidades de una comunidad mapuche en los Andes del sur de Chile","authors":"Viviana Huiliñir-Curío","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001301","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Este articulo examina los paisajes de las movilidades de una comunidad mapuche situada en la comuna cordillerana de Curarrehue, zona reconocida por las multiples redes de intercambio y trafico comercial transfronterizo mapuche, en los Andes del sur de Chile. La metodologia de investigacion que orienta este trabajo es cualitativa, con enfoque etnografico y narrativo. A partir de los resultados de la investigacion, se distinguieron tres paisajes asociados a rutas y movilidades especificas de la comunidad: el paisaje de Mongolluko, el paisaje de Anihuerraqui y el paisaje de Trankura. Finalmente, se concluye que los paisajes de las movilidades mapuches se reproducen a traves de las narrativas de las movilidades pasadas y presentes respecto a sitios y rutas especificas, cuyas practicas y discursos desafian y subvierten los efectos de las intervenciones de la agencia estatal en la cordillera de los Andes. EnglishAbstract: This article examines the landscapes of the mobilities of a Mapuche community located in the Andean commune of Curarrehue, recognized by the multiple networks of Mapuche exchange and cross-border commercial traffic in the southern Andes of Chile. The research methodology is qualitative with an ethnographic and narrative approach. Based on the results of the research, three landscapes associated with specific routes and mobilities of the community were distinguished: the Mongolluko landscape, the Anihuerraqui landscape and the Trankura landscape. It is concluded that the landscapes of the Mapuche mobilities are reproduced through narratives of past and present mobilities with regard to specific sites and routes, whose practices and discourses challenge and subvert the effects of State agency on the Andes mountains.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"28 1","pages":"487-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87796471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pluralidad de voces en los discursos del bienestar: Una experiencia etnográfica reflexiva","authors":"J. J. González","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005000803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005000803","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Este articulo reflexiona sobre el reto de visualizar la diversidad de voces y discursos de bienestar en la investigacion etnografica. Basandose en la experiencia etnografica de trabajo de campo en dos localidades de indigenas Raramuri en Mexico, explora la diversidad de voces en la construccion de discursos de bienestar. El articulo, se centra en examinar dos diferentes discursos que articulan visiones de comunidad y formas de vida, y como estas reflejan posiciones de dominio y marginacion dentro de las localidades. Finalizo reflexionando en las formas en que los investigadores se insertan en el campo y los riesgos metodologicos de privilegiar algunas voces sobre otras en la busqueda de nociones colectivas de bienestar. EnglishAbstract: This article reflects on the challenge of visualizing the diversity of voices and discourses about wellbeing in ethnographic research. Based on an ethnographic fieldwork experience in two indigenous locations among the Raramuri people in Mexico, the article explores the plurality of voices in building wellbeing ideas. The article focuses on examining two speeches as articulations of different visions of community and ways of living, and how they reflect positions of domination and marginalization within the indigenous people. The article concludes by reflecting on the ways in which researchers insert themselves in the field and the methodological risks of privileging some voices over others in the pursuit of identifying collective notions of wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"1 1","pages":"513-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74433826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Un enclave arcaico tardío en la aguada costera de Gualaguala (desierto de Atacama, norte de Chile)","authors":"Benjamín Ballester, E. Vidal, E. Calás, Francisco Gallardo, P. Aguilera, C. Pellegrino, Alejandro Clarot","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005000702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005000702","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Presentamos el reporte inicial de recientes excavaciones de un asentamiento con arquitectura lapidaria cercano a la ciudad de Mejillones en el litoral del desierto de Atacama, datado hacia los 5000 cal. AP. Discutimos a traves de su evidencia material la estrategia de importacion hacia el campamento de una produccion extendida geograficamente en distintos ambientes del litoral y el desierto, lo que junto a un trabajo constructivo de caracter colectivo y el uso de entierros humanos en las fundaciones de los recintos habitacionales, podria dar cuenta de una estrategia de asentamiento con campamentos residenciales estables. Propuesta que se discute junto a los datos arqueologicos de otros sitios del periodo ArcaicoTardio litoral (6500-4000 cal. AP). EnglishAbstract: We present an initial report of recent excavations of a settlement with stone architecture near the city of Mejillones, on the Atacama Desert coast, dated to 5000 cal. BP. Through analysis of its material assemblage, we discuss the strategy of import to the site of a production geographically extended over different environments on the littoral and the desert. This, together with collective labor and the presence of human interments underneath the floors of the enclosures, could account for a settlement pattern with stable residential camps. We discuss this by considering archaeological data from other sites of the Late Archaic Period on the coastal desert (6500-4000 cal. BP).","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"28 1","pages":"349-367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83601877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Los albores de la industria salitrera en Tarapacá","authors":"Carlos Donoso Rojas","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001402","url":null,"abstract":"espanolRESUMEN: Nuestro estudio busca complementar investigaciones relativas a los mecanismos de produccion y comercializacion del salitre en el periodo que antecede al ano 1830. En funciones desde el ultimo cuarto del siglo XVIII, la actividad afronto la creciente demanda (consecuente de la diversificacion que experimentaba el uso de nitrato) con un bajo nivel de desarrollo tecnico, un modelo que permanecio invariable durante decadas. Sin inversiones tecnologicas o cientificas orientadas a un provecho eficiente del caliche, la industria suplio la innovacion con el incremento continuo de su oferta laboral, que redundo en la calidad y valor final del producto. La precariedad de una iniciativa que privilegio el trabajo manual por sobre inversiones de capital y la tecnificacion de las faenas, debe ser entendida en el contexto de su epoca, donde el margen de rentabilidad neta del negocio era bajo, al que se sumaba un porvenir incierto, el temprano surgimiento de oligopolios y la inestabilidad politica del Peru en los anos posteriores a la independencia. EnglishABSTRACT: Our research seeks to complement existing information on the mechanisms of production and commercialization of saltpeter in the period preceding the year 1830. Starting in the last quarter of the eighteenth century, this activity faced the increasing demand (as a consequence of the diversification of the use of nitrate) with a low level of technical development, a model that remained unchanged for decades. During the period under study, since there was no technological or scientific investment aimed at an efficient exploitation of nitrate, the industry replaced innovation with an expansion of labor supply, which had an impact on the quality and final value of the product. The precariousness of an initiative that favored manual labor over technological innovation should be understood in the context of its time, where the net profitability margin of the business was low, to which must be added an uncertain future, the early consolidation of oligopolies and the political instability of Peru in the years after its independence.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"51 1","pages":"459-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84650747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS, EMPRESAS DEL LITIO Y SUS RELACIONES EN EL SALAR DE ATACAMA","authors":"Hans Gundermann, Barbara-Compilador Göbel","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"395 3","pages":"471-486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72610916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}