V. Figueroa, B. Mille, Diego Salazar, J. Berenguer, A. Menzies, Pía Sapiains, Ariadna Cifuentes, Delphine Joly
{"title":"A MAJOR PREHISPANIC COPPER PRODUCTION CENTER IDENTIFIED AT COLLAHUASI, SOUTHERN TARAPACÁ ALTIPLANO (CHILE)","authors":"V. Figueroa, B. Mille, Diego Salazar, J. Berenguer, A. Menzies, Pía Sapiains, Ariadna Cifuentes, Delphine Joly","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: En este trabajo se exponen los resultados acerca de la produccion minero-metalurgica en momentos prehispanicos tardios en el distrito de Collahuasi (norte de Chile) a partir de un estudio de la tecnologia empleada asi tambien como de los cambios de la escala de produccion. Nos centraremos en los resultados recientes del estudio de las estructuras pirometalurgicas de Ujina 8 y Ujina 10 y su relacion con el campamento de metalurgistas situado en Collahuasi 37. Las estructuras pirometalurgicas de Ujina 8 y Ujina 10 suman cerca de 50 unidades, constituyendo el sitio metalurgico prehispanico mas grande del norte de Chile. Por su parte, las evidencias metalurgicas y minerales recuperadas fueron sometidas a distintos analisis arqueometricos con el objetivo de identificar los minerales reducidos, los procesos metalurgicos y el cobre metalico producido. Los resultados del estudio de la tecnologia y organizacion de la produccion prehispanica del cobre en Collahuasi seran discutidos en el contexto de los sistemas de minero-metalurgicos preincaicos e incaicos conocidos para la zona de estudio en terminos de sus tecnologias y escalas de produccion. EnglishAbstract: This work presents the results of a study of mining-metallurgical production in late pre-Hispanic times in the Collahuasi Mining District (Northern Chile), specifically examining the technology employed and changes in the scale of production. We focus on recent results obtained in a study of 50 pyrometallurgical furnaces identi ed at the Ujina 8 and Ujina 10 archaeological sites and their relation to Collahuasi 37, the metallurgical camp located in very close vicinity. This makes Ujina 8, Ujina 10, and Collahuasi 37 the largest pre-Hispanic copper production center in Northern Chile. Metallurgical and mineral evidences recovered from these sites were subjected to archaeometric analyses in order to determine the nature of the smelted ore, the complexity of the metallurgical processes used, and the composition of the copper metal produced. The technology and organization of pre-Hispanic copper production observed at Collahuasi will be discussed in the context of pre-Inca and Inca mining-metallurgical systems already identified in northern Chile, especially in regard to the smelting technique and scale of production.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":"23 1","pages":"557-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"9","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001001","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ANTHROPOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Abstract
espanolResumen: En este trabajo se exponen los resultados acerca de la produccion minero-metalurgica en momentos prehispanicos tardios en el distrito de Collahuasi (norte de Chile) a partir de un estudio de la tecnologia empleada asi tambien como de los cambios de la escala de produccion. Nos centraremos en los resultados recientes del estudio de las estructuras pirometalurgicas de Ujina 8 y Ujina 10 y su relacion con el campamento de metalurgistas situado en Collahuasi 37. Las estructuras pirometalurgicas de Ujina 8 y Ujina 10 suman cerca de 50 unidades, constituyendo el sitio metalurgico prehispanico mas grande del norte de Chile. Por su parte, las evidencias metalurgicas y minerales recuperadas fueron sometidas a distintos analisis arqueometricos con el objetivo de identificar los minerales reducidos, los procesos metalurgicos y el cobre metalico producido. Los resultados del estudio de la tecnologia y organizacion de la produccion prehispanica del cobre en Collahuasi seran discutidos en el contexto de los sistemas de minero-metalurgicos preincaicos e incaicos conocidos para la zona de estudio en terminos de sus tecnologias y escalas de produccion. EnglishAbstract: This work presents the results of a study of mining-metallurgical production in late pre-Hispanic times in the Collahuasi Mining District (Northern Chile), specifically examining the technology employed and changes in the scale of production. We focus on recent results obtained in a study of 50 pyrometallurgical furnaces identi ed at the Ujina 8 and Ujina 10 archaeological sites and their relation to Collahuasi 37, the metallurgical camp located in very close vicinity. This makes Ujina 8, Ujina 10, and Collahuasi 37 the largest pre-Hispanic copper production center in Northern Chile. Metallurgical and mineral evidences recovered from these sites were subjected to archaeometric analyses in order to determine the nature of the smelted ore, the complexity of the metallurgical processes used, and the composition of the copper metal produced. The technology and organization of pre-Hispanic copper production observed at Collahuasi will be discussed in the context of pre-Inca and Inca mining-metallurgical systems already identified in northern Chile, especially in regard to the smelting technique and scale of production.
期刊介绍:
Chungara Revista de Antropología Chilena (The Journal of Chilean Anthropology, printed ISSN 0716-1182; online ISSN 0717-7356) was founded in 1972 by the Departamento de Antropología of Universidad del Norte and has been systematically published since then. Currently, it is printed in two issues per volume annually by the Departamento de Antropología, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica Chile. It publishes original articles in the different fields of anthropology and other associated sciences that includes cultural or social anthropology, archaeology, bioarchaeology, ethnobotany, ethnohistory, geography, geology, geoarchaeology, history, linguistics, paleoecology, semiotics, zooarchaeology, conservation of cultural materials, and museology.