CoDAS最新文献

{"title":"MMBGR protocol - diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination in preschoolers.","authors":"Anna Luiza Dos Santos Matos, Giédre Berretin-Felix, Katia Flores Genaro, Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho Barreto, Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel, Andréa Monteiro Correia Medeiros","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250141pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250141pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present the diagnostic accuracy of the scored Clinical Examination of the MMBGR Orofacial Myofunctional Assessment Protocol for the age range of 24 to 71 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diagnostic accuracy validation study with a convenience sample. Fourteen speech-language pathologists analyzed images of 132 participants from the database of previous validation stages, divided into two groups (G1 = 24 to 35 months and 29 days; G2 = 36 to 71 months and 29 days). Each image was analyzed individually and independently by a panel of three expert speech-language pathologists, with agreement between at least two evaluators considered valid. Opinions regarding domains of the orofacial myofunctional examination, Orofacial Myofunctional Disorder (OMD), and referral needs were recorded using an electronic form. The speech-language pathologists' responses based on clinical experience, without using the protocol (gold standard), were compared with those obtained using the Protocol (index test). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied, cutoff points were established, and sensitivity and specificity values were obtained using R Core Team software (2022).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diagnostic accuracy in preschool children in G1 was ideal and in G2 was reasonable for orofacial structures. For orofacial functions, accuracy was ideal in G1 and reasonable in G2; for tone, accuracy was reasonable in both groups. For OMD, accuracy was reasonable for both G1 and G2. The cutoff point for OMD was 15 (24-35 months) and 22 (36-71 months). Accuracy was reasonable for predicting multidisciplinary and speech-language pathology referrals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MMBGR Protocol demonstrated adequate diagnostic accuracy for orofacial structures and functions in preschool children. It showed reasonable accuracy for diagnosing OMD and for predicting multidisciplinary and speech-language pathology referrals.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of tympanometry cutoff points in children from Central-Western Brazil.","authors":"Cláudia Cruvinel Câmara, Melissa Ameloti Gomes Avelino, Paulo Sergio Sucasas da Costa, Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho, Maria Claret Costa Monteiro Hadler","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250100en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250100en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated tympanometric cutoff points (tympanometric peak pressure and static compliance) for transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and determined their diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analytical study, based on a randomized clinical trial, included 84 children (6-42 months; median 24 months) from public childcare centers in Brazil. Associations between cutoff points and TEOAEs were verified by Fisher's exact test and Chi-square. Kappa assessed agreement between ears, and the correlation between tympanometric peak pressure and static compliance was analyzed by Spearman. Diagnostic accuracy was determined using ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves and confirmed with EpiDat 3.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 84 children, 66 right ears and 73 left ears were examined; however, 42 ears were randomly selected from each side for the final analysis. A significant correlation was found between peak pressure and static compliance. ROC analysis identified -180 daPa as the most accurate cutoff (AUC = 0.781; 95% CI: 0.656-0.905; p < 0.001). EpiDat indicated a specificity of 93.9%, a sensitivity of 55.6%, and an overall accuracy of 85.7%. Static compliance <0.2 mL showed comparable performance (specificity = 98.5%, sensitivity = 50.0%, accuracy = 88.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cutoff point of -180 daPa combined with static compliance <0.2 mL improved screening accuracy and reduced unnecessary referrals. It provided the best balance between specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy, aligning more closely with TEOAEs results and supporting updating this tympanometric criterion in infant hearing screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Words for clinical use in speech-language pathology in Brazilian portuguese-speaking children: a focus on familiarity and representativeness from expert judges.","authors":"Yanela Paola Jaimes Parada, Vitor Cantele Malavolta, Denis Altieri de Oliveira Moraes, Simone Nicolini de Simoni, Márcia Keske-Soares","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250307es","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250307es","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide a word bank based on familiarity and representativeness for the 18- to 36-month age group, considering the Brazilian cultural context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative design. The questionnaire, sent to expert judges, was based on the list of words and sentences from the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MB-CDIs). Three groups of experts participated: experienced speech therapists, speech therapists, and mothers with no training in the area. The questionnaire included 21 questions on familiarity and 13 on representation, which were answered using a Likert scale on familiarity (familiar or unfamiliar) and representativeness (representation by pictures or not). The responses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and visually represented through word clouds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the criteria, only those that met the mean values were selected, leaving a total of 146 words. Based on the list from the MB-CDIs inventory adapted to Portuguese, the words were organized by category to generate the word bank, called the Word Bank for Childhood Language Development (BPDLI): A Validated Instrument for Brazilian Portuguese.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work provides a validated tool that can be used in clinical language assessment and intervention at early ages, allowing for greater sensitivity to the child's cultural and family context. This word bank also has therapeutic potential for approaches to phonology, narrative language, and augmentative and alternative communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of neural coding of speech in monaural and binaural conditions in children with speech sound disorder.","authors":"Marciana da Costa Carlos, Thaís Nobre Uchôa Souza, Ranilde Cristiane Cavalcante Costa, Aline Tenório Lins Carnaúba","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250421pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250421pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze whether children with phonological disorder present alterations in the neural coding of speech, using Frequency Following Response (FFR) under monaural and binaural conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an analytical, observational, cross-sectional study with a sample of 21 children with phonological disorders and 21 with typical development. They underwent the following procedures: medical history survey, phonological assessment, inspection of the external auditory canal, and audiological and electrophysiological evaluation, performed in one or two sessions. FFR was performed with the speech stimulus /da/, in two sweeps of 3000 stimuli at 80 dB HL, with a rate of 10.9 stimuli/second, a duration of 40 ms, and an analysis window of 74.677 ms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children with phonological disorders presented higher latency values ​​in all conditions than those with typical development, with statistical significance in the latency of wave V, and lower amplitudes than those with typical development, although without statistical significance. In terms of stimulus presentation, the binaural condition showed significantly larger amplitudes than the monaural conditions, suggesting the presence of a binaural summation effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with phonological disorders present alterations in speech encoding, evidenced by delays in FFR responses under both monaural and binaural conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey of strategies for the early diagnosis of hearing loss in infants: a scoping review.","authors":"Allan Dayner Silva Lopes, Antônio Pereira de Carvalho Filho, Sanmara de Andrade Silva, Rodrigo Oliveira da Fonseca, Maiara Cristine Oliveira de Almeida, Maria Helena Medeiros de Sá Lima Lucena, Karinna Veríssimo Meira Taveira, Hannalice Gottschalck Cavalcanti","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250375pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250375pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To map the strategies used for the early diagnosis of hearing loss in infants.</p><p><strong>Research strategies: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, with no restrictions on language or publication period. The search was initially performed in October 2024 and updated in January 2026. Controlled descriptors (DeCS/MeSH) and keywords related to hearing loss, newborn hearing screening, and early diagnosis were used. The protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Primary studies addressing strategies for the early diagnosis of hearing loss in children up to two years of age were included. Secondary studies, case reports, guidelines, duplicate publications, and studies without full-text availability were excluded. Study selection was performed independently by reviewers, with disagreements resolved by consensus.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Extracted data included study design, population, diagnostic instruments, strategies, and care setting. A descriptive and narrative synthesis was conducted, grouping evidence according to diagnostic approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 16,946 records identified, 58 studies published between 1991 and 2025 met the eligibility criteria. Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) predominated, particularly protocols combining otoacoustic emissions and automated auditory brainstem response. Complementary strategies included two-stage screening, early retesting, community-based programs, genetic screening, and additional electrophysiological assessments. Variability in protocol implementation and persistent structural inequalities were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UNHS remains the cornerstone of early diagnosis of hearing loss in infants, with effectiveness dependent on well-organized care pathways and integration between screening, diagnosis, and follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and impact of orofacial pain in older adults with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mylena de Abreu Cardoso, Kaliane Rodrigues da Cruz, Rayane Délcia da Silva, Karinna Veríssimo Meira Taveira, José Stechman-Neto, Cristiano Miranda de Araujo, Thalita de Paris Matos Bronholo, Angela Graciela Deliga Schroder","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250380en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250380en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence and impact of orofacial pain among older adults with dementia.</p><p><strong>Research strategies: </strong>Observational studies were retrieved from EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, Livivo, and Web of Science databases, in addition to gray literature. The search included studies without language or date restrictions.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Eligible studies included participants aged 60 years or older with any type of dementia, reporting the presence, frequency, or characteristics of orofacial pain. Case reports, reviews, and experimental animal studies were excluded.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Data were extracted independently by calibrated reviewers. Meta-analyses were performed using RStudio software, calculating pooled prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of orofacial pain among older adults with dementia was 19%, regardless of dementia type. Associated factors included poor oral hygiene, presence of natural dentition, and xerostomia. Communication difficulties, particularly in non-verbal patients, represented the main diagnostic barrier.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one in five older adults with dementia experiences orofacial pain, which significantly affects quality of life. However, underdiagnosis remains common due to cognitive and communicative limitations. Improving professional training, multidisciplinary collaboration, and public health strategies focused on oral healthcare in long-term care facilities are essential to enhance pain detection and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group performance differences in reading, math, and science by fourth graders with and without communication disorders.","authors":"Courtney Karasinski","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250322en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250322en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Theoretical perspectives of learning academic subjects and curricular standards highlight the critical role of language ability. Thus, it is important to assess the academic achievement of children with language deficits to ensure the development of interventions to facilitate success in the classroom. This investigation aimed to compare the performance of fourth graders with communication disorders (ComDis) to those with typical language development (GenEd) on measures of reading, mathematics, and science achievement. Interaction effects of gender and income with language status were examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from an extant dataset, the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Class of 2010-11. ANOVA compared performance on measures of reading, mathematics, and science in ComDis and GenEd fourth graders and the relation of gender and income.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all three subjects, GenEd students scored higher than ComDis students, and upper-income students earned significantly higher scores than middle-income students, who earned significantly higher scores than low-income homes. Mathematics was a relative strength for children across communication status, income, and gender. A female advantage was found in reading, but not in mathematics or science.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Communication deficits and low-income status adversely impact mastery of academic content. It is critical that speech-language pathologists collaborate with content-area teachers to ensure academic success for these children.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and disability assessment in individuals with hearing loss: a longitudinal study using WHODAS 2.0.","authors":"Karen Melissa Gonzaga Dos Santos, Rogéria Cristina Toscano Dias, Jade Louise Alves Macedo Padilha Silva, Gizele Francisco Ferreira do Nascimento","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250297pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250297pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the self-perception of health and disability of individuals with bilateral hearing loss (HL) before and after one year of using hearing aids, using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal, observational and analytical-descriptive study, approved by the research ethics committee under opinion number 6.767.314, in which 15 individuals diagnosed with mild to severe hearing loss and wearing bilateral hearing aids (HA) were assessed. The WHODAS 2.0 was applied at the time of fitting and reapplied after one year of use. The mean scores in the six domains of the instrument (cognition, mobility, self-care, getting along, life activities and participation) were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A reduction in disability was observed after using HA, with an average reduction of 12% in WHODAS scores. Domains such as cognition, self-care, and participation showed statistical differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WHODAS 2.0 proved effective in assessing and monitoring disability and its impact on the functioning of individuals with HL, being sensitive to changes promoted by the use of HA, despite the absence of statistical significance in some variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-reported voice and swallowing outcomes and their impact on quality of life in the late postoperative period following total thyroidectomy.","authors":"Lívia Lima do Nascimento Silva, Vivian Lisboa de Lucena, Ana Flávia de Sales Cândido, Raphaela de Lima Cruz, Anna Alice Almeida, Leandro Pernambuco","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250387pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250387pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze self-assessment of voice and swallowing in the late postoperative period of total thyroidectomy and the impact of surgery on quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution. Seventeen women aged between 32 and 58 years participated in the study, mostly married, with completed higher education, residing outside the metropolitan region, who underwent total thyroidectomy without cervical lymph node dissection, without adjuvant radiotherapy, and without postoperative speech therapy follow-up for at least 6 months. Demographic and clinical data were collected, as well as the results of the Thyroidectomy-Related Voice and Symptom Questionnaire (TVSQ) and the Thyroid-Related Patient-Reported Outcome - 39 (ThyPro-39) questionnaires. Data analysis was performed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median total TVSQ score was 26, with the highest scores found in the two cases that underwent cervical lymph node dissection. Domain 1 (vocal symptoms) of the TVSQ contributed most to the total score (48.52%). In domain 2 (oropharyngolaryngeal symptoms) of the TVSQ, scores were closer to the upper limit, representing a higher frequency of symptoms. The ThyPro-39 results revealed a greater impact of thyroidectomy on fatigue, anxiety, cognitive problems, emotion, and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women undergoing total thyroidectomy present vocal and swallowing symptoms, with a predominance of vocal symptoms in the long term, associated with the negative impact of surgery on physical, emotional, and mental well-being. Furthermore, there is a compromise in quality of life regarding fatigue, emotional aspects, anxiety, cognitive problems, and depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced version of the MBGR protocol: validity based on content and the response processes.","authors":"Asenate Soares de Matos Pereira, Herick Santos Assis, Paola Pereira Leite, Katia Flores Genaro, Giédre Berretin-Felix","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250355pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/e20250355pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Considering the clinical need for greater assessment efficiency, this study aimed to present the short version of the MBGR Protocol, addressing the stages of content-based validity evidence and response process validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A preliminary version of the reduced MBGR Protocol was developed based on the original version and subjected to the Delphi methodology. Content validation was conducted in two rounds, using a Likert scale to assess the relevance and representativeness of the items. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated. For the response process validation, 11 speech- language pathologists (SLPs) were trained, and the protocol was applied to 11 patients, with video recording. Subsequently, the professionals completed a questionnaire, and the responses were analyzed and discussed with an expert committee. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the reduced and original versions, using paired t-tests or the Wilcoxon test, with a significance level set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial proposal of the reduced protocol included 36 items. Of the 11 invited experts, seven analyzed and provided feedback on each item, leading to the exclusion of 17 items. The content validity evidence yielded a global CVI of 87%. During the response process evaluation, the SLPs reported adequate understanding and applicability of the short version. Most professionals considered the original protocol too extensive and the reduced version more feasible for clinical practice. The suggestions were mostly incorporated by the authors, resulting in adjustments and exclusions that finalized the reduced protocol, with a total score ranging from 0 to 137 points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reduced version of the MBGR Protocol demonstrated evidence of content validity and response process validation, resulting in a final version with a shorter application time, making it more suitable for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"38 5","pages":"e20250355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}