Journal of Optometry最新文献

{"title":"A lower birth weight percentile is associated with central corneal thickness thinning: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES)","authors":"Achim Fieß ,&nbsp;Stephanie D. Grabitz ,&nbsp;Eva Mildenberger ,&nbsp;Michael S. Urschitz ,&nbsp;Agnes Fauer ,&nbsp;Ulrike Hampel ,&nbsp;Joanna Wasielica-Poslednik ,&nbsp;Fred Zepp ,&nbsp;Norbert Pfeiffer ,&nbsp;Alexander K. Schuster","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Prematurity, prenatal growth restriction, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are associated with altered ocular geometry, such as a steeper corneal shape in childhood, but it is unclear whether perinatal history affects corneal thickness development, so this study investigated whether corneal thickness in adulthood is affected by perinatal history.</p></div><div><h3>Marterials and Methods</h3><p>The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective ophthalmologic examination in Germany. The corneal thickness was measured by Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and the relationship between perinatal parameters respective birth weight percentile and corneal thickness at different locations was assessed using uni- and multivariable linear regression models. Covariates included age, sex, mean corneal radius, white-to-white distance, gestational age, birth weight percentile, ROP occurrence, and treatment. The main outcome measures were corneal thickness at the apex, the pupil center, and the corneal periphery.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The corneal thickness was measured in 390 participants (754 eyes, mean age 29.7+/-8.7 years, 224 females). In multivariable analyses, a lower birth weight percentile was associated with a lower corneal thickness at the apex (<em>B</em> = 0.20, <em>p</em> = 0.003) and the pupil (<em>B</em> = 0.19, <em>p</em> = 0.007). These effects diminished towards the corneal periphery and were not observed beyond the 4-mm diameter circle around the thinnest corneal position. Neither gestational age, ROP occurrence, or ROP treatment affected the corneal thickness.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A lower birth weight percentile in subjects born preterm as a proxy for restricted fetal growth is associated with corneal thickness thinning in adults aged 18 to 52 years, indicating that corneal thickness development, particularly in the corneal center, may originate in the fetal stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104790/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9300425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected vision performance with photochromic contact lenses in normal and low light conditions: An analysis of two randomized trials","authors":"John Buch,&nbsp;Leilani Sonoda,&nbsp;Jessica Cannon","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Evaluate the performance of a photochromic contact lens in various lighting conditions throughout the day, including those indoor and outdoor environments where the photochromic contact lens is in a less active or inactive state.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data from two clinical trials of a photochromic contact lens were analyzed to evaluate its performance in various light environments. Both studies involved a photochromic test lens (ACUVUE® OASYS with Transitions™ Light Intelligent Technology™) and a similar non-photochromic control lens (ACUVUE® OASYS 2-week with HYDRACLEAR® PLUS). The studies were both multi-visit, multi-site, 2-treatment by 3-period randomized crossover (i.e., Test/Control/Control or Control/Test/Test) dispensing studies, with follow-up visits after each 2-week dispensing period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 250 subjects were dispensed lenses across both studies, of which 237 total subjects completed. In situations where exposure to an activating light source is common (e.g., outdoors), the Test lens was preferred nearly 6:1 over the control lens. In situations where exposure to an activating light source is less common – indoors, driving at night, using digital devices –, the Test lens was still preferred over the control lens by margins of 4:1, nearly 4:1, and over 3:1 respectively. The Test lens was superior with respect to quality of vision, ability to see comfortably, clarity of vision, reduction of squinting while using computers and reduction of bright light while driving at night.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The photochromic test contact lens was rated superior to a non-photochromic control lens in environmental situations where the lens is in a less active or inactive state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104794/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9676416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities and threats to contact lens practice in Spain","authors":"Clara Martínez-Pérez ,&nbsp;César Villa-Collar ,&nbsp;Jacinto Santodomingo-Rubido ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Shinde ,&nbsp;Nilesh Thite ,&nbsp;James S. Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>An international survey evaluated the opportunities and threats related to contact lens practice reported by eye care professionals worldwide. This study reports on the results specifically found in Spain and how these compare with those from other regions of the world.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A questionnaire was distributed to eye care practitioners around the world through professional associations. The questionnaire consisted of 9, 5 and 12 questions about opportunities, interventions, and potential threats related to contact lens practice, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2,408 responses were obtained from practitioners worldwide, of which 436 responses were obtained from Spanish practitioners. Spain was found among the regions with the highest perception of opportunities (median: 6.5/10) along with Australasia, North America, Europe, and South America. Spanish (median: 7.3/10), along with South American practitioners, also reported the highest perception of threats. Continuously updating of knowledge/skills, recommending contact lens wearing options to potential patients, creating an efficient recall system for follow-up examinations and being competent in managing contact lens-related complications were reported as important interventions for contact lens practice growth by Spanish eye care practitioners.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Spain is one of the regions in the world with the highest perception of both opportunities and threats regarding future contact lens practice. As such, Spanish practitioners consider it important to continuously update knowledge/skills and to recommend and educate patients on the benefits of contact lens wear. Online sales were found to be one of the most important concerns reported by both Spanish and eye care practitioners worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 116-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104793/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9307058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optometry research in Spain: Topics of interest, institutions and investigators","authors":"Genis Cardona ,&nbsp;Laura Puigdueta-Carrera ,&nbsp;Nathan Efron","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2021.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2021.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To determine the institutions, journals of choice and topics of investigation of the most prolific and highly cited Spanish optometrist researchers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>As a primary search strategy, the Scopus database (Elsevier) was queried with the terms (optometr* OR \"contact lens*\" OR refracti* OR *ocular) and the affiliation country filter “Spain”. The list of authors returned by the primary search was used in a secondary manual search based on co-authors and institutions. Authors were included in the analysis if they had an h-index &gt; 10, were of Spanish nationality, were affiliated to Spanish institutions, and possessed an optometry degree. Authors were ranked by h-index, number of publications and number of citations. Topics of research interest and target journals were determined by analyzing the 10 most highly cited papers of each author.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 32 authors with an h-index &gt; 10 were identified, of whom 14 (43.7%) were female. Only one author had an h-index &gt; 40, and 7 (21.9%) authors had an h-index over 20. The Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery was the first journal of choice (19.1% of highest cited papers), followed by Optometry and Vision Science (10.3%). The Universidad Complutense de Madrid hosted the largest percentage of authors (18.7%), followed by the Universitat de València (15.6%). Main topics of research interest were topography (6.5% of papers), cornea (6.2%) and contact lens (5.0%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Optometry in Spain is a fertile field of research, with an increasing number of highly cited authors publishing in high impact journals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 167-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104787/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9675918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Delphi study to identify and assess professional competencies in the education of optometrists","authors":"Guadalupe Rodríguez-Zarzuelo ,&nbsp;Ángela Gómez-Niño ,&nbsp;Raúl Martín-Herranz","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2021.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2021.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this study was to identify, assess, and reach a consensus on the professional competencies that optometrists must acquire during their undergraduate training at the University of Valladolid. The results obtained may be useful in the revision of the current curriculum.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A three round Delphi study was carried out with the participation of 116 participants grouped in 7 panels. In the first round, competencies were identified through an open-ended question and their frequency calculated. In the successive 2nd and 3rd rounds, the consensus and stability of each competency was established.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 56 professional competencies were identified, with 43 of them (77%) achieving a consensus among participants, of which the highest scores were obtained by the competencies that correspond to health functions of primary visual care. Out of the 13 competencies without consensus, for 11 of them this was due to the significant differences in assessment among the consulted participants; for 8 competencies (14%) response stability was found, while neither consensus nor stability were reached in 5 (9%) of the identified competencies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results obtained with this Delphi study provide a set of relevant competencies for updating the curriculum of the university Degree in Optics and Optometry at the University of Valladolid, improving its suitability to current and future professional reality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 151-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104791/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9661778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does visual acuity predict visual preference in progressive addition lenses?","authors":"Richard Legras ,&nbsp;Marc Vincent ,&nbsp;Gildas Marin","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We aimed to determine if visual acuity (VA) could differentiate the quality of vision with two ophthalmic lenses with unwanted astigmatism.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty presbyopic subjects (48 to 62 years old; VA better than 0.0 logMAR) graded the magnitude of their preference between two progressive addition lenses (plano addition 2.00D) and their visual acuities were measured with both lenses at various eccentricities from -12 to +12 mm from the near vision point every 3 mm in controlled conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The Lens with the least peripheral astigmatism was preferred by 75% of the subjects. VA measured at the near vision point was statistically worse (p&lt;0.01) with this lens whereas the contrary was observed in the periphery (± 12 and -9 mm of eccentricity). The Friedman test shows that the eccentricity (p&lt;0.001) has a significant effect on visual acuity. However, the lens did not show any significant effect (p=0.76). The choice of the favorite lens was predicted for only 35% when considering central VA (up to 6mm) and 80% of the subjects when considering peripheral VA (9 to 12mm). However, the magnitude of the difference could be predicted by peripheral VA in only 60% of the subjects.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>High contrast Visual acuity was clearly able to differentiate the 2 lens designs tested in our experiment. However, even under the controlled conditions of this study, it was not possible to predict the quality of vision, as measured by a subjective appreciation, through progressive addition lenses at various eccentricities from the near vision with an addition of 2.0D.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104795/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9300426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the protective role of the blood vessels in glaucomatous damage: A transversal study","authors":"Yaiza Cánovas-Serrano ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Vallés-San-Leandro ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Izquierdo ,&nbsp;Rafael López-Serrano ,&nbsp;Jerónimo Lajara-Blesa","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2021.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2021.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To corroborate whether vessels on the surface of the optic nerve head can provide protection against the loss of underlying axons in subjects with manifest glaucoma.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this pilot study, thirty-six glaucomatous eyes with a perimetric defect in the Bjerrum area were included. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was measured in each of the sectors of the clock-hour map obtained by Cirrus HD-OCT considering the presence or absence of blood vessels. These sectors were related with their corresponding areas of the retina examined in the visual field using a mathematical model of the retina introduced by Jansonius, in order to determine the values of threshold sensitivity in those areas in the presence or absence of vessels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We corroborated the protective role of the blood vessel for peripapillary RNFL thickness of clock-hour 12 despite obtaining a p-value (p = 0.023; w = 228.5) close to the acceptance zone (p ≥ 0.05). The mean ± standard deviation with vessel and without vessel were 70.95 ± 24.35 and 88.46 ± 23.96, respectively. No differences were found between the mean values of threshold sensitivity to the presence or absence of blood vessels in each of the sectors considered.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings do not allow us to affirm that there is an association between the presence of a vessel and protection against glaucomatous damage in subjects with an advanced manifestation of the disease. In the future, more extensive studies are needed to study this relationship in subjects with early glaucoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/33/fb/main.PMC9811363.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10482572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of low vision on social function: The potential importance of lost visual social cues","authors":"Susanne Klauke ,&nbsp;Chloe Sondocie ,&nbsp;Ione Fine","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Visual cues usually play a vital role in social interaction. As well as being the primary cue for identifying other people, visual cues also provide crucial non-verbal social information via both facial expressions and body language. One consequence of vision loss is the need to rely on non-visual cues during social interaction. Although verbal cues can carry a significant amount of information, this information is often not available to an untrained listener. Here, we review the current literature examining potential ways that the loss of social information due to vision loss might impact social functioning. A large number of studies suggest that low vision and blindness is a risk factor for anxiety and depression. This relationship has been attributed to multiple factors, including anxiety about disease progression, and impairments to quality of life that include difficulties reading, and a lack of access to work and social activities. However, our review suggests a potential additional contributing factor to reduced quality of life that has been hitherto overlooked: blindness may make it more difficult to effectively engage in social interactions, due to a loss of visual information. The current literature suggests it might be worth considering training in voice discrimination and/or recognition when carrying out rehabilitative training in late blind individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/86/b6/main.PMC9811370.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10485433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical review of the relationship between contact lens wear and meibomian gland dysfunction","authors":"Reut Ifrah ,&nbsp;Lluisa Quevedo ,&nbsp;Liat Gantz","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contact lens (CL) wearers often suffer from ocular discomfort, which leads to cessation of CL wear. About 30% to 50% of CL wearers complain of dry eye (DE) symptoms. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is considered the most common cause of evaporative DE. Numerous studies have investigated whether CL wear might affect the meibomian glands. This manuscript reviews studies examining the relationship between CL use and MGD. A PubMed database search was conducted for studies published between 1980-2021 with one or a combination of search terms related to “meibomian gland”, “meibomian gland dysfunction”, “contact lens”, and/or “dry eye”. Of the 115 papers reviewed, 22 articles were identified that examined the association between CL and MGD. Fifteen showed that CL wear affects the morphology and function of meibomian glands (MGs), while seven reported no significant impact of CL wear on MGs. This review provides an overview of these studies, emphasizing the diagnostic tests of MGD and conclusions. The review highlights the need for longitudinal prospective large cohort studies with control non- CL wearers to clarify the ambiguous relationship between MGD and CL wear, with special attention to varying CL material and wear times in order to identify the long-term impact of CLs on MG.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 12-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/d1/main.PMC9811360.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10834973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: Mallett unit or fully fusionable images for prisms against asthenopia?","authors":"Wolfgang Jaschinski","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 88-89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/81/main.PMC9811359.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10486970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}