Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy最新文献

{"title":"A Multilevel Spatial Model to Investigate Voting Behaviour in the 2019 UK General Election","authors":"Kevin Horan,&nbsp;Chris Brunsdon,&nbsp;Katarina Domijan","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09563-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09563-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a modelling framework which can detect the simultaneous presence of two different types of spatial process. The first is the variation from a global mean resulting from a geographical unit’s ‘<i>vertical</i>’ position within a nested hierarchical structure such as the county and region where it is situated. The second is the variation at the smaller scale of individual units due to the ‘<i>horizontal</i>’ influence of nearby locations. The former is captured using a multi-level modelling structure while the latter is accounted for by an autoregressive component at the lowest level of the hierarchy. Such a model not only estimates spatially-varying parameters according to geographical scale, but also the relative contribution of each process to the overall spatial variation. As a demonstration, the study considers the association of a selection of socio-economic attributes with voting behaviour in the 2019 UK general election. It finds evidence of the presence of both types of spatial effects, and describes how they suggest different associations between census profile and voting behaviour in different parts of England and Wales.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"703 - 727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-023-09563-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139423781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Visualization: Community-Level Effects of Sport Industry on Community Resilience","authors":"Jinwon Kim,&nbsp;Changwook Kim","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09560-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09560-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The heightened occurrence and escalation of both natural and human-induced hazards, such as hurricanes, floods, and industrial accidents, have had adverse impacts on community health, well-being, and sustainability. Enhancing community resilience to the hazards is one of the top priorities for researchers and policymakers. The sport industry is a potential economic driver, generating significant tangible and intangible community benefits in region-based resilience development. Despite the community benefits of the sport industry at the community level, there has been limited research that visualized the community-level effects of sport industry on community resilience. This study aims to investigate how the sport industry impacts community resilience in a spatially heterogeneous manner. To achieve the purpose, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) was utilized for conducting spatial regression analysis on a dataset related to community resilience at the county level. The analysis also examined the clustering of 16 distinct sport industries within 67 counties in Florida. The findings of the study suggest that the concentration of 10 sport industries exhibited either a positive or negative correlation with community resilience. Furthermore, these relationships were spatially heterogeneous. Such findings can help sport researchers and community sport policymakers establish localized community sport development policies within regional sport industry sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"681 - 701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139421135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Use of a Spatial Harmful Algal Bloom Vulnerability Index for Informing Environmental Policy and Advancing Environmental Justice","authors":"Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Arika Ligmann-Zielinska,&nbsp;Mark Axelrod,&nbsp;Semra A. Aytur","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09559-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09559-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent decades, harmful algal blooms (HABs) have increased significantly in Lake Erie. The blooms can affect human health, aquatic ecosystems, and the local economy. The effects can vary across communities in the Lake Erie Basin due to local socioeconomic status and dependence on lake resources. Therefore, it is crucial to identify HAB-vulnerable populations and regions to adjust regional governance strategies and allocate resources for government support. This study introduces a 5-theme spatial HAB vulnerability index (HAB-VI) comprised of socioeconomic, resource dependence, and spatial factors affecting vulnerability to HAB events. Using a multi-factor hierarchical model, it also applies the index to evaluate the HAB-related vulnerabilities of 50 counties in the Lake Erie Basin. Uncertainty analysis is an essential step to assess the robustness of the model and the stability of the calculated indices. The research utilizes a Monte Carlo-based uncertainty analysis and visualizes the statistical results of the simulation runs to indicate the variability and reliability of the HAB-VI rankings. Comparing thematic maps of the generated HAB-VI rankings, indicators of local governance strength, and nonpoint nutrient loads provides further insights into prioritizing the regions for government support and building community resilience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"651 - 680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-023-09559-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139413784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Diseases Mortality in Mexican Municipalities: A Spatio-Temporal Approach","authors":"Emerson Augusto Baptista","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09562-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09562-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for approximately 74% of all deaths globally in 2022. Among the deaths from NCDs, the leading causes is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which represents approximately 32% of all global deaths. Furthermore, estimates indicate that over three-quarters of CVD deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries such as Mexico. Therefore, the goal of this study is to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of mortality from cardiovascular diseases across Mexican municipalities from 2010 to 2019. We used a spatial Bayesian hierarchical regression model based on the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) and implemented in the R-INLA package to study the spatial pattern of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Mexican municipalities. The modeling process revealed that the best model for both populations under and over 60 years old was the spatio-temporal model with space-time interaction. Overall, the purely spatial results suggest that the relative risks for both age groups (under and over 60 years old) do not have a consistent spatial pattern in 2019. On the other hand, the spatio-temporal results show that the interactions are stronger for the population over 60 years of age. This paper demonstrates the importance of assessing not only the spatial pattern of deaths, but also simultaneously incorporating temporal trends. With the understanding that this relationship (space-time) cannot be neglected, first the results of a purely spatial model are presented and, soon after, this model is expanded and the spatio-temporal results of mortality from cardiovascular diseases across Mexican municipalities from 2010 to 2019 are shown.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"637 - 650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-023-09562-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanicity and Depression among Chinese Youth: a Cross-Sectional Study Based on the China Labor-Force Dynamic Survey","authors":"Zhixin Feng,&nbsp;Yajing Tang,&nbsp;Hongbin Huang,&nbsp;Ye Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09548-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09548-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many of China’s youth are struggling with mental health problems, and 24.6% of them were threatened by depression in 2022. Although various factors, like housing prices and the social trust crisis arising from fast urbanization, have been found to be primary social determinants of depression among Chinese young adults, the socio-psychological pathways linking urbanicity and their risk of depression are still unclear. This study aims to investigate associations between urbanicity and the severity of depressive symptoms among Chinese youth and explore the mediating roles of regular physical exercise, social capital, housing prices, and housing congestion in these associations using data from the 2016 wave of China’s Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS). Structural Equation Modelling was used. Results show that a high level of urbanicity was negatively associated with young adults’ depressive symptoms. Housing prices significantly mediated the associations between the level of urbanicity and depressive symptoms; while, social capital, physical exercise and housing congestion were not associated between the level of urbanicity and depressive symptoms. Our findings may have policy implications regarding how to protect young people against depression in rapidly urbanizing China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"619 - 636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Rise Amplifies Environmental Inequities? Europe’s North-South Divide","authors":"Bardia Mashhoodi","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09555-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09555-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evidence shows that global warming does not affect all geographical areas and social groups equally. In this line, various previous studies analysed inequality and overexposure of socioeconomic groups to land surface temperature (LST) as a proxy for heat exposure. However, the previous studies did not offer insight into whether inequality perpetuates, increases or decreases in the event of a vast increase in LST and whether such association differs from one geographic context to another. This study seeks answers to a core research question: Does higher LST trigger higher inequality in Europe? This study measures the magnitude (population-weighted average) and inequality (population-weighted Gini) of exposure to LST in different areas of Europe. It adapts local and global Moran’s I and the Local Bivariate Relationship analyses. The results show that high magnitudes of LST are clustered in southern Europe and low values in the northern. High values of inequality are less clustered and can be found anywhere across Europe. In the north of Europe, there is a convex (U-shaped) relationship between LST magnitude and inequality, i.e. the highest inequality occurs at the highest and lowest magnitudes. Oppositely, the relationship is concave (⋂-shaped) in the south of Europe. Ultimately, the results are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"599 - 617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138715116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic Distribution of Economic Inequality and Crime in Indonesia: Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and Spatial Econometrics Approach","authors":"Putu Angga Widyastaman,&nbsp;Djoni Hartono","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09556-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09556-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indonesia has serious crime issues. Since there are pieces of evidence that economic inequality may cause crime incidences, various studies have been carried out to verify the relationship. However, very few of these studies considered the geographical pattern and spatial linkages between crime and its determinants, particularly inequality. This paper examines the geographical pattern of economic inequality and crime as well as local and spillover effects of within and across-districts/cities inequality on the crime rate. Using data from 483 Indonesian districts/cities from 2010 to 2020, this study employed local indicators of spatial association (LISA) analysis to examine geographical patterns between economic inequality and crime and the panel spatial Durbin model to investigate the spatial effects, including local and spillover effects. LISA analysis yielded geographic-based information regarding clusters of economic inequality and crime, thus providing insight into the spatial pattern of those variables. Furthermore, panel spatial Durbin results have shown that using property and other crime rate as the dependent variable, strong positive local and spillover effect of within-region and across-region economic inequality on crime rates was observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"547 - 571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138628086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Disparity of Sports Infrastructure Development and Urbanization Determinants in China: Evidence from the Sixth National Sports Venues Census","authors":"Junneng Wang,&nbsp;Jianwei Li,&nbsp;Jianquan Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09557-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09557-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The improvement of well-being of residents is the core of the people-centred urbanization. Inhabitants’ emphasis on healthy lifestyle draws attention to the provision of sports infrastructure. However, the spatial pattern of sport infrastructure development and in particular the driving forces from urbanization across China have not been examined yet in the literature. This paper aims to explore how the national sports infrastructure in mainland China is driven and scaled by urbanization, using data from the sixth National Sports Venues Census and a multi-scale geographically weighted regression approach. The results revealed strong regional inequality in the development of sports infrastructure in the stage of accelerating urbanization in China, with better provision of sports infrastructure in eastern than in western regions. The three dimensions of urbanization (urban population, public financial expenditure and built-up area) significantly explained the spatial disparity between 289 cities at prefecture-city level. There should be a feedback loop between the accumulative developments of urbanization and sports infrastructure. The contributing driving forces and subsequent regional heterogeneity suggest that sports space theory, the inequality amplification model, and hysteresis effect are comparatively suitable for explaining the spatial inequality characteristics of sports infrastructure development in China. A Sport Inequality Alert was conceptualized as a policy instrument for monitoring regional inequality and governing the development of sports infrastructure. It is argued that sports infrastructure development should be integrated into the national strategy for sustainable New-type Urbanization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"573 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-023-09557-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-Port Evolutions and Prospects of Three Major Port Hubs in Europe: a Visualization Perspective Using Ternary Diagram Method","authors":"Cemile Solak Fiskin","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09553-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09553-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the recent decade, increasing vessel sizes, infrastructure developments, intermodal connections, and digital transformation again have raised questions about the development of container ports. This transformation is expected to continue to affect the port industry in the future. While the Port of Rotterdam is the busiest container port in Europe, its top-ranking place is under pressure, and competition between the top three ports has become fiercer. This contribution provides insights into the concentration, inequality and competition evolution of Europe’s top three ports through several measurement methods and the ternary diagram. Several measurement methods are used to report the concentration, inequality, and competition of these ports. The study confirms that ternary diagram indicators and traditional measures reveal similar results. Findings also suggest that no port has a dominating position in this competitive port system, and these ports are engaging in efficient competition. SSA analysis indicates that the Port of Hamburg is the major loser in the last two periods; the Port of Rotterdam and Port of Antwerp are the major winners respectively in the last two periods. Moreover, the prospects are salient for a tendency towards concentration and inequality. The findings of the study provide insights and visualizations for policymakers, enabling them to gain a deeper understanding of the development and prospects of the three major port hubs in Europe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"521 - 545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of High-speed Rail on the Level and Structure of Urban Economic Vitality: An Empirical Study Based on Real GDP Data","authors":"Zixuan Chen,&nbsp;Dan He,&nbsp;Zihang Qin,&nbsp;Jing Zhou,&nbsp;Ting Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12061-023-09554-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-023-09554-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-speed rail (HSR) improves urban accessibility, changes the inter-city flow pattern of human and capital factors, and has a potential impact on urban economic vitality. A real GDP data is used to characterize urban economic vitality, and the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index(HHI) is used to characterize the urban economic vitality structure. Geodetector is used to study the influence of HSR on the level and structure of urban economic vitality. The main conclusions are as follows: The HSR frequency improves accessibility, promotes consumption, employment, investment in real estate development, tertiary industry development and the supply of urban construction land, and thus has a stronger positive impact on urban economic vitality. The magnet effect of HSR stations makes the station area attract resources to gather and develop, and the interaction with consumption, investment in real estate development and the supply of urban construction land has a stronger impact on urban economic vitality. More HSR lines extend the reach of cities, promote the development of consumption-related industries and real estate development, thus increasing economic vitality. The higher the HSR frequency, the more the HSR lines and HSR stations, the more dispersed the urban economic vitality structure. The layout of HSR stations in areas close to the city center will enhance the attractiveness of the city, which will increase the employment density, thus strengthening the economic vitality of the central urban area, and the urban economic vitality structure will be more concentrated. The results confirm that only when the variables related to HSR work together with the socio-economic variables, can the intensity of the influence of HSR on the level and structure of urban economic vitality be enhanced. In addition, HSR stations are the most important factors controlling the urban economic vitality structure, which has certain indicative significance for the future urban spatial planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 2","pages":"495 - 520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138548090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}