Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy最新文献

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Trends of Poverty in the United States, 2006–2021","authors":"Xinba Li,&nbsp;Chuanrong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09604-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09604-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent challenges and opportunities necessitate a reexamination of the spatial dynamics of US poverty. In our study, we employed the emerging hot spot analysis to discern spatial and temporal variations in US poverty from 2006 to 2021, across various spatial scales. The primary innovation of this analysis is its capacity to monitor shifts in spatial patterns of poverty over time, providing a dynamic perspective essential for comprehending and addressing non-static processes. We discovered that the majority of US counties exhibit consistent poverty trends, characterized by either persistent or intensifying hot spots (clusters of high poverty) or cold spots (clusters of low poverty), with only a minority experiencing recent changes in poverty trajectories. The choice of spatial scale significantly influences these trends. Our intersectional analysis of poverty with age and race demonstrated that the categories of children and adults have a markedly higher number of counties with persistent and intensifying hot spots compared to the elderly category. Nonetheless, the elderly category has a greater number of new emerging hot spots. Furthermore, our exploration of the interaction between race and poverty dynamics showed that the spatial patterns of emerging poverty hot spots vary among racial groups and do not align with their population distributions. These findings underscore the need for a nuanced and adaptive approach to policy development and implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-024-09604-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessibility and Optimization of Rural Healthcare Facilities From the Perspective of the Rural Living Circle","authors":"Sixia Li,&nbsp;Libang Ma,&nbsp;Qiya Huang,&nbsp;Xijuan Cui,&nbsp;Zhihang Zhu,&nbsp;Yanling Zong","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09607-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09607-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China's rural revitalization strategy emphasizes the integration of urban and rural development, with the rural living circle serving as a fundamental unit. Public service facilities, especially medical services, are crucial for the well-being of rural residents. Essential for achieving balanced development and improved living standards, these services must ensure equitable access in rural areas, balancing social justice with humanitarian considerations. A comprehensive examination of their availability and interaction with the living circle is key to optimizing these facilities for balanced progress. This study focused on Qin'an County, Gansu, China, where it mapped out living circles based on residents' travel habits and the levels of medical institutions. It analyzed the distribution and accessibility of medical facilities within these circles, investigating their correlation with circle radii. The findings were aimed at enhancing the spatial layout of medical services, yielding three key insights: (1) The spatial layout of rural medical facilities in Qin'an County shows a \"core–edge\" trend, with most areas by low accessibility, in contrast to the high accessibility in the urban center. (2) A significant negative correlation was identified between the accessibility of medical facilities and the radius of the living circle; in other words, greater accessibility corresponds to a smaller living circle radius. (3) The K-means clustering algorithm proved to be an effective method for optimizing the accessibility of medical facilities, leading to improved access and more balanced distribution across living areas. In China's new stage of development, understanding the complex dynamics of the \"people-land\" relationship is crucial. The spatiotemporal development pattern, orientation difference characteristics, and spatial optimization layout of rural medical provide guidance for decision making regarding equity and quality improvement of rural public health services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildlife Crime in China: A Study of Spatial Heterogeneity in Yunnan Province","authors":"Zhe Lin,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Annan Jin,&nbsp;Qifan Nie,&nbsp;Li Lan,&nbsp;Hai Xia,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Niu","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09605-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09605-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wildlife crime has presented a trend of diversity, globality, and severity, which has posed severe threats to biology, ecology, economy, and society. Although researchers in these fields have never stopped fighting against it by proposing prevention and control countermeasures from their disciplinary perspectives, spatial heterogeneity have been largely overlooked in most studies. Here, we use 873 wildlife crime cases in Yunnan, a province with the highest wildlife crime rate in China, to highlight the spatial differences in wildlife crime rate within a province and the reasons behind them. Our results show that the provincial capital, border counties, and tourist cities serve as hotspots for wildlife crime, each characterized by distinct formation mechanisms. Distribution channels, climate and social order, and national culture significantly influence the emergence of these hotspots. Furthermore, the spatial elements of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) complement the Situational Crime Prevention (SCP) framework and are applied across various scales in the study of wildlife crime management in Yunnan Province. These findings can help us suggest new ideas for preventing wildlife crime from a criminological geography perspective taking into account spatial considerations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142443249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geostatistics Approach for Mapping Potential Industry Clusters: Developing Isotropic and Anisotropic Scenarios at Firm Level","authors":"Caio Peixoto Chain,&nbsp;Luiz Gonzaga de Castro Junior","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09601-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09601-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agglomeration economies are manifested in geographical concentration of firms, as stated by Agglomeration Theory. The objective of this paper was to examine the proximity and concentration of firms in continuous space and in specific directions for the mapping of potential industrial clusters, through an unprecedented approach. The methods used were the indicator semivariogram, anisotropy modeling and kriging interpolation. The geostatistical approach was initially applied in a simulated data with patterns known a priori: random and clusters. Then it was validated with real data of roasted coffee industry in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Each dataset was tested in isotropic and anisotropic scenarios. Geostatistics was sufficient to detect patterns of randomness and spatial dependence, measure the extent of proximity between firms, identify regions with a high level of industrial concentration on the map and estimate an index of concentration at the firm level. The results also advanced the specialized literature by indicating that the anisotropic scenarios, which adjusts the directional bias, better described the reality of the phenomena compared to the isotropic ones. Error measures in anisotropic scenarios were between 7 and 30% more accurate. It was concluded that the direction can be a determinant of the theory of agglomerations and that geostatistics can be useful for mapping potential industry clusters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Spatial Congruence in the School-Neighborhood Nexus","authors":"Sergio J. Rey,&nbsp;Elijah Knaap,&nbsp;Ran Wei,&nbsp;Dylan Skrah","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09603-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09603-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research addresses the critical need for a comprehensive understanding of the spatial dynamics between public schools and residential neighborhoods, both of which significantly influence children’s life outcomes. The study introduces innovative methodologies for examining the spatial relationships between school catchment areas and neighborhoods through geodemographic clustering and spatial congruence measures. By applying these methods to the largest 110 metropolitan areas in the United States, encompassing 24,507 elementary school catchments and 17,608 neighborhoods, the research provides novel insights into how these spatial interactions affect ethnoracial integration and educational diversity. The findings reveal the potential of targeted policy interventions that leverage these spatial relationships to promote equity and reduce segregation in educational settings, thereby offering a valuable framework for policymakers to improve access to opportunities across diverse communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19’s Impacts on Sales Volume of Commercial Districts in Seoul: Empirical Evidence from Spatial Panel Data Analysis","authors":"Danya Kim,&nbsp;Jangik Jin","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09602-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09602-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted on human lives, especially local economies. However, our understanding of the relationship between COVID-19 and local economies is still limited due to the lack of empirical evidence. The objective of this study is to explore COVID-19’s impacts on sales volume of local commercial district by focusing on the city of Seoul, South Korea. To identify the spatial spillover effects among commercial districts, we conducted a spatial panel data analysis by employing spatial panel models. Our results show that the unexpected COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected sales volume in commercial districts in Seoul. However, COVID-19’s impact on sales volume varies by business type and district type. For example, among the restaurant, retail, and service sectors, the business most negatively affected by COVID-19 was retail, while restaurants were the least affected. Our spatial panel models also show that spatial spillover effects exist among commercial districts, indicating that neighboring commercial districts interact spatially. Particularly, negative spatial spillover effects have appeared in traditional markets during the pandemic. It is suggested that high priority for policy support should be given to the firms and districts that have experienced the most financial damage from COVID-19, and place-based policies that consider spatial spillover effects should be carefully designed and promptly implemented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Port-Industry-City Integration and its Spatial Spillover Effects: Empirical Evidence from the Bohai Sea Rim Region","authors":"Deng Zhao,&nbsp;Xu Dongmei,&nbsp;Duan Wei","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09599-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09599-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Port-industry-city is a primary carrier of high-quality economic development, and promoting the integration of port, industry and city is an important measure to realize port reform and industry-city integration. Based on the panel data of port-industry-city in the Bohai Rim region from 2012 to 2021, this study used the ITARA-EDAS model, ArcGIS spatial analysis tool and spatial Durbin model to explore the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and spatial spillover effects of port-industry-city integration. The results show that: (1) The integration of port, industry and city in the Bohai Rim region has significant spatiotemporal differences, and the distribution pattern of \"high in the south and low in the north\" is more prominent, especially the gradient pattern with core cities as the center and key cities as the support. (2) The economic impact of port-industry-city integration in the Bohai Rim region has an agglomeration-diffusion effect, i.e., port-industry-city integration promotes the agglomeration of factors of production and promotes the growth of the local economy, which results in the restriction of the development of the neighboring regions; at the same time, port-industry-city integration accelerates the investment in the infrastructure of the neighboring regions through the extension of the industrial chain and its functions and leads to the inter-regional mobility of the production factors and regional cooperation. (3) There are significant regional differences in the direct and indirect effects of port-industry-city integration in provincial-level areas, and there are differences in the regression results with those in the Bohai Rim region. That is, the integration of port, industry and city in Liaoning and Shandong has a significant positive spatial spillover effect, while the economic impact of port-industry-city integration in the Tianjin-Hebei region has a diffusion boundary.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Evolutionary Features of the Urban Scale Distribution in China: Based on the Seventh Census Data","authors":"Jing Ma,&nbsp;Mingxing Chen,&nbsp;Wenming Song,&nbsp;Liangkan Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09600-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09600-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urbanization has drastically altered the population structure of China. While existing quantitative analyses of urban scale evolution provide reference and basis for optimizing urban systems, our study goes further by enriching knowledge and insights in this field through empirical investigation of the latest census data. We explore the evolution of distribution from 2000, 2010 to 2020, utilizing Zipf 's law, Gini coefficient and a designed scale growth index. We find that the Zipf index fell from 0.850 in 2000, 0.913 in 2010, to 0.949 in 2020, revealing a growing trend of agglomeration, but excluding top-tier cities such as Shanghai and Beijing in the latter decade. After 2010, large cities and big cities located at the forefront are the main drivers of agglomeration, and the difference in scale increment of Tier-1 big cities has expanded significantly. Capital cities of the central and western regions became new important migration destinations. Chongqing and Chengdu, Beijing and Shanghai have the largest difference in their scale growth index, representing the two evolution models of nearby urbanization and remote urbanization respectively. To achieve a higher quality of new-type urbanization in the future, it is essential to coordinate the simultaneous promotion of both remote and nearby urbanization patterns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Land Use Patterns of an Unplanned Metropolitan Region: An Urban Density Based Approach","authors":"Samarth Y. Bhatia,&nbsp;Gopal R. Patil,&nbsp;Krishna Mohan Buddhiraju","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09596-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09596-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unplanned and rapid urban growth in developing countries significantly deters effective planning. The absence of timely updated data and suitable tools to monitor urban growth adds to the menace of poor planning. Thus, the present study uses neighbourhood densities to compare the spatiotemporal patterns of seventeen urban local bodies of India's fast-growing Mumbai Metropolitan Region. <i>Landsat</i> satellite images for two decades (1999–2019) are classified, and land use/cover maps are prepared. A walkable neighbourhood of 1 sq. km is then used to determine landscape typologies. While the high-density built-up areas help identify urban cores, the low- and medium-density built-up areas help extract the ribbon development. Also, the developable lands help determine the growth mode. The results show that between 1999–2019, the built-up and vegetation increased by 89.44% and 20%, while the wetlands, waterbodies and other land declined by 13.5%, 8.5% and 16%. The urban cores analysis reveals a balanced development between 1999–2009, with both primary and secondary cores flourishing, whereas a diffusion pattern is observed between 2009–2019, with the secondary cores growing much faster than the primary core. Although the ribbon development is reduced in major urban centers due to densification, an increase is observed in the suburban fringes, mainly along the major highways. The growth typologies reveal edge expansion as the dominant growth mode, followed by infilling and leapfrog. The directional analysis shows a positive influence of road densities on urban growth. The study helps determine important aspects of urban growth that are essential for planners to ensure sustainable development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142412570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Potential Areas for New Railway Lines across Different Relief Roughness of Austrian Landscapes","authors":"Florian Perauer,&nbsp;Tadej Brezina,&nbsp;Stefan Edlinger","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09597-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-024-09597-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents an operational model to identify potential areas for new railway lines in Austria, utilizing a topographic and passenger potential and considering the different inclination requirements for regional and main railway lines. By applying a GIS digital terrain model based on a 500 m squared reference system, we identified 61,497 cells suitable for new regional lines and 11,347 cells suitable for main railway lines. These cells show a variety of spatial potential classes. Out of Austria’s 83,883 km² total surface, all these identified cells sum up to an area of 15,374 km² for new regional lines and 2,837 km² for new main lines. We validate the identified cells with existing and abandoned railway alignments. The model shows a fit of 80%. Furthermore, we put the results into perspective by comparing individual cell potentials with their public transport quality levels of existing supplied services, and we apply a five-scenario sensitivity analysis to identify the impact of the model’s foundations. After debating the model’s particularities and their impact on planning procedures, we conclude that our model is more comprehensive than today’s strategic rail transport planning procedures, primarily based on political desires or selected expert suggestions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-024-09597-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}