Clinical Plasma Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Wound healing using plasma modified collagen","authors":"Liam O'Neill ,&nbsp;Peter Dobbyn ,&nbsp;Mangesh Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Abhay Pandit","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Wound healing remains a challenge in diabetic or immune-compromised patients and often requires the use of advanced biologic dressings to treat slow healing ulcers. The emergence of plasma medicine has provided some hope for advancement in wound closure rates for non-healing patients and some positive clinical results have already been observed. However, the potential to combine biologic dressings with plasma medicine has not yet been widely explored and this study outlines one potential way to combine such therapies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A nebulised collagen solution was introduced into a non-thermal plasma discharge and the activated materials were deposited onto a surface to produce a dry, adherent and coagulated biomolecule coating. The plasma device was subsequently used to deliver collagen on to chronic wounds in a compromised animal wound healing model (Alloxan induced diabetes in White New Zealand rabbits) and the healing rate was compared to untreated controls and to wounds that were treated with plasma but without the collagen deposition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Surface analysis using XPS<span>, FTIR and contact angle measurements indicated that the deposit largely retained the chemical features of the dissolved protein. The plasma deposited collagen was also shown to effectively promote wound closure when compared to control wounds. Although a simple plasma treatment alone also reduced inflammation and enhanced wound healing, the collagen component produced a statistically significant (</span></span><em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.05) enhancement of both angiogenesis and wound closure rates.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Combining a biologic therapy with a plasma treatment showed promising results in the treatment of chronic wounds in an animal model and demonstrated the potential to combine biologic therapies with plasma deposition for targeted local delivery and enhanced healing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73423382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A myeloid and lymphoid infiltrate in murine pancreatic tumors exposed to plasma-treated medium","authors":"Kim Rouven Liedtke ,&nbsp;Eric Freund ,&nbsp;Christine Hackbarth ,&nbsp;Claus-Dieter Heidecke ,&nbsp;Lars-Ivo Partecke ,&nbsp;Sander Bekeschus","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span>Metastatic pancreatic cancer often is fatal </span>in patients<span><span><span>. Palliation can include disseminating large amounts of chemotherapeutic liquid in the </span>peritoneal cavity to slow tumor growth. We have previously demonstrated that repeated application of plasma-treated medium performed well in decreasing </span>peritoneal tumor burden in mice and prolonging animal survival. We here extend on this study by detailed immune-related analysis of cryo-conserved tumor nodes of mice that had received either cell culture medium alone or plasma-treated cell culture medium.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span><span>Animals of the treatment group had significantly fewer lesions, which were characterized by an in-creased influx of macrophages. The staining intensity of CD206, a murine M2 macrophage marker associated with tumor promotion, was decreased in tissue sections, while iNOS<span> (M1 marker associated with inflammatory macrophages) was not changed. In the infiltrate, other myeloid cells such as </span></span>neutrophils<span> and dendritic cells were in tendency increased and decreased, respectively. Further, we observed a significant increase in T cells and </span></span>calreticulin staining, suggesting an involvement of immunogenic </span>cancer cell<span> death in plasma-treated medium therapy of pancreatic tumor lesions.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In summary, exposure to plasma-treated medium not only decelerates tumor growth but also serves as immunomodulatory agent with a possible relevance for therapeutic outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76148159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma-treated medium tunes the inflammatory profile in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages","authors":"Sander Bekeschus ,&nbsp;Lukas Scherwietes ,&nbsp;Eric Freund ,&nbsp;Kim Rouven Liedtke ,&nbsp;Christine Hackbarth ,&nbsp;Thomas von Woedtke ,&nbsp;Lars-Ivo Partecke","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Macrophages are essential drivers of tumor rejection as well as tumor promotion. Especially tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) phenotypically resemble tumor-supporting alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Targeting their phenotype has long been a matter of preclinical research in oncology. Cold physical plasma and plasma-treated medium has recently been recognized as a new possible interventional strategy in tumor treatment. Whereas several studies underlined this proof-of-concept in animal studies, it is not clear how plasma affects the phenotype of macrophages.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We differentiated macrophage from murine bone marrow-derived cells, and exposed them to plasma-treated cell culture medium. This led to a more pronounced NOS2 expression in several macrophage subtypes, a marker typically associated with a rather pro-inflammatory, antitumor phenotype. When stimulated with supernatants of pancreatic cancer cells, these macrophages released significantly increased amounts of immune-stimulatory molecules in response to plasma-treated medium. This included TNFα, IL6, IL12, CCL4, and CXCL9, whereas MCP1 and CXCL1 were significantly decreased. Interestingly, baseline expression levels as well as response to plasma-treated medium were largely opposite to macrophages stimulated with tumor cell supernatants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results call for a more differentiated view on macrophage polarization, and emphasize the immune-modulatory role that plasma-treated medium may exert in the tumor settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73513953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting basic cold plasma technology to dermato-oncology","authors":"Carsten Weishaupt ,&nbsp;Steffen Emmert","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Cold atmospheric plasma was intensively investigated for medical applications in the last decade and a new field of plasma medicine emerged.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Basic components of cold plasma and their biomedical effects were deciphered and mainly relate to redox-biologic effects. With regard to wound treatment, cold plasma already reached standard medical care status. In terms of plasma effects in oncology, only preliminary research data are available.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This emerging and highly dynamic field of plasma medicine in oncology shows several promising applications. As the skin is most easily accessible and a need for further therapies of skin cancers like metastasized melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma exists, translational approaches are urgently needed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>To this end, we introduce a first Leibniz professorship for plasmabiotechnology in dermatology world-wide and establish a scientific network for the investigation of the efficacy and safety of cold atmospheric plasma in dermato-oncology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89219927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting malignant melanoma with physical plasmas","authors":"Gabriella Pasqual-Melo ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan ,&nbsp;Ingo Stoffels ,&nbsp;Sander Bekeschus","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melanoma is the deadliest form of cutaneous neoplasia. With a five-year survival rate of only 5–19%, metastatic melanoma presents severe challenges in clinical therapies. In addition, palliation is often problematic due to large numbers of fast growing metastasis. This calls for new therapeutic avenues targeting highly aggressive melanoma in palliative patients. One recently suggested innovative approach for eradication of topical tumor lesions is the application of cold physical plasma. This partially ionized gas emits a cocktail of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). ROS/RNS have been shown to be a double-edged sword in fueling cancer growth at low doses but abrogating it at higher doses. The ROS/RNS output of plasma devices is tunable, and many studies have successfully decreased cancer cell growth <em>in vitro</em> and tumor burden <em>in vivo</em>. In general, increasing numbers of clinical trials suggest combination therapies to outperform monotherapies with regard to prognosis in patients. This review describes current challenges in melanoma treatment and highlights the concept of plasma therapy in experimental studies performed in melanoma research. Future perspectives are given that combine the usage of physical plasma with e.g. chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and ionizing radiation in melanoma medical oncology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72654924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side effects in cold plasma treatment of advanced oral cancer—Clinical data and biological interpretation","authors":"Matthias Schuster ,&nbsp;Rico Rutkowski ,&nbsp;Anna Hauschild ,&nbsp;Roya Khalili Shojaei ,&nbsp;Thomas von Woedtke ,&nbsp;Ajay Rana ,&nbsp;Georg Bauer ,&nbsp;Philine Metelmann ,&nbsp;Christian Seebauer","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Treating oral cancer with cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an evidence-based-medicine level III concept in ongoing cancer research. There is a discussion concerning the potential risk in medical application of CAP due to the formation of free radicals, which may have an adverse impact. After in recent studies the risk of dramatic effects like genotoxic impact was basically excluded, the focus of this discussion is mainly on acute unwanted clinical effects.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis is including 20 patients suffering from locally advanced head and neck cancer and contaminated ulcerations<span>, who underwent palliative treatment with CAP for decontamination. The focus lies on documented side effects related to CAP.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There are no, mild or moderate unwanted effects related to the application of CAP, especially never life threatening.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Understanding the lack of severe side effects in plasma medicine, the role of radical oxygen species (ROS) and radical nitrogen species<span> (RNS) is discussed, proposing a model in which CAP is not a direct effector of antitumor action but rather triggers a singlet oxygen-mediated switch-on effect on the specific target, leading to reactivation of intercellular ROS/RNS-dependent apoptosis signaling in tumor cells. As these processes are strictly restricted to the specific targets and as normal tissue is devoid of the required target, it is neither harmed nor affected.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87451160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical experience with cold plasma in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer","authors":"Hans-Robert Metelmann ,&nbsp;Christian Seebauer ,&nbsp;Vandana Miller ,&nbsp;Alexander Fridman ,&nbsp;Georg Bauer ,&nbsp;David B. Graves ,&nbsp;Jean-Michel Pouvesle ,&nbsp;Rico Rutkowski ,&nbsp;Matthias Schuster ,&nbsp;Sander Bekeschus ,&nbsp;Kristian Wende ,&nbsp;Kai Masur ,&nbsp;Sybille Hasse ,&nbsp;Torsten Gerling ,&nbsp;Masaru Hori ,&nbsp;Hiromasa Tanaka ,&nbsp;Eun Ha Choi ,&nbsp;Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,&nbsp;Philine Henriette Metelmann ,&nbsp;Daniel D. Von Hoff ,&nbsp;Thomas von Woedtke","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2017.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2017.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span><span>Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) is well known for inactivating microbial pathogens and stimulation of </span>tissue regeneration in chronic wounds. Several authors have reported the effectiveness against cancer in different cell lines and animal models. This is the first report of patients with real clinical benefit following application of CAP, not just visible change of the tumor surface but lasting partial remission. The authors discuss the CAP </span>treatment approach and the efficacy for inoperable head and neck cancer patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>The trial enrolled six patients with locally advanced (pT4) squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx suffering from open infected </span>ulcerations. Patients were treated with a jet plasma source (kINPen MED, neoplas tools GmbH, Greifswald, Germany) in cycles of 3 single applications (1 min/cm</span>² from a distance of 8 mm) within 1 week, each followed by an intermittence of 1 week.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>CAP treatment resulted in a reduction in odor and pain medication requirements, in improvement in social function and a positive emotional affect. Further observance revealed partial remission in two patients for at least nine month. Incisional biopsies at remission demonstrate a moderate amount of apoptotic tumor cells and a desmoplastic reaction of the connective tissue.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>The trial demonstrates the clinical relevance of CAP in cancer treatment. There are three approaches for discussion of tumor remission<span>: (i) the role of myeloid cells, (ii) the ROS/RNS model of cellular impact and (iii) the </span></span>immunogenic cell death<span> model of cancer treatment<span>, and there is a reflection on non-sustainable tumor response due to adapted tumor microenvironment.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2017.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84816872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative method for healing the diabetic foot by means of a plasma needle","authors":"Régulo López-Callejas ,&nbsp;Rosendo Peña-Eguiluz ,&nbsp;Raúl Valencia-Alvarado ,&nbsp;Antonio Mercado-Cabrera ,&nbsp;Benjamín G. Rodríguez-Méndez ,&nbsp;Jorge H. Serment-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Agustín Cabral-Prieto ,&nbsp;A. Concepción González-Garduño ,&nbsp;N. Alberto Domínguez-Cadena ,&nbsp;Jorge Muñoz-Infante ,&nbsp;Mario Betancourt-Ángeles","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2018.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This case report deals with helium cold plasma as an alternative therapy for healing diabetic foot infections.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A surgical cleaning of neuropathic ulceration was performed before each one of three diary 0.025 Ls</span>⁻¹<span> helium plasma needle treatments with a duration in time of 180 s over the entire wound area. The distance between the output reactor and the wound surface varied between 3 and 5 mm, meanwhile the plasma dose was keept at 0.42 W/cm</span>².</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An 83-year-old female patient with diabetes mellitus type 2, diagnosed 25 years ago, presented with a chronic ulcer on the left foot was treated with cold plasma. It was applied as circular movements of approximately 10 mm displacement, covering an area of around 10 mm² and continuing this procedure until completely covering the wound, trying to provide a uniform treatment over the entire surface of the wound.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span><span>The wound presented ischemia, and according to the classification DEPA had a score of 10, which implied a poor healing prognosis and even had the risk of amputation of the foot. After application of the plasma-based treatment the healing of the chronic wound was promoted due a higher proliferation of </span>endothelial cells that are the promoters of </span>angiogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2018.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85185637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of polymeric denture modified in low-temperature glow discharge on human oral mucosa: Clinical case","authors":"T. Vasilieva ,&nbsp;Aung Myat Hein ,&nbsp;A. Vargin ,&nbsp;E. Kudasova ,&nbsp;E. Kochurova ,&nbsp;M. Nekludova","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2017.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2017.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The modification hot curing poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denturebase “Villacryl H Plus” in RF-discharge plasma is described.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The PMMA was modified in the non-temperature low-pressure oxygen RF-discharge (13.56 MHz).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span><span>The plasma chemical modification of PMMA plates decreased the water contact angles by 1.5-2.5 times with respect to unmodified samples while their surface free energy (SFE) increased up to 1.5 times due to the formation of additional oxygen containing polar chemical groups at the plasma-modified PMMA surfaces. Although the ageing effect of modified PMMA was observed, its wettability was still higher than that of the original PMMA at least after 7-day storage. The technique has been successfully applied for the modification of removable PMMA </span>denture<span><span>, which was used in clinical practice for oral orthopedic rehabilitation of a patient after the </span>treatment of </span></span>buccal mucosa<span> cancer. Whenusing the non-modified denture the patient complained of discomfort and food chewing<span> problems and the hypertrophic red flat oral lichen formed at the patient’s cheek. The full regression of lichennodules and associated inflammation was observed after the usage of the plasma modified denture for one week. Within six-month ware of the plasma modified denture no pathological elements or neoplasms were found on the patients’ </span></span></span>oral mucosa.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Plasma modification of the dentures made of hot curing PMMAincreases the SFE and wettability of the polymer and improves its adhesion to oral tissues. The biocompatible hydrophilic denture surface has less irritating effect in comparison with the non-modified one, as the positive clinical dynamics showed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2017.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79715817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet for the treatment of Aspergillus keratitis","authors":"Hamed Nikmaram ,&nbsp;Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi ,&nbsp;Mahmood Ghoranneviss ,&nbsp;Sahar Balagholi ,&nbsp;Hamid Ahmadieh ,&nbsp;Danial Roshandel ,&nbsp;Maryam Amini","doi":"10.1016/j.cpme.2017.12.075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpme.2017.12.075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p><span>In an in-vitro and in-vivo study, we investigated the effect of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (CAPPJ) in the treatment of </span><span><em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em></span> (<em>A. fumigatus)</em><span> keratitis.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In the in vitro phase, suspensions of <em>A. fumigatus</em> with 10⁶<span> colony forming units (CFUs) were exposed to CAPPJ, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5</span> <!-->min per day for 7 consecutive days. After culturing the post-treatment suspension in Saboraud dextrose agar, fungal colonies were counted. The same experiment was performed for fungal colonies cultivated on agar plates. Mean logarithm of CFUs were compared between the baseline and CAPPJ-treated groups and also between the exposure times by using Friedman and Bonferroni tests. In the in vivo phase, 3 rabbits with <em>A. fumigatus</em> keratitis were treated with CAPPJ, 5<!--> <!-->min daily for 3 days followed by microbiologic and histopathologic investigations on the excised corneas.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Agar plate and broth media treatment assays disclosed a significant decreasing rate in mean logarithm of CFUs with increased exposure time as compared to the baseline (P = 0.010 and P = 0.012, respectively). This decrease in both treatment assays was statistically significant in the 5<!--> <!-->min-treatment group in comparison with the baseline (P = 0.016). However, in broth medium treatment assay, the decrease was slower and less than CAPPJ-treated agar plates. Direct application of the plasma jet in experimental model of rabbit <em>A. fumigatus</em> keratitis resulted in significant fungal inactivation evidenced by microbiologic and histopathologic investigations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that CAPPJ treatment was effective in inactivating fungal pathogens<span> and therefore it may be considered as a new treatment modality for fungal keratitis. However, further studies are required to investigate its long-term safety.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46325,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Plasma Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cpme.2017.12.075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81090627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}