Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Which Psychotherapy Model Should be Used in Psilocybin Treatment for Depression?","authors":"Elena Koning, Pedro Bacchi, Cristiano Chaves, Fabiano A Gomes, Elisa Brietzke","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Unipolar and bipolar depression severely impact millions of individuals worldwide, with a significant subset of cases remaining unresponsive to conventional treatments. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy; however, the optimal psychotherapeutic approach remains undefined, ranging from unstructured models rooted in historical practices to modern frameworks that are structurally tailored for depression. This narrative review proposes a conceptualization of psychotherapeutic models employed in existing interventional trials of PAP for depression and provides a preliminary comparison of their main characteristics and evidence for efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The online databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were searched for interventional trials evaluating PAP for individuals with unipolar or bipolar depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 publications were reviewed, contributing to the conceptualization of two main types of psychotherapy models: 1) 'Specific' approaches (most commonly Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Perceptual-Control Therapy) and 2) 'Non-specific' models of psychological support. Both models emphasize the critical role of the therapeutic alliance, yet differ in mechanistic focus, with specific models being developed to enhance psychological flexibility and non-specific models emphasizing the concept of the 'inner-healer.' Importantly, critical gaps in the literature were identified, including methodological limitations of current evidence and the need for standardized reporting guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although each PAP model differs, both may have clinical relevance in depression treatment. Future work should explore the standardized reporting of psychological interventions in PAP and comparative study designs to better evaluate non-specific and specific models and inform treatment guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of depression and anxiety symptoms with exercise in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Diogo Gadelha, Carlos Eduardo de Moraes, Walter Santos Gonçalves, Felipe Barreto Schuch, Rosely Sichieri, Phillipa Hay, Andrea Deslandes, Jose Carlos Appolinário","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the frequency and duration of exercise and symptoms of depression and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a household survey conducted with a sample of 2,297 adults living in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The frequency and duration of exercise were measured using two closed-ended questions. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed using the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7, respectively. Additionally, sociodemographic and anthropometric information (weight and height) was obtained. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) of the associations between the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,201 (age= 38.3 years (SE = 0.4), 62% women) individuals were evaluated. Compared to the non-exercisers, individuals who exercised at least once a week showed significantly lower odds of presenting depressive symptoms, even after adjusting for sex and BMI (OR = 0.7 [95% CI: 0.50-0.96], p = 0.03). Similar results were observed for frequency (2-4 times per week) and duration (≥1 hour and <2 hours). However, after adjusting for sex and BMI, these associations were no longer significant. Finally, no association was found between exercise and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical exercise was associated with a lower likelihood of presenting depressive symptoms. Additionally, a moderate frequency and duration of exercise, initially associated with reduced odds of depressive symptoms, was no longer significant after adjusting for sex and BMI. Thus, body weight and sex appear to mediate the relationship between physical exercise and depressive symptoms in our sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145649538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health Care: Less Hype, More Accountability.","authors":"Felipe Dalvi-Garcia, Evellin Cristine Cardoso, Laiana Azevedo Quagliato, Antonio Egidio Nardi","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145606797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal prevention programs for depression and anxiety disorders in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mariane Bagatin Bermudez, Natan Pereira Gosmann, Malu Joyce de Amorim Macedo, Dayane Santos Martins, Guilherme Abu Hilu Garcia, Gisele Gus Manfro, Giovanni A Salum, Carolina Blaya Dreher","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a first-line treatment for anxiety and depressive disorders, but its preventive efficacy remains uncertain. This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed randomized controlled trials of universal CBT-based interventions across all age groups, evaluating their effects on anxiety, depression, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included randomized controlled trials of universal CBT programs delivered to general populations without prior risk or symptom screening. Eligible outcomes were depressive and anxiety symptoms and quality of life. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Separate three-level meta-analyses were conducted for each outcome, and subgroup analyses were performed by participant age and provider profession.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen RCTs (n = 10,809 participants) met inclusion criteria. Pooled effect sizes were SMD = -0.02 (95% CI: -0.12 to 0.09) for quality of life, SMD = -0.09 (95% CI: -0.20 to 0.01) for depressive symptoms, and SMD = -0.03 (95% CI: -0.18 to 0.13) for anxiety symptoms. None reached statistical significance. Subgroup analyses confirmed no significant effects in children/adolescents or adults. Interventions delivered by psychologists were more effective than those delivered by teachers (SMD = 0.18), although overall preventive effects remained negligible.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Universal CBT interventions did not demonstrate significant preventive benefits for anxiety, depression, or quality of life across age groups. These findings suggest that universal CBT should not be adopted as a population-wide prevention strategy, and future research should prioritize targeted, data-driven approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical processing of the questionnaire of subjective perception of anxiety as a tool for selecting treatment.","authors":"Ksenia Potapova, Sofia Bestuzheva, Anna Ivachtchenko, Alexandre Ivachtchenko, Andrey Ivashchenko, George Rupchev, Margarita Morozova","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing prevalence of anxiety disorders underscores the critical importance of effective assessment and management strategies. While established questionnaires like the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) are widely used, there remains a need for instruments that explore the nuanced, qualitative features of anxiety, which are essential for personalized treatment approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study presents findings based on the Brief Anxiety Structure Questionnaire (BASQ), which is designed to evaluate behavioral manifestations, cognitive aspects, and personality traits associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Data from a Phase III clinical trial of the anxiolytic Aviandr (maritupirdine) were analyzed using machine learning techniques to develop predictive models and construct an \"ideal patient profile\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the tested algorithms of machine learning, the decision tree model demonstrated the highest accuracy in identifying the most influential BASQ questions for therapy selection. The BASQ questionnaire revealed qualitative aspects of anxiety and personality traits, providing a deeper understanding of the structure of anxiety and supporting more personalized treatment strategies. Specific questions most strongly correlated with the effectiveness of Aviandr treatment were also identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings from this study suggest that integrating qualitative parameters into clinical assessment may optimize therapy for anxiety disorders. Future research will focus on further elucidating the relationship between patient anxiety characteristics and treatment effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric examination of the Sleep Problems Acceptance Questionnaire with a Brazilian sample: Insights on validity and measurement invariance.","authors":"Marwin Carmo, Ila Marques Porto Linares, Leo Paulos-Guarnieri, Maria Laura Nogueira Pires, Kristoffer Bothelius, Renatha El Rafihi-Ferreira","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sleep health has evolved from focusing on specific disorders, such as insomnia and sleep apnea, to a broader perspective that includes regularity, efficiency, and socio-environmental influences. Psychological flexibility, particularly the acceptance process, has been identified as a key protective factor for sleep health. Therefore, assessing acceptance of sleep difficulties is essential for both research and clinical practice, as it provides insights into adaptive coping and informs interventions. The Sleep Problem Acceptance Questionnaire (SPAQ) is the only validated instrument for assessing acceptance of sleep difficulties, making it a valuable tool for interventions based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). This study aimed to adapt the SPAQ for Brazilian Portuguese, ensuring both semantic and psychometric equivalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The adaptation process included translation, back-translation, expert review, and pilot testing. The final version was validated in a sample of 1,352 participants, including individuals with insomnia and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure (Activity Engagement and Willingness) with good model fit indices. We found evidence for stability of measurement properties across 14 days, but inconclusive evidence regarding the structural invariance between groups of good and poor sleepers. Reliability was high for both factors. Convergent validity was confirmed, showing negative correlations between acceptance and insomnia severity, psychological inflexibility, anxiety, and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Brazilian adaptation of the SPAQ shows adequate psychometric properties and is a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers. However, caution is needed when comparing scores across groups of good and bad sleepers, as item-level differences may affect structural comparability.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which factors predict the improvement perception after a Single-Session Intervention on frontline professionals during a crisis situation?","authors":"Ana Luiza da Silva Ache, Bruno Braga Montezano, Bruno Paz Mosqueiro, Marco Antonio Caldieraro, Lucas Spanemberg, Giovanni Salum, Marcelo Pio de Almeida Fleck","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health, particularly among frontline professionals. In response to the associated social isolation, short-term and remote service alternatives became essential. This study aimed to investigate the predictors of perceived improvement following the single session intervention with enhanced psychoeducation (SSI-EP), which included support videos, for frontline professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from a large trial involving frontline workers conducted from April 2020 to December 2021. All participants were randomized to receive the SSI-EP with videos and were included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample included 709 participants - 82.8 % health‑care professionals and 87.8 % women. One month after the intervention, 558 individuals (78.7 %) showed improved emotional symptoms. Greater improvement was associated with viewing more intervention videos and self-medication. In contrast, excessive carbohydrate and fat intake was linked to poorer outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the significance of the SSI and the role of psychoeducational videos in enhancing participants' perceptions of improvement. Further research is necessary to examine these elements and determine which individuals might gain from this cost-effective, scalable intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145432540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as a Therapeutic Approach for Anxiety and Related Markers: Comprehensive Systematic Review.","authors":"Flávia de Moraes, Nathali Dalzochio, Filipe Reis Teodoro Andrade, André R Brunoni, Arthur França de Souza, Wolnei Caumo, Rosa Maria Martins de Almeida","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0950","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review aims to assess the effects of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) on adults with anxiety. It focuses on evaluating physiological markers like heart rate variability (HRV), electroencephalogram (EEG), cortisol, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels alongside various rating scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review process, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, involved a thorough literature search across databases such as Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science. The risk of bias and quality of studies was evaluated using the JADAD scale. In total, 34 articles were meticulously chosen and analyzed by independent reviewer pairs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review included 34 studies, encompassing 1567 participants aged between 18 to 65. The findings were mixed: while 19 studies reported a reduction in anxiety symptoms, 10 found no significant differences, and 4 did not report changes in anxiety. Two studies were inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review highlights a lack of standardized protocols for using tDCS in treating anxiety. The methodological quality of most studies was critically low, per PRISMA guidelines. There was considerable variation in methodological approaches across the studies, indicating a need for standardization in the research of anxiety treatment using tES.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOSkin: a randomized clinical trial of on-line cognitive-behavioral therapy for Skin Picking Disorder.","authors":"Alice Castro Menezes Xavier, Clarissa Prati, Anita Castro Menezes Xavier, Murilo G Brandão, Alice Barbieri Ebert, Malu Joyce de A Macedo, Maria João Baptista Fernandes, Gisele Gus Manfro, Carolina Blaya Dreher","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for Skin Picking Disorder (SPD). However, since individuals have limited access to CBT, telepsychotherapy can overcome this barrier.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluate the efficacy of a self-guided digital CBT intervention for SPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This controlled clinical trial randomized 163 patients with SPD to receive 4 weeks of online CBT (SOSkin) or a control intervention (videos about quality of life). Primary outcome was the improvement in the Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R) and secondary outcomes were the improvement in Dermatology Life Quality Index Scale (DLQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment Scale (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Scale (PHQ-9). Instruments were applied at baseline, middle and end of intervention and at 1 and 3 months of follow up. SOSkin usability was evaluated using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Data were analyzed using the Generalized Estimating Equations model (GEE).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no difference between groups in completion rates. SOSkin has excellent usability. Both groups improved the SPS-R and the DLQI scores after treatment and at the follow-up assessments. We found a significant time*group interaction in favor of CBT on SPS-R. Effect size of the intervention compared to control over SPS-R was small after treatment and at the follow-ups; over the DLQI was moderate after treatment and small at the follow-ups. CBT was superior to control on SPS-R when we compared the percentage of change from baseline. CBT was superior to control condition over DLQI at the end of treatment and at 1 month follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impulsivity and Alcohol and Other Drugs Among Adult Inmates: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Maria Verônica Schmitz Wingen, Victor Hugo Vieira Benvindo, Nathali Boeira Dalzochio, Rosa Maria Martins de Almeida","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A substantial proportion of the incarcerated population is imprisoned for substance-related offenses, including illegal possession and drug-induced violent crimes. Given this context, this study aimed to investigate, through a systematic review of the literature, the relationship between impulsivity and the use of alcohol and other drugs among incarcerated adults, considering the contributions of cognitive neuroscience to understanding this association in populations characterized by deviant behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, examined 547 studies retrieved from PsycInfo, PubMed/Medline, Embase, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine studies were selected for full analysis. The findings revealed a significant association between impulsivity and a history of substance use, especially in cases involving higher levels of consumption. Low educational attainment was also a prevalent characteristic among the analyzed samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of prevention and intervention strategies that integrate neuropsychological and educational components as fundamental elements of treatment and social reintegration efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}