Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"A candidate reference measurement procedure for quantification of human insulin in serum based on immunoaffinity extraction and isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.","authors":"Huixia Liu, Yanlin Han, Huimin Wang, Yuefeng Zhang, Chunlong Liu, Man Liang","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05900-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05900-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate measurement of human insulin is critical for proper diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diabetes. But the insulin results of clinical immunoassay are inconsistent mainly due to antibody cross-reactivity. To standardize and ensure the accuracy of clinical assays, reference measurement procedures (RMPs) with higher metrological order are required. An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) for quantification of human insulin in serum as a candidate reference measurement procedure (cRMP) was developed and validated. Insulin was enriched from human serum by insulin antibodies immobilized on magnetic beads. The eluent was analyzed by ID-LC-MS/MS. The cRMP separated human insulin from potentially interfering compounds and enabled measurement over a range of 0.05-40 ng/g, with no matrix effects and carryover. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) in serum were 24.6 pg/g and 48.8 pg/g, respectively. Imprecision (intra-assay and inter-assay) was <2.77% at 0.436, 2.003, and 11.449 ng/g. Recoveries ranged from 99.5% to 101.7% at three spiked levels. Extraction recovery was measured at 85% or higher. Insulin analogues caused no interference for the determination of endogenous insulin. Expanded measurement uncertainty of target value-assigned samples was ≤3.5%. The cRMP was applied to measure human insulin in serum and was compared with two immunoassays using 46 serum samples. Also, a discrepancy of three candidate reference materials for the calibration of cRMP was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating metabolite-based molecular networking with database matching and LC-MS-guided targeted isolation for the discovery of novel chemical constituents: application to Euphorbia helioscopia L.","authors":"Tianren Wu, Yaling Deng, Weijia Hu, Caihong Bai, Han Yu, Kaifeng Hu","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05893-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00216-025-05893-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular networking (MN) analysis facilitates the targeted discovery of novel constituents and enhances the understanding of natural products. While various molecular networks could reduce the effects of redundant nodes, current research is still limited by the interference from the same and coeluted metabolites, including isotopic peaks, a variety of adduct ions, in-source fragmentations, and dehydration. This research proposes a novel strategy: stratified precursor lists (SPLs)-guided Metabolite-Based Molecular Networking (MBMN), which ensures a high-quality MS² spectrum for each metabolite precursor due to the absence of retention time overlap with other coeluted metabolites, and each node represents a unique metabolite. By collecting over 40 MS² databases from multiple online platforms and public databases, an integrated MS² database (IM2DB) containing more than two million MS² fragmentation data was constructed. In addition, a customized MS¹ database (M1DB) of reported compounds was also created. Nodes representing known compounds were annotated compared to the IM2DB and M1DB. Combining with MBMN analysis significantly enhances compound identification and characterization, thereby facilitating the discerning of potential novel constituents. To demonstrate the applicability of this strategy, we selected Euphorbia helioscopia L. as an example. 135 nodes were annotated, and three reference nodes were obtained. From the selected 35 target nodes, 10 purified compounds were isolated and elucidated. Among these, three were identified as novel compounds, while the remaining nine were discovered for the first time in Euphorbia helioscopia L. By using this strategy, we can effectively minimize the interference from redundant nodes and discover potentially new compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced electrochemical detection of acetaminophen using CoNi-LDH-based sensor with ultra-wide linear range and superior performance.","authors":"Jianxia Gu, Li Fan, Jian Bai, Zhanbin Jin, Tingting Wei","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05901-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05901-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrochemical sensors for acetaminophen (AP) determination often face limitations in linear range, rarely achieving millimolar levels. This work synthesized CoNi-LDH (cobalt-nickel layered double hydroxide) via a simple hydrothermal method. By optimizing the Co/Ni ratio, the sensor based on CoNi-LDH-1 demonstrates efficient AP detection with an ultra-wide linear range spanning from 5 μM to 5 mM, enabling versatile AP monitoring in diverse samples. Furthermore, the sensor also exhibits exceptional stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Notably, it successfully quantified AP in real-world samples (tap water and urine) while maintaining a wide linear range. The superior performance of the sensor stems from CoNi-LDH-1's unique spiky sphere morphology, abundant active sites, enhanced electron transport capability, and the synergistic effect between Co and Ni components. This work provides valuable insights for expanding the linear range of electrochemical sensors, advancing their application in analytical chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of defined organic layers on the fluorescence lifetime of plastic materials.","authors":"Nina Leiter, Maximilian Wohlschläger, Martin Versen, Sonja D Harter, Tina Kießlich, Franziska Lederer, Stefanie Clauß, Dietmar Schlosser, Emanuel Gheorghita Armanu, Christian Eberlein, Hermann J Heipieper, Martin G J Löder, Christian Laforsch","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05888-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05888-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastics have become an integral part of modern life, and linked to that fact, the demand for and global production of plastics are still increasing. However, the environmental pollution caused by plastics has reached unprecedented levels. The accumulation of small plastic fragments-microplastics and nanoplastics-potentially threatens organisms, ecosystems, and human health. Researchers commonly employ non-destructive analytical methods to assess the presence and characteristics of microplastic particles in environmental samples. However, these techniques require extensive sample preparation, which represents a significant limitation and hinders a direct on-site analysis. In this context, previous investigations showed the potential of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for fast and reliable identification of microplastics in an environmental matrix. However, since microplastics receive an environmental coating after entering nature, a challenge arises from organic contamination on the surface of microplastic particles. How this influences the fluorescence signal and the possibility of microplastic detection are unknown. To address this research gap, we exposed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic samples to peptides, proteins, bacteria, and a filamentous fungus to induce organic contamination and mimic environmental conditions. We analyzed the fluorescence spectra and lifetimes of the samples using fluorescence spectroscopy and frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FD-FLIM), respectively. Our results demonstrate that reliably identifying and differentiating ABS and PET was possible via FD-FLIM, even in the presence of these biological contaminations. These findings highlight the potential of this technique as a valuable tool for environmental monitoring and plastic characterization, offering a rapid and efficient alternative to currently used analytical methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label-free quantitative shotgun analysis of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate lipids.","authors":"Lian Y Wang, Rico J E Derks, Kevin A J Brewster, Danilo Prtvar, Sabina Tahirovic, Stefan A Berghoff, Martin Giera","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05890-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05890-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interest in the role of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) lipids in lysosomal function has significantly grown in recent years. Emerging evidence highlights BMPs as critical players not only in Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) but also in other pathologies such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. However, the selective analysis of BMPs is significantly hindered by isomeric phosphatidylglycerol (PG) lipids. While this can be addressed by chromatographic separation, it poses a significant challenge for shotgun lipidomics approaches. Here, we present a shotgun lipidomics strategy to detect and separate BMPs from PGs using differential fragmentation of sodiated ions. This approach, including isotope correction, is integrated into an existing quantitative shotgun lipidomics workflow (Lipidyzer combined with Shotgun Lipidomics Assistant software) that simultaneously quantifies >1400 lipids. Validation using K-562 cell extracts demonstrated acceptable linearity, trueness, repeatability, and a limit of quantification of 0.12 µM, confirming robust analytical performance. Finally, characteristic accumulation of BMP lipids is shown in bone marrow-derived macrophages from NPC mice, demonstrating its applicability. Our method presents a quantitative, selective, rapid, and robust solution for shotgun-based BMP analysis without the need for extensive chromatographic separation or derivatization. The integration of BMP lipid detection into the Lipidyzer platform, alongside the recently launched iSODA data visualization tool, empowers chemists and biologists to gain deeper insights into BMP lipid biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-body electrochemical measurement of sweat lactate with the use of paper-based fluidics and 3D-printed flexible wearable biosensor.","authors":"Gabriella Iula, Antonella Miglione, Panagiota M Kalligosfyri, Michele Spinelli, Angela Amoresano, Concetta Di Natale, Ibrahim A Darwish, Stefano Cinti","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05905-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05905-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Real-time monitoring of sweat lactate provides valuable physiological insights for assessing exercise outcomes and athletic performance. Conventional lactate detection methods, while sensitive, often lack portability and real-time capability for use in wearable or in-body applications. To address these limitations, electrochemical biosensing has emerged as a leading approach, enabling non-invasive and real-time analysis. Wearable devices which integrate lactate-specific enzymes with electrochemical transducers might provide efficient solutions for continuous monitoring. In this study, a wearable lactate biosensor was developed using custom screen-printed electrodes modified with a bio-hybrid probe comprising Prussian blue, carbon black, and lactate oxidase. All the key experimental parameters were optimized, and a detection limit of 60 µM and a linearity up to 20 mM were obtained. A filter paper-based strip was incorporated to enhance sweat collection and serve as the real sample collector by exploiting its porosity: this configuration allowed a satisfactory repeatability of 6%. The system was validated using real sweat samples, highlighting a quantitative correlation (94-103%) with LC-MS/MS measurements. The biosensor was integrated onto a 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) armband, designed for a customizable and comfortable fit, ensuring effective sweat collection and transport. This low-cost, wearable system represents a significant step forward in non-invasive, continuous, and personalized health monitoring, providing a practical tool for tracking physiological parameters in real-time.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, validation, and assessment of a reliable and white method for the analysis of water-based perfumes by pipette-tip micro-solid-phase extraction combined with dual detection gas chromatography.","authors":"Gaia Bechis, Giulia Quaranta, Carlo Bicchi, Arianna Marengo, Barbara Sgorbini, Patrizia Rubiolo, Cecilia Cagliero","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05889-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05889-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The analysis of possible allergens, impurities, and contaminants in perfumes and the determination of their volatile fingerprints are of high importance in determining their quality. At the same time, the analysis of perfumes with a significant water content can require complex procedures or large amounts of material. These new products are becoming increasingly popular as they reduce skin dryness and irritation, but they require the addition of additives to improve the solubility of all fragrance components. Direct injection into gas chromatography can lead to interferences and requires more frequent maintenance of the chromatographic system, while traditional extraction methods need several steps, a large volume of sample and material, and the use of toxic solvents. In this study, pipette-tip micro-solid-phase extraction (PT-µSPE) was used and optimized as an innovative, simple, sustainable, and time-saving approach. It requires only 10 mg Celite and 10 mg sample while elution is carried out with 100 mg heptane/ethyl acetate (70/30, p/p). The extraction is coupled with GC analysis with simultaneous FID and MS detection (GC-MS/FID), which is used for qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative purposes. The performance of the PT-µSPE method was validated and successfully applied to commercial samples. In addition, the performance of the developed method and of the reference approaches was evaluated, focusing mainly on the overall impact of analysis in accordance with the principles of White Analytical Chemistry. The results show that the PT-µSPE method is more balanced than the conventional methods in terms of analytical performance, greenness, and practical efficiency, making it a valuable alternative for routine use in the fragrance industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyamines of unique structure are integrated in Synura echinulata biosilica.","authors":"Oliver Reinke, Susanne Machill, Eike Brunner","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05891-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05891-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unicellar, biomineralizing algae like diatoms or Synurales are ubiquitous in various habitats all over the world and have an outstanding role in different biogeochemical cycles. They are well known for their elaborate nanopatterned cell structures consisting of amorphous biosilica, which is intracellularly synthesized. Special biomolecules assist in the silica formation. In particular, species-specific long-chain polyamines (LCPAs) are commonly found in diatom biosilica and seem to play a special role due to their ability to self-assemble and induce silica precipitation. In contrast to diatoms, no species from the order Synurales have been tested yet for the presence of LCPAs. Therefore, the present work deals with the analysis of Synura echinulata biosilica using a novel HPLC-HR-MS/MS method. The presence of unique LCPAs is shown, and their structure is elucidated via MS/MS experiments. LCPAs from S. echinulata are based on amino butyl repeat units-in contrast to all previously described LCPAs from other organisms, which are based on aminopropyl repeat units. The ubiquitous presence of LCPAs in biomineralizing species strongly indicates a general role of LCPAs in silica biomineralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive and high-coverage glycerophospholipidomic analysis based on iterative quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and its application in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.","authors":"Biqiong Qu, Menghan Feng, Lirong Liu, Shiyu Cong, Shengnan Cai, Tengteng Wang, Yun Qiao, Lixia Shi, Jie Liu, Hongbin Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05884-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05884-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycerophospholipids play important roles in iron-induced lipid peroxidation during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, making it essential to investigate changes in their varieties and concentrations under these conditions. However, the wide range of glycerophospholipid contents, particularly the low-abundance species in actual biological samples, posed a challenge for comprehensive analysis. In this study, an iterative quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-ToF-MS/MS) method was established with the aim of comprehensively detecting glycerophospholipids. This method was a data acquisition strategy implemented through iterative analyses. In each iteration, ions detected in previous runs were excluded, allowing low-abundance glycerophospholipids that were missed by the usual analysis to be extensively detected by a simplified operational process. Using this strategy, 254 glycerophospholipids including 157 PCs, 67 PEs, 19 PGs, 9 PIs, 7 PSs and 5 PAs in rat brain samples were identified after four iterations, and the number of glycerophospholipid species increased by 93.9% compared to a single assay, significantly enhancing the coverage of glycerophospholipid detection. Furthermore, the characteristic fragmentation patterns of six glycerophospholipid subclasses were systematically summarized to improve the accuracy of qualitative identification. In addition, these patterns were also used to construct an ion pair database containing 254 glycerophospholipids, enabling targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analysis under the optimized high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) conditions. By comparing the changed glycerophospholipids of rat brains from the normal and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury groups, 29 glycerophospholipids were recognized as the potential biomarkers for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, among which nine glycerophospholipids were particularly detected by four iterations. Overall, this iterative MS/MS approach extensively expanded the coverage of low-abundance components, and has been proven to be an effective approach in biomarker screening of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent analytical advances in the detection and characterization of 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate.","authors":"Elias Mernie, Joseph Zaia","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-05898-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05898-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heparan sulfate (HS) is a linear, highly sulfated, and heterogeneous polysaccharide that covalently attaches to core proteins to form heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). HSPGs are widely expressed in mammalian cells and are found on the cell surface and within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Structurally, HS consists of repeating disaccharide units composed of hexuronic acid (HexA) (either glucuronic acid (GlcA) or iduronic acid (IdoA)) linked to glucosamine (GlcN) units. The HS chain undergoes extensive post-polymerization modifications, including N-deacetylation of GlcN, C5-epimerization of HexA, and sulfation at various positions like 2-O-sulfation of HexA, as well as 3-O-, 6-O-, and N-sulfation of GlcN. Among these modifications, 3-O-sulfation of HS, produced by HS 3-O-sulfotransferase (HS3OST), is the rarest and most functionally significant. While 3-O-sulfated HS is well known for its anticoagulant properties through the activation of antithrombin, it also plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes, including cell differentiation, cancer progression, herpes simplex virus entry, and neuronal development. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these functions and their pathological implications remain inadequately characterized. This knowledge gap is primarily due to the low abundance of 3-O-sulfated HS and the lack of standardized analytical methods for its detection in biological samples. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in analytical techniques for the analysis of 3-O-sulfated HS and highlight potential future directions to improve its characterization and advance our understanding of its biological roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}