Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Green in situ reduction synthesis of Cu₃(HHTP)₂/APBA-rGO: a synergistic platform for dopamine electrochemical sensing.","authors":"Yuhua Dong, Yiheng Wang, Dandan He, Tongtong Tian, Tianzeng Wang, Xiaotian Ma, Guofeng Zhao, Shengquan Liu, Shuge Peng","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06811-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06811-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter, and its abnormal levels are closely associated with several neurological disorders. Herein, an environmentally friendly in situ reduction strategy is proposed to fabricate a Cu₃(HHTP)₂/APBA-rGO composite for DA sensing with remarkable sensitivity and selectivity. In this strategy, Cu⁺ ions simultaneously reduce graphene oxide (GO) to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) without any external reductant and are oxidized to Cu²⁺, which then coordinates with 2,3,6,7,10,11-triphenylenehexol (HHTP) to form Cu₃(HHTP)₂ directly on the rGO surface. 3-Aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) is pre-grafted onto GO to achieve specific recognition of DA and to improve the dispersion of the composite. The resulting composite synergistically combines the high conductivity of rGO, the electrocatalytic capacity of Cu₃(HHTP)₂, and the specific DA recognition of APBA. The successful formation of the composite was confirmed by SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical measurements revealed that the Cu₃(HHTP)₂/APBA-rGO-modified electrode exhibited a broad linear range from 0.25 to 616.25 μM, a low limit of detection of 0.05 μM (S/N = 3), and an outstanding sensitivity reaching 627.57 μA·mM^-1·cm^-2. Moreover, the sensor exhibited satisfactory reproducibility, prominent interference resistance, and favorable storage stability. The present study provides an environmentally friendly and facile approach to construct MOF-based nanocomposites for reliable detection of DA.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards engineering molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors: linking design strategies to analytical and operational performance.","authors":"Alice Marinangeli, Alessandra Maria Bossi","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06798-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06798-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as synthetic receptors in sensing has expanded rapidly across diagnostic, environmental, food, and pharmaceutical applications, owing to their ability to mimic biological recognition while offering chemical robustness and cost-effective synthesis. However, the analytical performance of MIP-based sensors is not determined by molecular recognition alone, but by how effectively the imprinted material is engineered and integrated within the sensing interface. Against this background, this review provides a performance-oriented analysis of strategies developed to improve MIP-based sensors by correlating specific material and device-design approaches with measurable sensing outcomes. After outlining the analytical and operational criteria used to evaluate sensor performance, the review examines how different engineering strategies address distinct performance-limiting factors, including restricted analyte accessibility, slow mass transport, binding-site heterogeneity, weak signal generation, and limited regeneration. Nanoscale and ultrathin MIP formats are discussed as approaches to improve binding-site accessibility and response dynamics, while oriented imprinting, template engineering, and solid-phase synthesis are examined as routes to enhance binding-site homogeneity and recognition reproducibility. Stimuli-responsive materials are considered for their ability to introduce active functionality into the recognition layer, enabling signal amplification, reversible target binding, and interface regeneration. By linking design strategies to sensor-level performance benefits and remaining operational limitations, this review provides a framework for evaluating how MIP engineering can contribute to more sensitive, reproducible, and functionally robust sensing platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of extraction capabilities of protease, proteinase K, and TMAH for nanoparticle characterization in biological CRMs by spICP-MS.","authors":"Filip Gregar, Doaa Abouelenein, Katrin Loeschner, Zuzana Gajdosechova","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06797-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06797-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliable method development and validation rely on certified reference materials (CRMs) that ideally provide accurate analyte values independent of sample preparation and analytical methodology. Although inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly being investigated in biological systems, biological matrix CRMs certified for NP characterization are not yet available. In this study, five biological CRMs (DOLT-4, DOLT-5, DORM-4, DORM-5, and TORT-3) were extracted using three commonly employed protocols based on proteinase K, protease, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). The resulting extracts were analyzed by single-particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) to determine particle number concentrations (PNCs) and particle size distributions (PSDs) of Ag-, Al-, Cu-, Cr-, Fe-, Hg-, Se-, Si-, Ti-, and Zn-containing nanoparticles. Both PNCs and PSDs varied substantially among the extraction protocols, demonstrating that sample preparation is a major source of variability in NP characterization. In addition to differences in extraction performance, elevated NP backgrounds were observed for several elements in the TMAH reagent, highlighting the importance of evaluating reagent-derived contamination when interpreting spICP-MS results. Investigation of Hg- and Se-containing NPs in DOLT-4, DORM-5, and TORT-3 further demonstrated that incomplete tissue digestion and residual matrix fragments complicate particle identification and interpretation. Overall, this work provides a systematic comparison of commonly used extraction strategies for the analysis of naturally occurring NPs in biological CRMs, identifies current limitations associated with sample preparation, and provides guidance for future method development and the design of biological CRMs for NP characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual template (epitope) imprinting of Mycobacterium leprae bacterial protein for enhanced MIP-EQCM sensing.","authors":"Moumita Mandal, Akriti Srivastava, Tulika Rai, Meenakshi Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06804-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06804-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leprosy, often known as Hansen's disease, is a chronic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) bacteria. The bacterium has a long incubation period, making it challenging for diagnosis. Timely diagnosis is crucial in initiating early treatment and preventing disease progression and complications. Herein, we proposed a dual-epitope imprinted polymer sensor for M. leprae bacterial protein. Two peptide (epitope) sequences unique to the bacteria were selected and immobilized onto gold nanoparticles, followed by polymerization using multiple monomers 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (2-MPC), benzyl methacrylate (BM), and 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP), selected through in silico molecular docking strategy and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker. The imprinted polymer was electrodeposited on the gold coated electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) electrode. The sensor was able to show specific binding towards the real blood samples of leprosy patients. The limit of detection (1.39-1.82 nM) and limit of quantification (4.20-5.51 nM) with no cross reactivity and matrix effect indicate high sensitivity and selectivity. The sensor exhibits a significant improvement in selectivity and adsorption capacity over conventional sensors, with add-on advantages of reusability, high selectivity and sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel multi-aptamer electrospun nanofibrous membrane for simultaneous selective extraction of monoamine neurotransmitters and determination in biological samples by LC-MS.","authors":"Xijia Zhang, Junfeng Qin, Chen Ma, Ningning Wang, Yufeng Li, Juanjuan Zhao, Dongsheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06777-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06777-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) are key monoamine neurotransmitters, the sensitive determination of which in biological matrices is challenging owing to low concentrations and strong matrix interference. In this study, a multi-aptamer-functionalized electrospun membrane (MA-Au@PVP/PVDF) was developed by simultaneously immobilizing the DA aptamer (Apt-DA) and the 5-HT aptamer (Apt-5-HT) on the membrane surface via Au-S bonds. The membrane combines high specific surface area, good stability, and aptamer-based specificity, enabling simultaneous and selective extraction of DA and 5-HT from complex samples. The enriched analytes were subsequently quantified using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). The maximum adsorption capacities of the MA-Au@PVP/PVDF membrane were 190.8 ng/cm² for 5-HT and 165.1 ng/cm² for DA, with the adsorption process fitting well to the Langmuir isotherm model (R² ≥ 0.99). Under optimized extraction conditions, the established method was thoroughly validated in both serum and urine matrices, exhibiting wide linear ranges (2.5-1000 ng/mL, R² ≥ 0.9905), low limits of quantification (LLOQ 2.5-10 ng/mL), satisfactory intra- and inter-day precision (RSD < 10.54%), and negligible matrix effects (86.37%-108.92%). The recoveries in serum and urine were 88.91%-103.22%, demonstrating its good broad applicability in different matrices. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of DA and 5-HT in human urine samples, providing a reliable and efficient pretreatment strategy for trace neurotransmitter analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a thiol-ene microfluidic chip for CE-MS of peptides and proteins.","authors":"Omid Rouhi, Jordan T Aerts, Kamille C Staack, Delaram R Mikalsen, Stephan S Keller, Mohammad Ramezannezhad, Nickolaj J Petersen, Jörg P Kutter, Kasper D Rand","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06778-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06778-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microfluidic capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry (MCE-MS) has emerged as a promising platform for miniaturizing biomolecular analysis due to its low sample consumption, rapid separations, and potential for integration of multiple analytical functions on a single device. However, peptide and protein analysis with MCE-MS devices can be limited by electrospray ionization stability and surface adsorption. Here, we have developed a thiol-ene-based MCE device with an integrated electrospray emitter, fabricated using a double-replication molding approach. We improved the performance of the MCE-MS microchip by optimizing electrospray ionization stability and systematically evaluating surface modification strategies to minimize non-specific adsorption and improve separation repeatability. Different MCE channel surface coatings, including linear polyacrylamide and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA), were investigated for their influence on peptide separations. Both coatings improved separation performance compared to unmodified devices, providing enhanced migration repeatability and reduced non-specific adsorption. PEGMA coatings provided the most balanced overall performance, combining comprehensive analyte compatibility with repeatable migration time and improved peak symmetry with narrower peak width. The optimized coated microchip was utilized for peptide mapping MCE-MS/MS analysis of pepsin-digested hemoglobin. PEGMA-coated chips enabled peptide identification within a separation window of approximately 60 s, achieving sequence coverages of 92.2% and 78.8% for the α- and β-chains, respectively. In addition, intact protein separations of insulin, β-lactoglobulin, and tropomyosin were demonstrated under acidic MCE-MS conditions, with repeatable migration times. These results highlight the potential of thiol-ene-based MCE-MS as a versatile platform for peptide and protein analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel external calibration strategy using hollow short-tube hydroxyapatite ceramics for elemental quantitative imaging of human teeth by LA-ICP-MS.","authors":"Yu Cui, Xin Yang, Dingwen Zhang, Lanlan Jin, Wei Guo, Shenghong Hu","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06807-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06807-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Teeth provide retrospective information regarding health status, dietary habits, age, and environmental exposures. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) enables direct solid analysis with high spatial resolution, rendering it well-suited for the microanalysis of teeth. However, accurate quantification is often hampered by the lack of matrix-matched calibration standards. In this work, an external calibration strategy based on hollow short-tube hydroxyapatite ceramics (HAP-T) was established. Due to the one-dimensional tubular architecture, the sintered HAP-T ceramic exhibits high density and mechanical robustness, and its laser ablation behavior was similar to that of tooth samples. The doped trace elements were homogeneously distributed in HAP-T, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of line scan signals in the range of 7.17-11.07%. The concentrations of doped elements in two synthetic ceramic calibration standards (HAP-T-1 and HAP-T-2) were determined via LA-ICP-MS and pneumatic nebulization ICP-MS (PN-ICP-MS), and excellent consistency was observed between the two analytical techniques. The proposed method was successfully applied to the quantitative elemental imaging of Ca, Mg, Zn, Sr, and Pb in human deciduous tooth sections, achieving high spatial resolution that allows clear visualization of elemental distributions of fine tissue structures including the neonatal line and enamel-dentine junction. These results demonstrate that HAP-T exhibits excellent matrix matching with tooth samples in terms of both chemical composition and laser ablation behavior. This calibration strategy is thus highly promising for the accurate quantitative analysis and elemental imaging of teeth, bones, and potentially other phosphate-based biominerals.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APGC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics reveals markers associated with grapes quality during postharvest storage at different temperatures.","authors":"Chenjie Ren, Fengming Chen, Xiujuan Wang, Tong Liu, Xuesong Feng, Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06794-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06794-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postharvest quality monitoring of grapes represents a critical challenge in the global fruit supply chain. Traditional sensory evaluation suffers from time lag, preventing early spoilage intervention. Here, we developed an untargeted metabolomics approach using atmospheric pressure gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (APGC-QTOF-MS) combined with multivariate analysis to screen for potential freshness-related biomarkers in summer black grapes (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca \"Summer Black\") subjected to different storage temperatures for 48 h. A total of 497 temperature-responsive metabolic features were detected. After rigorous filtering (p < 0.05, FC > 2, VIP > 1) and confirmation, we refined these to 19 high-confidence biomarkers distinctly associated with storage temperature. Results were cross-validated with Orbitrap Exploris GC (OEGC) data. This study demonstrates a robust analytical method for the discovery of temperature-responsive metabolites in perishable produce. The identified biomarkers and their temperature-dependent pattern provide a promising molecular foundation for future investigations into postharvest supply chain monitoring. However, we acknowledge that the 48-h time point serves as an initial snapshot requiring future time‑course validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled modification of the hydrophilicity of polyethylene terephthalate micro- and nanoplastic particles and their analysis in bottled drinking water.","authors":"Gabriella F Schirinzi, John Seghers, Francesco Roncari, Andrea Valsesia, Håkan Emteborg","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06788-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06788-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have previously developed methods to artificially age cryogenically milled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) particles using alkaline and acidic treatments. This approach reliably resulted in large quantities of micro- and nanoplastic particles with significantly increased hydrophilicity. To investigate the relationship between treatment time and hydrophobicity, we studied the hydrophobicity index (Hy) of PET particles treated with 0.25 M KOH for different treatment times in an ultrasonic bath (1.5-6 h). We obtained a specific size fraction of interest (0.2-1.2 µm), by centrifugation of the initial suspension of artificially aged PET (aPET). For this, a stepwise centrifugation protocol was used, and we characterized the specific size fraction using an array of different techniques. The characterization techniques included dark field (DF) microscopy for determining the hydrophobicity index (Hy), particle counting by single particle extinction and scattering (SPES), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Raman microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed clear instability and hydrophobic behavior for shorter treatment times. Stable suspensions were obtained after 6 h of treatment with KOH yielding increased hydrophilicity and a sufficiently high zeta potential. The decrease in hydrophobicity index values over time should make it possible to design future reference materials where the artificially aged micro- and nanoplastic particles become qualitative reference materials (RMs) with an ordinal property. A known amount of the most hydrophilic fraction (6 h) was added to bottled drinking water, and the particle mass and particle number concentration recoveries were assessed. The resulting mass recovery was 68 ± 13% (n = 3). The approach allows the preparation of microplastic and nanoplastic particles with different hydrophobicity indices that can be easily controlled (or tuned) to result in particles with higher or lower hydrophobicity suitable for further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in bioanalytics: implications for research and education.","authors":"Karsten Rebner, Jörg Mittelstät, Ralf Kemkemer, Günther Proll","doi":"10.1007/s00216-026-06806-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-026-06806-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly shaping bioanalytical research by supporting the analysis of complex, high-dimensional and multimodal datasets. Although AI-based methods often achieve remarkable predictive performance, their scientific relevance ultimately depends on the extent to which model outputs can be linked to biologically, chemically, and physically meaningful processes. This article discusses the implications of AI-supported bioanalytics for both research and higher education, with particular emphasis on model transparency, interpretability, and analytical validity. Black-box, grey-box, and white-box models are considered as distinct yet complementary approaches to knowledge generation. In this context, grey-box and hybrid modelling strategies are identified as especially suitable for bioanalytical applications because they integrate data-driven learning with established domain knowledge. The discussion is illustrated by a case study on UV/Vis spectroscopic monitoring of mammalian cell viability, demonstrating how physics-informed AI, experimental design, spectral analysis, and rigorous model validation can contribute not only to reliable predictions but also to a more mechanistic interpretation of bioanalytical data. From an educational perspective, the integration of AI extends beyond the acquisition of technical skills and requires curricula that foster critical reasoning, uncertainty assessment, and the reflective evaluation of model results. Responsible use of AI in bioanalytics therefore requires its treatment as a tool that complements scientific judgement rather than replacing analytical expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}