Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community最新文献

{"title":"From book bans to affirmative action: DARVO as a political tool against Critical Race Theory.","authors":"Mika Handelman","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2398898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2024.2398898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the most recent wave of anti-racism movements in the U.S., Critical Race Theory has gained attention as a key mechanism to identify, deconstruct, and challenge dominant white American ideologies and their associated institutional practices. Given that Critical Race Theory threatens to unmask and destabilize centralized white racialized power in the United States, dominant white cultural and institutional backlash to attack, suppress, and invalidate anti-racist ideologies and practices has reached new levels. This article proposes that the American conservative right-wing uses a core rhetorical strategy known as Institutional DARVO to undermine anti-racism movements and Critical Race Theory. Institutional DARVO is a systems-level extension of DARVO (Deny, Attack, Reverse Victim and Offender) which identifies three specific patterns of abuse seen in intimate partner violence. This article will provide an analysis of the document issued by former President Donald J. Trump on September 22, 2020, \"Executive Order on Combating Race and Sex Stereotyping,\" to illustrate the governmental-political use of Institutional DARVO in the backlash against Critical Race Theory. This Executive Order has influenced conservative political ideas and rhetoric that has fueled the growing surge of book bans, anti-DEI governmental practices and policies, anti-education legislation, and the recent supreme court decision to declare affirmative action unlawful. Identifying these core patterns and strategies used by primarily white conservative groups and institutions to challenge anti-racist movements is critically important in addressing both the realities and false narratives around race and inequity in the United States, as these narratives are impacting our current social, political, legal, and educational culture, practices, and policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a Future for School-Based Menstruation Health and Hygiene (MHH): Evaluating Implementation of a Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) Policy in Chicago Public Schools.","authors":"Serena Shah, Julia Shenkman, Thalia Chicojay, Janet Kamiri-Ong, Marisa DiPaolo, Tarrah DeClemente, Emily Fishman, Penelope Phillips-Howard, Leah C Neubauer","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2379082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2024.2379082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) inequities disproportionately impact communities who are marginalized. In 2018, Illinois passed the Learn with Dignity Act (LWDA) requiring schools to provide menstrual products in bathrooms, yet little is known about its impacts. This evaluation examined LWDA implementation across Chicago Public Schools (CPS) and identified barriers, facilitators, and lessons to inform future MHH policy implementations. A qualitative study was conducted by thematically analyzing interviews with CPS staff (n = 36) from October 2020 - September 2021 in partnership with CPS Office of Student Health and Wellness (OSHW). Staff reported inadequate LWDA and MHH education and inconsistent menstrual product availability. Structural, systemic, and cultural implementation barriers hindered student access to products and created inequities based on age, gender, and income. Staff investment and student education were implementation facilitators. Staff awareness of policy implementation protocol, student MHH education, and addressing access inequities are key factors for consideration in future policy implementations. Through the WSCC model, these findings demonstrated the importance of strengthening MHH policies and policy implementation to promote student health, well-being, and educational opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I would be so proud of you guys and myself:\" Exploring guided play learning interactions among Black caregivers and their children within a Black history home learning intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Lauren Mims, Addison Duane, Jenna MacNulty, LaKenya Johnson, Qunishia Carter, Heather Bishop, Erika Bocknek","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2377866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2024.2377866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing literature on Black caregiver's interactions with their children has overwhelmingly focused on parenting deficits and interventions designed to \"fix\" Black families. In utilizing the BlackCreate framework (2023), this study explores how Black caregivers intentionally crafted learning spaces for their children within the context of a six month intervention. Brilliant Joy in a Box was a six-month intervention developed in partnership with a Black woman entrepreneur that delivered caregiver-child Black history home learning boxes to families during the COVID-19 pandemic with the goal of addressing the impacts of persistent historical educational inequities for Black youth, the disproportionate impact of the pandemic Black families, and requests from community members seeking additional programming during the winter months. In the current study, we analyzed videos of 77 families interacting during a guided play activity. We found that the learning spaces created by Black families focused on four subject matters and their domains: literacy, scientific curiosity, math, and identity. We also found that Black caregivers organically utilized guided play to promote joyful interaction and learning. Findings underscore the importance of educators and school staff learning from families in order to reimagine learning and design community based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141628062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voices of the unhoused from Santa Fe, New Mexico: A mixed methods study of health status, substance use, and community harm reduction program perspectives.","authors":"Laura Brown, H. Rishel Brakey, Kimberly Page","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2352266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2024.2352266","url":null,"abstract":"No published studies have examined the community service priorities and harm reduction perspectives of unhoused people in Santa Fe, New Mexico. We conducted a mixed methods pilot study of 56 unhoused people at community locations in Santa Fe to: (1) assess the current prevalence of chronic medical conditions and substance use; (2) highlight community service priorities; and (3) explore views of innovative community harm reduction programs. Our first hypothesis was there would be high prevalence of chronic medical conditions, for which we found high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, substance use disorders, chronic pain, and hypertension. Our second hypothesis was that we would find top community service priorities of housing, food, and health care. We found long- and short-term housing and food, but not healthcare, top priorities. Our third hypothesis was that we would find mixed support for community harm reduction initiatives like managed alcohol programs and overdose prevention centers. We found positive, not mixed, support for these community harm reduction programs among Santa Fe's unhoused. Unhoused study participants ranged in age 27-77 years, with lifetime years unhoused from less than one year to 63 years. Study limitations included small sample size, convenience sampling, and descriptive results. Policies and program initiatives supporting additional Housing First options, managed alcohol programs, and overdose prevention centers in the Santa Fe community are clearly indicated to increase engagement with this vulnerable population. Future research should focus on inclusion of the perspectives of the unhoused in the design, conduct, evaluation, and dissemination of community programs to meet the needs of the unhoused, with re-defined outcomes to include changes in quality of life, program engagement, demarginalization, and future goals and plans, beyond currently utilized health and social service program outcome measures.","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's time for a change. I need to. I have to\": Substance misuse recovery turning points of unhoused Alaskans.","authors":"Alicia F Marvin, Sara L Buckingham","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2332124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2024.2332124","url":null,"abstract":"Substance misuse is a pernicious health concern for many unhoused people. A deep understanding of turning points - what propels someone to take concrete action toward addressing substance misuse - is needed to inform recovery policies and practices. This study sought to identify common elements in turning points among unhoused people vis-à-vis a phenomenological qualitative approach. Twenty people (Mage = 47.47, SD = 9.75; 50% female) who self-identified as being in recovery while unhoused participated in semi-structured interviews in Anchorage, Alaska, a community with high rates of both houselessness and substance misuse. Survival (life- and health-sustaining), individual (intrapersonal), and relational (interpersonal) motivations all shaped turning points. Limitations include the possible underrepresentation of individuals using a harm-reduction approach or capturing differences by housing type. Programs to address substance misuse should consider these motivations. Future research should identify and refine turning points and work to understand how they interact with change processes.","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The Things We Carry\": Interventions against the cumulative effects of racism in K-12 education.","authors":"Sam King-Shaw, Natalie King-Shaw, Melanie Sonsteng-Person, Dominique Mikell Montgomery, Alexia Oduro","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2323885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2024.2323885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-Black racism in K-12 education settings has long-term impacts on Black students, including negative academic and mental health outcomes. Limited interventions following experiences of racism shape Black students' expectations of K-12 education, accumulating over time into institutional distrust and these mental health outcomes. As such, it is necessary to understand how Black students experience racism within K-12 settings to better inform interventions that can be implemented at the school level. To that end, this study employed the participatory action research (PAR) method of photovoice to understand the impacts of racism in educational settings among 5 Black women undergraduate students. Results highlight the cumulative effects of racism on identity development and early coping. Implications inform future interventions to address the cumulative effects of anti-Black racism in K-12 education.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"College focused rapid rehousing: Deploying an existing community model to address homelessness on campus.","authors":"Arturo Baiocchi, Susanna Curry, Rashida Crutchfield, Jessica Wolin, Jennifer Wilking, Susan Roll","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2315369","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2315369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research indicates that financial and housing insecurity challenges are widespread on most college campuses throughout the U.S. However, there is wide variability in how campuses address these challenges. This study reports on a three-year implementation of the <i>College-Focused Rapid Rehousing</i> pilot; an initiative in California by which universities commissioned community providers to assist students in need via a modified Rapid Rehousing (RRH) intervention. RRH is a widely implemented intervention that combines move-in assistance, short-term rental subsidies, and ongoing case management, to help individuals quickly transition into stable housing. The mixed-methods evaluation included analyses of online surveys (<i>n</i> = 141), administrative records (<i>n</i> = 368), and focus groups conducted with staff across eight campuses (<i>n</i> = 35). Survey findings indicate that CFRR programs assisted a diverse group of students with similar histories of housing insecurity. Quantitative analyses also show that most participants experienced the intervention as designed, though with some inconsistencies in how quickly some were assisted. Qualitative findings highlight contextual factors that affected the consistency of the intervention, including tight rental markets and philosophical disagreements among administrators about the intervention's scope. Despite study limitations, findings provide insights into the applicability of the RRH model on campus settings and directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Resilience through Intervention, Direct Guidance, and Empowerment (BRIDGE): A demonstration project to assist youth aging out of foster care in Poland.","authors":"Paul A Toro, Tia N Turner, Małgorzata E Szarzyńska","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2317662","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2317662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Building Resilience through Intervention, Direct Guidance, and Empowerment</i> (BRIDGE) is an innovative program designed to prevent homelessness and other negative outcomes among youth aging out of foster care. BRIDGE was pilot-tested on youth aging out of two orphanages in a city in southern Poland in 2009-2012. Youth were recruited at age 17, before aging out at age 18. Quasi-experimental methods were used to evaluate program outcomes among nine BRIDGE clients compared to two matched groups (<i>n</i> = 9 and <i>n</i> = 18) of youth who had recently aged out of orphanages in the same Polish region. Consistent with Hypothesis 1, results of chi-square tests showed that, over an 18-month follow-up period, BRIDGE clients experienced superior housing outcomes relative to both matched groups. Consistent with Hypothesis 2, the results of a between-subjects ANOVA showed that BRIDGE clients received significantly greater income relative to the matched groups. Within-subjects effects of BRIDGE from baseline across 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-ups were examined with repeated-measures ANOVAs. Consistent with Hypotheses 3-5, results showed that across time BRIDGE clients experienced a general increase in income and decrease in psychological distress (i.e., total distress, obsessive-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, and paranoia). The study's findings support the further development of BRIDGE and similar programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community narratives on rural homelessness: Tales of terror and tales of compassion.","authors":"Kristen Gleason, Jennifer Martin, Elizabeth Bernier","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2315367","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2315367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Homelessness is often assumed to be mostly confined to urban spaces, leaving experiences of homelessness in rural contexts largely unexamined. The present study aims to understand the discursive context, or public understanding, of homelessness in rural communities. We examined community narratives related to the idea of \"homelessness\" in rural spaces. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 70 key stakeholders from four rural communities in the U.S. State of Maine. Participants were asked to give their impressions related to homelessness in their community. We conducted a systematic qualitative analysis of these interviews and our analysis was grounded in a critical discourse analysis perspective. Using Rappaport's framework for understanding helpful and harmful community narratives, we identified three community narratives that harm by stereotyping or erasing homelessness in rural communities: <i>Not Here, That One Guy</i>, and <i>Mainly Outsiders</i>. We also examined counter-narratives that worked against each of the three primary narratives: <i>It Looks Different, It's More Hidden,</i> and <i>Local Struggle and Lack of Resources</i>. The counter-narratives tell a different, more compassionate, story of homelessness in rural spaces. Our main goal was to analyze the \"work\" that each of these narratives were doing in terms of constructing different understandings of \"rural homelessness.\" The implications for policy and practice are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participatory community action research in homeless shelters: Outcomes for shelter residents and service-learning research assistants.","authors":"Roger N Reeb, Greg Elvers, Charles A Hunt, Tia N Turner, Thomas N Ballas, Christine N Farmer, Katey Gibbins, Zachary S Glendening, Rebecca Kinsey, Bernadette D Latuch, Chelsey N Parker, Nyssa L Snow-Hill, Jennifer L Zicka, David Bohardt, Robert Andrews","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2317671","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10852352.2024.2317671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article reports empirical outcomes of an ongoing transdisciplinary participatory community action research project that implements behavioral activation in homeless shelters. The overall goal of this Project is twofold: (1) to improve psychosocial functioning of shelter residents and enhance their opportunities to overcome homelessness; and (2) to enhance civic development of service-learning students who assist in Project implementation. Two studies are reported, representing these goals. Study 1 found that residents of a men's shelter (n = 892), women's shelter (n = 433), and transitional housing (n = 40) perceived behavioral activation sessions as immediately beneficial (i.e., important, meaningful, worthy of repeating, and enjoyable), and over the course of shelter stay, they perceived behavioral activation as contributing to their hope, empowerment/self-sufficiency, quality of life, purpose/meaning in life, wellbeing, social support, shelter social climate, and relationships with staff. Quantitative findings are supported by qualitative data (comments by residents on forms). Study 2, which replicates and extends past research on civic-development in service-learning students, used a new quasi-experimental design to compare service-learning students (n = 41) in an interdisciplinary course on homelessness versus non-service-learning students (n = 16) in a psychology course. Service-learning students showed pre- to post-semester improvements in community service self-efficacy, decreases in stigmatizing attitudes, and increases in awareness of privilege and oppression, but students not engaged in service-learning did not show these civic-related changes. These quantitative results are supported by qualitative data (written reflections by students). Results and implications are discussed within the context of the concept of psychopolitical validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}