Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community最新文献

{"title":"Hospital-based analysis of risk factors for severe pneumonia patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China.","authors":"Xiu Wu, Ayodeji Iyanda","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2514866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2514866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective cohort study examined 693 elderly patients (≥65 years) with severe pneumonia admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, assessing risk factors across two periods: pre-pandemic, during China's zero-Covid policy. Using logistic regression and Cox models, we found notable shifts in risk factor associations. Before the pandemic, chronic kidney disease significantly increased the odds of severe pneumonia (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.45-1.81). During the pandemic, hazard ratios rose for endotracheal intubation (72%), ischemic heart disease (80%), and hospital stays (30%), while hypertension showed a decreased association with severe pneumonia from HR: 0.8 (95% CI: 0.49, 1.32) to HR: 0.61(95% CI: 0.45, 0.85). These findings suggest that pneumonia severity intensified during the pandemic, possibly reflecting healthcare disruptions or delayed care. Elderly patients, especially those with chronic conditions, would benefit from strengthened community-based health interventions to improve outcomes and resilience against future respiratory infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation capacity building: Advancing community-centered solutions to substance use health inequities in Chicago.","authors":"Sarah Gabriella Hernandez, Elissa West-Frazier, Dina Khalil, Emma McAuley, Madeleine Saldon, Livia Verklan-McInnes, Shirley Tankersley","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2495376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2495376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the city of Chicago, opioid overdose is one of the top five drivers of the life expectancy gap between Black and non-Black Chicagoans, which reached 11.4 years in 2022. The city has responded by supporting social and behavioral health community-based organizations (i.e., delegate agencies) in implementing place-based and community-centered evidence-informed harm reduction strategies for local populations most impacted by opioid overdoses. This study highlights key findings from qualitative interviews with agency staff related to how agencies are implementing a variety of harm reduction strategies emergent practice-based innovations. Findings demonstrated how agencies creatively contended with systems-level challenges through emergent harm reduction innovations that emphasized community-based education, outreach, and choice; a person-centered approach; and a hyperlocal, place-based coordination of overdose response. Findings from this study contribute to the growing harm reduction evidence base while offering practical recommendations and examples of uptake to address challenges that impact the effectiveness of harm reduction strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural attunement approach for enhanced uptake of harm reduction services: A qualitative study in marginalized U.S. communities.","authors":"Lauretta Ekanem Omale, Judah Viola","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2496208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2496208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harm reduction services are critical in reducing the adverse consequences of drug use, but their uptake remains limited among marginalized communities. This qualitative study explored how cultural factors influence engagement with harm reduction services among marginalized communities in the United States. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 participants who had utilized or were familiar with harm reduction services. Grounded theory analysis revealed several key themes: (1) The critical role of cultural respect in messaging to build trust and engagement; (2) The profound influence of cultural norms and expectations on service utilization; (3) The importance of culturally appropriate messaging that resonates with community values and experiences; (4) The need for cultural sensitivity in intervention design and implementation to address access barriers. Findings informed the development of a Cultural Attunement Theory for harm reduction interventions, emphasizing the importance of understanding historical factors contributing to mistrust, leveraging cultural strengths, and co-creating culturally respectful messaging with community members. Recommendations are provided for developing culturally centered harm reduction campaigns to increase access, utilization, and health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emotional terrain of community-based service provision: Advocating for criminalized women in Atlantic Canada.","authors":"Katharine Dunbar Winsor","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2495374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2495374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the experiences of community service providers supporting criminalized women in Atlantic Canada, focusing on issues related to trauma, victimization, substance use, and motherhood. These providers work within community-based organizations, assisting clients as navigating complex systems, including criminal legal, child protection, and social assistance. The women they support often face multiple forms of stigma and structural barriers due to their intersecting identities.</p><p><p>This research examines how service providers understand the interconnectedness of substance use, criminalization, and motherhood in their clients' lives. It emphasizes the potential of trauma-informed and harm reduction approaches to better support criminalized women's health and pregnancies. Service providers act as crucial advocates, often building trust and forming meaningful relationships with their clients.</p><p><p>Using a feminist methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 providers working with criminalized women (who were previously incarcerated or otherwise in conflict with the law) in Atlantic Canada. The transcripts were analyzed using open and focused coding within a sociology of emotions framework. Themes include service providers encounters with their clients' substance use, the complexities of trust and relationship building, and apprehension and role confusion.</p><p><p>The findings highlight the critical role these providers play in de-stigmatizing substance use and supporting pregnancy through harm reduction approaches. The research emphasizes the need for embedding harm reduction strategies within programs for pregnant women who use substances. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of trauma-informed education and resources for service providers to address stigma, blame, and shame through supportive community service provision.</p><p><p>This study contributes to understanding of how community organizations support criminalized women, addressing challenges such as housing, employment, social support, and system navigation. It emphasizes the significance and impact of harm reduction and trauma-informed approaches in provider-client relationships and on effective service delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-informed and place-based harm reduction: exploring service offerings in Atlantic Canada.","authors":"Katharine Dunbar Winsor, Alexandra Burman, Hannah Denberg, Melody Morton-Ninomiya","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2496126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2496126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research investigates the implementation and challenges of harm reduction strategies, emphasizing gender-informed approaches and geographical disparities across Atlantic Canada. Despite compassionate principles aimed at minimizing the adverse effects of substance use, harm reduction strategies face significant opposition from policymakers and the public. This study uniquely contributes to the field by examining the intersection of gender-informed approaches, regional disparities, and policy challenges in harm reduction services within Atlantic Canada, an area that has received limited attention in previous research. Gender-informed harm reduction services address unique risks faced by different genders in substance use, including the differential impacts of gender roles and expectations. Tailored programs addressing mental health and experiences of violence and trauma benefit women and gender-diverse individuals. However, such services are often limited and concentrated in urban centers, leaving gaps in smaller provinces/territories and rural settings in Canada. Health and social spending reductions have exacerbated the inaccessibility of holistic harm reduction services. Time-limited programs pose a significant barrier, often failing to meet the evolving needs of pregnant and parenting women and gender-expansive AFAB individuals. Strong collaborations and place-based approaches are essential for equitable access to services and well-being during pregnancy and postnatally. Flexible, long-term support systems for both parents and children are necessary, and reduce common fears and experiences of judgment, stigma, and child welfare involvement that deter people from seeking care. An environmental scan study of community-based harm reduction projects in Atlantic Canada was conducted. Environmental scans involve a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information about organizations' internal and external environments and are used to inform policy and programming. Data analysis using open and focused coding revealed critical gaps in service provision as well as notable improvements in the availability and quality of harm reduction services in the region. Findings indicate a need for gender-specific services, a comprehensive continuum of care, and equitable geographic distribution of services. Addressing these gaps through tailored, informed, and inclusive strategies can enhance the effectiveness of harm reduction, improving long-term health outcomes for individuals, families, and communities across Atlantic Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harm reduction strategies in the community.","authors":"Rhonda K Lewis","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2495370","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2495370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harm reduction strategies in the community includes the work of practitioners, activists, and researchers conducting community-based work in domestic and international settings to alleviate pain and suffering for people who use drugs (PWUD) by providing services to meet their needs. This themed issue features a wide variety of community examples of harm reduction efforts that have been developed to reduce stigma associated with substance use. The articles focused on creating culturally appropriate messaging for opioid users while at the same time decriminalizing substance use and emphasizing the importance of implementing a social determinants of health framework in the community, including gender-specific care and ensuring safe substance use and connecting youth with services.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community readiness for harm reduction approaches to drug use: A qualitative Pilot study in Nigeria.","authors":"Lauretta Ekanem Omale, Judah Viola, MoDenna Stinnette, Bradley Olson","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2484037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2484037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Nigeria, drug abuse presents mounting public health challenges, understanding community readiness for harm reduction strategies is crucial yet understudied. This qualitative study examined community readiness to adopt harm reduction approaches and support the reintegration of individuals with drug use disorders. Through in-depth interviews with 18 participants, including parents of children with and without drug use disorders and healthcare providers from the Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital in Akure; the study revealed a complex interplay of factors affecting drug use and recovery. Despite identifying over seventy eligible households for this research, widespread stigma significantly limited participation, highlighting the deep-rooted social barriers facing intervention efforts. The findings uncovered that drug use is driven by an intricate web of factors: knowledge gaps about health risks, peer influence, economic hardship, and spiritual beliefs. Critical barriers to implementing harm reduction strategies emerged, including resource constraints and leadership buy-in. The study illuminates how strong family support systems, transformed social perceptions, and enhanced government policies could create pathways for effective harm reduction implementation. These insights suggest that successful intervention requires a nuanced, culturally attuned approach that combines stigma reduction, family empowerment, religious institution engagement, and policy advocacy offering a blueprint for community psychologists and healthcare providers working to build resilient, recovery-supportive communities in similar cultural contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social networks illustrate harm reduction mechanisms in recovery homes.","authors":"Alexander J Sikora, Leonard A Jason, Ted J Bobak, Da Wu","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2491864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2491864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recovery homes can provide critical support for individuals taking Medications for Opiate Use Disorders (MOUD). However, some abstinence-based self-help groups and organizations have expressed skepticism toward this harm-reduction strategy. One abstinence-based organization that has welcomed those on MOUD is Oxford House. With over 3,000 self-run recovery homes in the US, many individuals on MOUD currently live in these settings. This study examined how Oxford House residents interact and support those on MOUD. We examined these community-based recovery settings with a resident on MOUD over four months. Findings indicated that within Oxford Houses with a resident on MOUD versus those without a resident on MOUD, more positive changes occurred for friendship, advice-seeking, and loaning social network variables. It appears that residents in Oxford Houses where a resident is on MOUD experience positive transformations in their social networks, illustrating how recovery communities can welcome and support those using this harm reduction strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harm Reduction Perspectives of the Opioid Epidemic from Kansans, for Kansas: A Thematic Analysis.","authors":"Ngoc Vuong, Rhonda K Lewis, Dyan Dickens","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2487965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2487965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substantial increases in drug overdose deaths, the prevailing lack of access to care for substance use disorder, and the adverse effects of stigma and criminalization underlie the need for comprehensive evidence-based strategies that improve the health, safety, and well-being of people who use drugs. Harm reduction has emerged as a promising approach in the mitigation of substance-related harms. However, many harm reduction strategies remain illegal especially in Kansas. Eleven stakeholders, including law enforcement/criminal justice officials, state legislators, and health care professionals were interviewed to explore their perspectives on harm reduction and gather their recommendations Using reflexive thematic analysis, we developed three themes for the first research question (stigma, alternatives to criminalization, and authentic conversations and relationships) and six themes for the second research question (roadmap to a more comprehensive harm reduction, barriers to harm reduction, facilitators to harm reduction, connection of harm reduction to behavioral health reform, social determinants of health, and protection of public safety).</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of outdoor artificial light at night on blood pressure and hypertension: Insights from a population-based survey.","authors":"Kwadwo Boakye, Ayodeji Iyanda, Joseph Oppong, Maxwell Tii Kumbeni, Louvis Boakye","doi":"10.1080/10852352.2025.2482457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10852352.2025.2482457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing environmental issue associated with negative health outcomes. Yet, there is a dearth of evidence concerning its effect on blood pressure (BP), especially in Ghana. This study examined the associations between ALAN, blood pressure, and hypertension. The study used data from 13,784 participants in the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). VIIRS Nighttime Day/Night Band dataset within the Google Earth was used to assess ALAN. Data on BP were obtained from the 2014 GDHS. Linear and logistic mixed effects models were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that higher ALAN score was associated with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and higher odds of hypertension. We observed higher percentages of SBP, DBP, and hypertension among the majority ethnic populations compared to the minority. Public health interventions should aim to reduce ALAN exposure to benefit human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":46123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}