Current Hypertension Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Gestational Hypertension: A Contemporary Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Sunita, Rahul Kaushik, Praveen Kumar Gaur, Krishan Kumar Verma","doi":"10.2174/0115734021312990241115045601","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021312990241115045601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia are frequently encountered conditions in pregnancy, often occurring around the time of delivery. Mild cases of these conditions in the near term typically result in few complications for both the mother and the newborn. However, women diagnosed with gestational hypertension or preeclampsia need careful monitoring of both maternal and fetal well-being throughout pregnancy, and those with severe symptoms should receive hospital- based management. Preeclampsia is associated with endothelial dysfunction in the mother, prolonged immunological activation, fetal development limitation, hypertension with or without proteinuria, and endothelial dysfunction after week twenty of pregnancy. Pregnancy-related hypertension raises concerns, although the main issues are related to the progression of the condition to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia and HELLP syndrome. In this review, the cross-sectional study of gestational hypertension is evaluated, and the treatment approaches are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"117-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Hypertension in Children.","authors":"Francesca Mainieri, Veronica Maria Tagi, Francesco Chiarelli","doi":"10.2174/0115734021305332240712103602","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021305332240712103602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension is a real problem in children. It shows a tracking behaviour, representing a key risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and end-organ failure in adulthood. However, the importance of addressing arterial hypertension in children is not limited to its risk of tracking into adulthood. Thus, early detection and management are crucial. Hypertension may be primary or due to secondary causes, and identification of this distinction is very important for the treatment setting. Importantly, the management of hypertension in children is crucial to prevent the well-known cardiovascular effects in adulthood. As demonstrated in the literature, healthy eating habits, together with regular physical activity, can have a major impact on reducing high blood pressure and preventing organ damage in children and adolescents. However, suppose these are not sufficient to treat hypertension. In that case, if patients are symptomatic and/or have additional metabolic conditions such as obesity, type diabetes mellitus, or chronic kidney disease, anti-hypertensive medication must be started. Recent guidelines have provided clear guidance on the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive crisis in pediatric age. On the other hand, there are currently few specific recommendations on the treatment of isolated nocturnal hypertension and treatment- resistant hypertension. This review aims to summarize the most recent recommendations for the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive crisis in children and the last years' knowledge and experience in treating childhood isolated nocturnal hypertension and resistant hypertension of childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"80-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights from the New European Society of Hypertension Guidelines Document.","authors":"Guido Grassi","doi":"10.2174/0115734021309169240508110407","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021309169240508110407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present editorial will review the main recommendations included in the recent guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension issued by the European Society of Hypertension. Emphasis will be given to some crucial issues of major relevance for current clinical practice, such as office and out-of-office blood pressure measurements, blood pressure threshold and targets, combination drugs, the position of beta-blocking drugs in the therapeutic intervention, and renal denervation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"66-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin Therapy and Flow-Mediated Dilation: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE of Data from Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Seyyed Mostafa Arabi, Mahla Chambari, Leila Sadat Bahrami, Saeid Hadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.2174/0115734021280797240212091416","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021280797240212091416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A previous meta-analysis reported the positive effects of statin therapy on endothelial function. However, the obtained result had several limitations that necessitated updating the information in this field. Therefore, a systematic and meta-analysis review was conducted to determine whether statin therapy could improve endothelial function, as assessed by flow-- mediated dilation (FMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, SciVerse Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science were searched to identify randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the impact of statin therapy on FMD. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to calculate the mean difference in weight. Meta- regression and subgroup analyses were used to identify sources of heterogeneity. In addition, nonlinear dose-response, quality of evidence, influence analysis, and publication bias evaluation were assessed using standard methods.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Thirty-five trials (41 arms) involving 2178 participants were included in the meta-analysis study. Statin treatment significantly improved FMD [weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.7%, 95% CI: 1.3-2.2, p < 0.001). However, significant heterogeneity was observed (I²=97.9%, p < 0.001). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that health status can contribute to heterogeneity. Non-linear dose-response analysis revealed the most significant improvement in FMD with atorvastatin at a dose of 20 mg/day and simvastatin at 80 mg/day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statin therapy significantly improved endothelial function, as assessed by FMD. These changes are clinically significant, but their use should be approached with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"90-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Phenotypes and Polymorphisms with Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV2 Patients with Hypertension in an Urban Emergency Department.","authors":"Heather M Prendergast, Pavitra Kotini-Shah, Ruth Pobee, Maxwell Richardson, Amer Ardati, Dawood Darbar, Shaveta Khosla","doi":"10.2174/0115734021315730240919062555","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021315730240919062555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The role of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE and ACE2) phenotypes and polymorphisms in modulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV- 2) infection in hypertensive patients remains unclear. Our objective was to determine the distribution of ACE and ACE2 receptor phenotypes by patient demographics and correlate ACE and ACE2 levels of activity with SARS-CoV-2 outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hypertensive patients treated for SARS-CoV-2 at an urban emergency department (ED) were prospectively enrolled in a cohort study between August 2020 and April 2021. Blood samples were collected during ED visits or hospitalization. Outcome measures including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and 30-day mortality were obtained from electronic health records. Multivariable logistic regression was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 150 patients enrolled, 60% were Black, 32% Hispanic/Latinx, 4% Non-Hispanic Whites, and 4% others. The mean age was 59 (+/-14) years. The rate of hospitalization was high (86%) and Hispanic/Latinx had a higher likelihood of ICU admission. Patients harboring the rs2285666 genotype TT, AA, and GC alleles were more likely to be admitted to ICU, and those with TT and AA had higher mortality. The ACE level was a significant predictor of hospitalization with a protective effect in both unadjusted and adjusted results. Hispanics/Latinx had a four times higher likelihood of ICU admission compared to all others, and age was significantly associated with 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show that even after adjusting for age, race, and sex, ACE levels remained a predictor of hospitalization. ACE/ACE2 phenotypes and genotypes potentially play an important role in disease progression in SARS-CoV-2 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"166-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of Olive Oil and Flaxseed Oil on Blood Pressure and Inflammation in Healthy and At-Risk Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tara B McNabb, Ian Young, Rachel G Newman, Roy C Skinner, Vagner A Benedito, Janet C Tou","doi":"10.2174/0115734021337760241104063418","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021337760241104063418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adding olive oil (OO) and flaxseed oil (FLO) to the diet has been reported to improve endothelial function and reduce inflammation. However, the efficacy of supplementing OO and FLO on blood pressure (BP) in normo-, pre-, and hypertensive stage 1 adults is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to systematically review the literature on OO and FLO supplementation on BP and select inflammatory markers in healthy adults and adults at risk of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four databases, PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, and Medline (Ovid), were searched from inception until October 2023 for randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing OO and FLO supplementation in normotensive or adults at risk of hypertension. The outcomes included were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and at least one inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin6 (IL6), or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The risk of bias was assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs, publication bias visualization was performed using funnel plots, and meta-analysis was completed to generate average estimates of effects in 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen RCTs, comprising 14 studies on OO and 3 on FLO, met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis using a random-effects model reported no significant effect on SBP n=17 mean difference (MD) -0.48; 95% CI: -1.76, 0.80; p=0.65, I² =0%) and DBP (n=16, MD -0.47; 95% CI: -1.33, 0.39; p=0.65, I² =0%) or inflammatory markers, CRP (n=8, MD 0.11; 95% CI: -1.18, 0.40; p=0.98, I² =0%), IL6 (n=3, MD -0.15; 95% CI: -0.57, 0.27; p=0.87, I² =0%), and TNFα (n=3, MD-0.08; 95% CI: -0.12, -0.03; p=0.98, I² =0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Longer-duration, higher-dose, and larger-scale RCTs are needed to better understand the efficacy of OO and FLO supplementation on BP. Further insight will better inform dietary supplement use for preventing hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"141-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Hypertension in Adults of a Northern Delta Province in Vietnam.","authors":"Minh Huynh Van, Thuy Le Thi Bich, Nguyen Tran Tu, Sang Phan Van, Yen Hoang Thị Bạch, Tien Hoang Anh","doi":"10.2174/0115734021283836240522120929","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021283836240522120929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The proportion of people with hypertension is increasing, and those affected are relatively younger. Worldwide, it is estimated that people with high blood pressure are more than 1.5 billion people. In Vietnam, from 2002 to 2008, according to a national survey on hypertension and its risk factors within the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease program, the prevalence of hypertension was 25.1%. This is alarming because high blood pressure can cause serious complications, including death.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to explore the blood pressure characteristics and hypertension prevalence in adults in a northern delta province of Vietnam, and describe some risk factors in hypertensive subjects screened through the program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study collecting data from people aged 18 years or older in 10 cantons and the city of Nam Dinh from July 15th to July 31st, 2020. Using semi-automatic OMRON sphygmomanometers, sitting blood pressure was measured three times according to standardized methods specified by the Ministry of Health and two National Vascular Societies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood pressure screening of 183,632 adults included 84,438 males, which accounted for 45.98%, with an average age of 60.36 ± 13.18 years. The estimated prevalence of hypertension was 27.20% (95% CI: 27.00% - 27.41%). The older the age, the higher the rate of hypertension in both sexes; the prevalence of hypertension over 65 years was 45.36%. Hypertension grade 1 accounted for 17.14%, followed by hypertension at grade 2 at 6.69%, and grade 3 at 1.15%; notably, the percentage of prehypertension accounted for 49.64%. The percentage of treated hypertension in Nam Dinh province was 56.85%, but the percentage of uncontrolled hypertension was 85.63%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of hypertension in Nam Dinh province was relatively high (27.20%), although the number of treated patients was also high (56.85%); moreover, the proportion of uncontrolled hypertension remained extremely high (85.63%). Local campaigns and suitable interventions are required to detect hypertension in the early stages and increase awareness for treatment in the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2023 Challenges for the Management of Hypertension","authors":"K. Kario","doi":"10.2174/157340211901230309162453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/157340211901230309162453","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47934566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Risk Related to Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Nondiabetic Individuals: Increasing Visibility is Crucial.","authors":"Rodolfo Valtuille","doi":"10.2174/0115734021268893231116045914","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021268893231116045914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF), defined by different estimation formulas, has been widely studied as a predictor of proteinuria and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic patients. GHF is also an important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor and is related to allcause mortality in non-diabetic populations; however, the upper limit of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) above which it indicates the presence of GHF is weakly defined. This higher risk is as high as in the intermediate stages of CKD and is greater than the presence of diabetes or smoking and is still present in non-albuminuria patients. The original Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimation GFR formula showed lower error at higher glomerular filtration (GF) values, was the most used in population studies, and behaved as a better risk predictor. In our review (including approximately 3.6 million individuals), higher GFR values related to increased mortality risk varied from 106.6 to 113.7 ml/min, which are usually not considered risk values for standard guidelines in non-albuminuric patients. However, the lack of consensus on a GF cutoff value, as well as its variability due to sex and progressive reduction with age, affect the knowledge of this serious phenomenon in clinical practice. Although the elderly population is not exempted from the effects of GHF, the search for this phenomenon should be intensified in middle-aged populations because of their lower disease burden, where this situation may be more evident, and the possibility of reversing the consequences is greater. A population group often considered healthy includes obese people, essential hypertensives, smokers, and carriers of fatty liver, where the GHF phenomenon is frequent and is associated with CV disease, kidney disease, and higher mortality. Increasing its visibility by the medical community is essential to reduce the effects of GHF, emphasizing more frequent controls and implementing general measures that include strict control of hypertension, Na restriction, rich in vegetables diets and increased physical activity. Initiatives to confirm the beneficial effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors to treat isolated GHF would be an important breakthrough in reducing the severe consequences of this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"139-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ca²⁺/cAMP Ratio as an Inflammatory Index.","authors":"Leandro Bueno Bergantin","doi":"10.2174/1573402119666221202145753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573402119666221202145753","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":"19 1","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}