Current Hypertension Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Novelty of using Obesity Indices as Blood Pressure Predictors.","authors":"Buthaina Alkhatib, Lana M Agraib, Islam Al-Shami, Anfal Al-Dalaeen","doi":"10.2174/0115734021277171231114103758","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021277171231114103758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To study the association between selected obesity indices, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study on 491 Jordanian adults (19-65 years old). The sociodemographic data, anthropometrics, and blood pressure were measured and recorded. Obesity indices (Conicity Index (CI), Abdominal volume index (AVI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), and Weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI)) were calculated using standard validated formulas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on age, the SBP had a significant moderate correlation with BRI and AVI in all age groups. In the age group 20 to 34 years, SBP had a significantly moderate correlation with CI, and DBP had a significantly moderate correlation with BRI and AVI. In the age group 35 to 44 years, DBP had a significantly moderate correlation with CI, BRI, WWI, and AVI. For the age group 45 to 65 years, the SBP had a significantly moderate correlation with all the obesity indexes, opposite to DBP. Obesity indices explain 23.6% to 24.1% of the changeability in SBP, and one unit increase in them resulted in an increase in SBP range from 0.61 ± 0.14 to 19.88 ± 4.45. For DBP, obesity indices explained 15.9% to 16.3% of the variability in DBP, and raising them by one unit led to an increase in the DBP range from 0.27 ± 0.11 to 10.08 ± 4.83.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All the studied obesity indices impacted SBP and DBP with the highest reported effect for AVI and BRI and a lower impact for WWI. The impact of obesity indices on DBP was affected by age group.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension Management in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Mini Review.","authors":"A Kharawala, S Nagraj, S Pargaonkar, J Seo, D G Kokkinidis, S E Altin","doi":"10.2174/0115734021267004231122061712","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021267004231122061712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects over 230 million adults globally, with hypertension being one of the major risk factors for the development of PAD. Despite the high prevalence, patients with hypertension who have concomitant PAD are less likely to receive adequate therapy. Through this review, we present the current evidence underlying hypertension management in PAD, guideline-directed therapies, and areas pending further investigation. Multiple studies have shown that both high and relatively lower blood pressure levels are associated with worse health outcomes, including increased morbidity and mortality. Hence, guideline-directed recommendation involves cautious management of hypertensive patients with PAD while ensuring hypotension does not occur. Although any antihypertensive medication can be used to treat these patients, the 2017 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC), 2017 European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and 2022 Canadian guidelines favor the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) as the initial choice. Importantly, data on blood pressure targets and treatment of hypertension in PAD are limited and largely stem from sub-group studies and post-hoc analysis. Large randomized trials in patients with PAD are required in the future to delineate hypertension management in this complex patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138811923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenol-Mediated Modulation of Non-Coding RNAs: A New Therapeutic Approach for Hypertension - A Review.","authors":"Ilgiz Gareev, Ozal Beylerli, Tatiana Ilyasova, Chunlei Wang","doi":"10.2174/0115734021334958240903072642","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021334958240903072642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension (HTN) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Conventional pharmacological treatments have been effective but are often accompanied by side effects and do not address all pathological aspects of the disease. Recent advances in molecular biology have identified non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as key regulators in the pathogenesis of hypertension. These ncRNAs influence various cellular processes, such as gene expression, vascular tone, and inflammation, making them promising targets for therapeutic intervention. This review explores the potential of polyphenols, a diverse group of phytochemicals with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, in modulating ncRNA expression and function. We discuss how polyphenols, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), resveratrol, curcumin, and quercetin impact the regulation of ncRNAs, particularly focusing on their roles in reducing oxidative stress, improving endothelial function, and ameliorating vascular remodeling associated with hypertension. The review synthesizes current evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies, highlighting significant findings and the mechanisms by which polyphenols exert their effects on ncRNA-mediated pathways. Moreover, we address the challenges of translating these findings into clinical applications, including issues related to bioavailability, dosing, and the complex interactions of polyphenols with other cellular components. Future directions for research are suggested, with an emphasis on the need for comprehensive clinical trials to establish the efficacy of polyphenol-based therapies targeting ncRNAs in hypertension management. By targeting ncRNAs, polyphenols offer a novel therapeutic strategy that could enhance the treatment landscape for hypertension and potentially other cardiovascular conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"127-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronous Bilateral Brachial Blood Pressure Measurements Increased Orthostatic Hypotension Detection in the Elderly.","authors":"Jianying Zhang, Xia Gao, Benxu Ma, Lili Liu, Huanmin Gao","doi":"10.2174/0115734021269751231204114902","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021269751231204114902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common clinical sign, but its detection rate is low, and it is difficult to repeat because there is no standardized screening method available.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to establish a method for detecting blood pressure and assess whether it could increase the OH detection rate in the elderly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From May to October, 2022, 178 patients with symptomatic OH and 286 subjects with asymptomatic OH were selected. BP from the bilateral brachial artery was measured using two electronic sphygmomanometers on both arms at the same time, in the order of supine, sitting, and standing at 0-3 min. OH should meet 20/10 mmHg, standing BP minus sitting BP. The OH detection rates were calculated and compared. The symptomatic OH group was more often older, slimmer, had lower ADL scores, and contained fewer smokers (all P< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The detection rate of the symptomatic OH group using the modified method was 59.55%, which was higher than that of the routine method (34.83% vs. 59.55%, P<0.05). The detection rate using the modified method in the OH group with asymptomatic OH was 20.63%, which was higher than that of the routine method (20.63% vs. 5.59%, P< 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Synchronous measurement of bilateral brachial artery BP in supine, sitting, and standing positions increased the detection rate of OH in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Hypertension in Children.","authors":"Francesca Mainieri, Veronica Maria Tagi, Francesco Chiarelli","doi":"10.2174/0115734021305332240712103602","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021305332240712103602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension is a real problem in children. It shows a tracking behaviour, representing a key risk factor for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and end-organ failure in adulthood. However, the importance of addressing arterial hypertension in children is not limited to its risk of tracking into adulthood. Thus, early detection and management are crucial. Hypertension may be primary or due to secondary causes, and identification of this distinction is very important for the treatment setting. Importantly, the management of hypertension in children is crucial to prevent the well-known cardiovascular effects in adulthood. As demonstrated in the literature, healthy eating habits, together with regular physical activity, can have a major impact on reducing high blood pressure and preventing organ damage in children and adolescents. However, suppose these are not sufficient to treat hypertension. In that case, if patients are symptomatic and/or have additional metabolic conditions such as obesity, type diabetes mellitus, or chronic kidney disease, anti-hypertensive medication must be started. Recent guidelines have provided clear guidance on the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive crisis in pediatric age. On the other hand, there are currently few specific recommendations on the treatment of isolated nocturnal hypertension and treatment- resistant hypertension. This review aims to summarize the most recent recommendations for the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive crisis in children and the last years' knowledge and experience in treating childhood isolated nocturnal hypertension and resistant hypertension of childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"80-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational Hypertension: A Contemporary Review of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Sunita, Rahul Kaushik, Praveen Kumar Gaur, Krishan Kumar Verma","doi":"10.2174/0115734021312990241115045601","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021312990241115045601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia are frequently encountered conditions in pregnancy, often occurring around the time of delivery. Mild cases of these conditions in the near term typically result in few complications for both the mother and the newborn. However, women diagnosed with gestational hypertension or preeclampsia need careful monitoring of both maternal and fetal well-being throughout pregnancy, and those with severe symptoms should receive hospital- based management. Preeclampsia is associated with endothelial dysfunction in the mother, prolonged immunological activation, fetal development limitation, hypertension with or without proteinuria, and endothelial dysfunction after week twenty of pregnancy. Pregnancy-related hypertension raises concerns, although the main issues are related to the progression of the condition to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia and HELLP syndrome. In this review, the cross-sectional study of gestational hypertension is evaluated, and the treatment approaches are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"117-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights from the New European Society of Hypertension Guidelines Document.","authors":"Guido Grassi","doi":"10.2174/0115734021309169240508110407","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021309169240508110407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present editorial will review the main recommendations included in the recent guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension issued by the European Society of Hypertension. Emphasis will be given to some crucial issues of major relevance for current clinical practice, such as office and out-of-office blood pressure measurements, blood pressure threshold and targets, combination drugs, the position of beta-blocking drugs in the therapeutic intervention, and renal denervation.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"66-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin Therapy and Flow-Mediated Dilation: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE of Data from Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Seyyed Mostafa Arabi, Mahla Chambari, Leila Sadat Bahrami, Saeid Hadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.2174/0115734021280797240212091416","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021280797240212091416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A previous meta-analysis reported the positive effects of statin therapy on endothelial function. However, the obtained result had several limitations that necessitated updating the information in this field. Therefore, a systematic and meta-analysis review was conducted to determine whether statin therapy could improve endothelial function, as assessed by flow-- mediated dilation (FMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, SciVerse Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science were searched to identify randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the impact of statin therapy on FMD. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis to calculate the mean difference in weight. Meta- regression and subgroup analyses were used to identify sources of heterogeneity. In addition, nonlinear dose-response, quality of evidence, influence analysis, and publication bias evaluation were assessed using standard methods.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Thirty-five trials (41 arms) involving 2178 participants were included in the meta-analysis study. Statin treatment significantly improved FMD [weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.7%, 95% CI: 1.3-2.2, p < 0.001). However, significant heterogeneity was observed (I²=97.9%, p < 0.001). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that health status can contribute to heterogeneity. Non-linear dose-response analysis revealed the most significant improvement in FMD with atorvastatin at a dose of 20 mg/day and simvastatin at 80 mg/day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statin therapy significantly improved endothelial function, as assessed by FMD. These changes are clinically significant, but their use should be approached with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"90-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Phenotypes and Polymorphisms with Clinical Outcomes in SARS-CoV2 Patients with Hypertension in an Urban Emergency Department.","authors":"Heather M Prendergast, Pavitra Kotini-Shah, Ruth Pobee, Maxwell Richardson, Amer Ardati, Dawood Darbar, Shaveta Khosla","doi":"10.2174/0115734021315730240919062555","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021315730240919062555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The role of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE and ACE2) phenotypes and polymorphisms in modulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV- 2) infection in hypertensive patients remains unclear. Our objective was to determine the distribution of ACE and ACE2 receptor phenotypes by patient demographics and correlate ACE and ACE2 levels of activity with SARS-CoV-2 outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hypertensive patients treated for SARS-CoV-2 at an urban emergency department (ED) were prospectively enrolled in a cohort study between August 2020 and April 2021. Blood samples were collected during ED visits or hospitalization. Outcome measures including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and 30-day mortality were obtained from electronic health records. Multivariable logistic regression was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 150 patients enrolled, 60% were Black, 32% Hispanic/Latinx, 4% Non-Hispanic Whites, and 4% others. The mean age was 59 (+/-14) years. The rate of hospitalization was high (86%) and Hispanic/Latinx had a higher likelihood of ICU admission. Patients harboring the rs2285666 genotype TT, AA, and GC alleles were more likely to be admitted to ICU, and those with TT and AA had higher mortality. The ACE level was a significant predictor of hospitalization with a protective effect in both unadjusted and adjusted results. Hispanics/Latinx had a four times higher likelihood of ICU admission compared to all others, and age was significantly associated with 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show that even after adjusting for age, race, and sex, ACE levels remained a predictor of hospitalization. ACE/ACE2 phenotypes and genotypes potentially play an important role in disease progression in SARS-CoV-2 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"166-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of Olive Oil and Flaxseed Oil on Blood Pressure and Inflammation in Healthy and At-Risk Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tara B McNabb, Ian Young, Rachel G Newman, Roy C Skinner, Vagner A Benedito, Janet C Tou","doi":"10.2174/0115734021337760241104063418","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115734021337760241104063418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adding olive oil (OO) and flaxseed oil (FLO) to the diet has been reported to improve endothelial function and reduce inflammation. However, the efficacy of supplementing OO and FLO on blood pressure (BP) in normo-, pre-, and hypertensive stage 1 adults is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to systematically review the literature on OO and FLO supplementation on BP and select inflammatory markers in healthy adults and adults at risk of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four databases, PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, and Medline (Ovid), were searched from inception until October 2023 for randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing OO and FLO supplementation in normotensive or adults at risk of hypertension. The outcomes included were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and at least one inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin6 (IL6), or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The risk of bias was assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs, publication bias visualization was performed using funnel plots, and meta-analysis was completed to generate average estimates of effects in 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen RCTs, comprising 14 studies on OO and 3 on FLO, met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis using a random-effects model reported no significant effect on SBP n=17 mean difference (MD) -0.48; 95% CI: -1.76, 0.80; p=0.65, I² =0%) and DBP (n=16, MD -0.47; 95% CI: -1.33, 0.39; p=0.65, I² =0%) or inflammatory markers, CRP (n=8, MD 0.11; 95% CI: -1.18, 0.40; p=0.98, I² =0%), IL6 (n=3, MD -0.15; 95% CI: -0.57, 0.27; p=0.87, I² =0%), and TNFα (n=3, MD-0.08; 95% CI: -0.12, -0.03; p=0.98, I² =0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Longer-duration, higher-dose, and larger-scale RCTs are needed to better understand the efficacy of OO and FLO supplementation on BP. Further insight will better inform dietary supplement use for preventing hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":45941,"journal":{"name":"Current Hypertension Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"141-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}