Space Policy最新文献

The potential for conflict in cislunar space: Findings from a tabletop exercise 地月空间的潜在冲突：桌面演习的结果

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101700

Mariel Borowitz , James Clay Moltz , R. Lincoln Hines , Lawrence Rubin , Gregory Miller , Svetla Ben-Itzhak

{"title":"The potential for conflict in cislunar space: Findings from a tabletop exercise","authors":"Mariel Borowitz , James Clay Moltz , R. Lincoln Hines , Lawrence Rubin , Gregory Miller , Svetla Ben-Itzhak","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A number of state and non-state actors have lunar ambitions. Growing competition and a lack of internationally-agreed principles or rules governing activity in this region have raised the possibility that international activity on the Moon could result in heightened tensions or even conflict. To examine the possibility of conflict resulting from activities on the Moon, we designed a tabletop exercise (TTX) set in 2029, just five years in the future from the perspective of participants. In the exercise, countries and private entities find themselves in a hypothetical scenario involving conflicting interests in regard to a commercial “safety zone” claim. To probe these potential responses, we asked space policy<span> professionals to play the roles of specific countries in which they had expertise. Using an observational wargame approach, we were able to explore how dialogue and negotiations may proceed among partners and between potential adversaries in order to generate new observations and hypotheses. The TTX suggested a number of issues that may be of relevance to future lunar conflicts. This included include the importance of the specific entities involved in the crisis and the ordering of events; the procedural legitimacy and inclusion of all relevant parties in the process of settling the conflict; the need for relevant scientific and technical expertise; and need to address the legitimacy and appropriate role of the private sector activity on the Moon. The final game outcome was a recommendation for both non-government and UN-sponsored meetings to develop appropriate guidelines for preventing future conflicts.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

To Facebook and beyond: Government space agencies’ communication strategies in the digital age 致Facebook及其他：政府航天机构在数字时代的沟通策略

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101702

Shaked M. Ben Shoushan, Gal Yavetz

引用次数: 0

A holistic framework for classifying countries in the space sector 对空间部门国家进行分类的整体框架

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101690

Temidayo Isaiah Oniosun

引用次数: 0

Safeguarding European space sovereignty—Recommendations for operational climate services to support resilience 维护欧洲空间主权——关于支持复原力的业务气候服务的建议

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101689

Christine C.W. Nam , Romain Pilon , Laurens M. Bouwer

{"title":"Safeguarding European space sovereignty—Recommendations for operational climate services to support resilience","authors":"Christine C.W. Nam , Romain Pilon , Laurens M. Bouwer","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Europe’s space sector needs operational climate services to remain safe. Operational climate services ought to include both the regular production of high-resolution climate change projections, similar to operational weather forecasts, as well as the derivation of space-sector-specific climate impact indices. Climate projections are mainly executed within the scientific realm, while climate indices are oftentimes developed in short-lived projects. This leaves climate risk assessments of critical European space infrastructure, including the Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana, reliant on the foresight of climate scientists. The absence of comprehensive and periodic climate risk assessments for this sector could compromise Europe’s capability to launch and replenish its earth observation, navigation, and telecommunication satellites in the event of damage or destruction. The consequences can be significant, with potential impacts on European security, defence, and economic stability. In this paper we advocate for increased collaboration between climate service scientists and strategic operational managers of European space infrastructure to ensure that relevant and usable climate indices are developed through a co-design process. Climate services can help prioritize concerns and manage resources to build resilience in the space sector. Ultimately, climate-related hazards should be considered a space threat by the European Union.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Space economy of India, its impact on the rest of the economy 印度的空间经济，其对其他经济的影响

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101692

Sunil Mani , V.K. Dadhwal , C.S. Shaijumon

{"title":"Space economy of India, its impact on the rest of the economy","authors":"Sunil Mani , V.K. Dadhwal , C.S. Shaijumon","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>The space industry in India has become a crucial driver of economic growth, innovation, and social development. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), together with private enterprises, employs over 50,000 individuals, significantly contributing to job creation and economic diversification. The emergence of private space startups has led to the creation of high-skilled jobs, positively impacting local economies. Space-derived products and services have also created job opportunities in agriculture, disaster management, and urban planning, integrating </span>space technologies<span> across various industries. The economic impact of India's space sector is notable, with New Space India Limited (NSIL), ISRO's commercial arm, reporting revenues of ₹2940 crore in 2022–23. Private space startups are also attracting substantial investments, generating revenue through satellite manufacturing, launch services, and space-based applications. Key industries like telecommunications, agriculture, and navigation have benefited from satellite services, enhancing their operational efficiency and productivity. India's space initiatives have also led to advancements in disaster management, climate monitoring, and national security. Satellite communications have improved connectivity in remote and underserved areas, enabling tele-education, telemedicine, and digital financial services, thereby promoting social inclusion. As India continues to expand its space capabilities and encourage private-sector participation, the space economy is expected to have an increasingly positive impact on the broader economy, driving technological advancements, economic growth, and social progress.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101692"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The “due regard” obligation in the deployment and operation of satellite mega-constellations 卫星巨型星座部署和运行中的“适当考虑”义务

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2024.101674

Hanhui Zha, Jinyuan Su

{"title":"The “due regard” obligation in the deployment and operation of satellite mega-constellations","authors":"Hanhui Zha, Jinyuan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2024.101674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2024.101674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Satellite mega-constellations pose significant challenges to space traffic management and environmental governance. The due regard obligation under Article IX of the Outer Space Treaty, which is critical to addressing regulatory gaps, plays an important role in coordinating the activities among actors, promoting common interests, and adapting to technological advances. It presents both substantive and procedural obligations for the regulation of mega-constellations. At the substantive level, due regard entails the balancing of rights and interests in cases of unreasonable interference. Conflict may arise from mega-constellation activities with regard to the risk of orbital collisions, interference with spacecraft launches, interference with astronomy, and impacts on the space debris environment. Guided by the obligation, the State concerned should take coordinated action to avoid collisions, reserve launch windows for critical space missions, minimize impacts on astronomy, and enhance space debris mitigation measures. At the procedural level, due regard requires cooperation between States in the form of impact assessment, notification and consultation, building trust, and maximizing the utility of resources and space. Furthermore, in order to address the challenges posed by mega-constellations, there is an urgent need to develop and improve space traffic management regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 101674"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brazilian space exports and imports 巴西航天进出口

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101688

Andrea Cabello , Michele Melo , Lucia Helena Michels , Leonardo Julio Chagas Souza

引用次数: 0

Sweden's first defence and security space strategy: Aligning with allies 瑞典的第一个国防和安全空间战略：与盟国结盟

IF 1.9 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101691

Johan Eriksson

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the role of space in European Security 20 years after. A practitioner's perspective 20年后重新审视太空在欧洲安全中的作用。实践者的视角

IF 2 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101677

Alexandros Kolovos

{"title":"Revisiting the role of space in European Security 20 years after. A practitioner's perspective","authors":"Alexandros Kolovos","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the evolving role of space within the European Union's (EU) Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP), offering a unique perspective by linking the foundational “ESDP and Space” initiative of 2002–2003 to the 2023 “EU Space Strategy for Security and Defence” (EUSSSD). The 2002–2004 period marked a turning point, with institutional cooperation and strategic vision laying the groundwork for integrating space into EU security frameworks. However, subsequent years were characterised by stagnation, missed opportunities, and fragmented approaches, particularly after the Lisbon Treaty. The 2023 EUSSSD is presented as a pivotal opportunity for the EU to reclaim its strategic momentum in space security, driven by the urgency of current geopolitical realities such as the Russia-Ukraine war. The article highlights the persistent challenges of aligning civilian and military space capabilities and overcoming structural inefficiencies that have historically impeded progress. By drawing connections between early efforts and contemporary developments, the analysis underscores the importance of cohesive action, visionary leadership, and a long-term policy to ensure the EU's competitive positioning in space security. Whether the 2023 strategy heralds a transformative “European Sputnik moment” will depend on the EU's ability to prioritise and execute its vision effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 101677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Martian diversity: A government for pluralistic communities on Mars 火星多样性：火星上多元化社区的政府

IF 2 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101687

Tanner L. Smith

{"title":"Martian diversity: A government for pluralistic communities on Mars","authors":"Tanner L. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2025.101687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A government will be necessary to handle society-wide issues in the future Martian society, such as conflict resolution, security, and the distribution of resources. Additionally, because of the difficulty in sourcing willing and able candidates to move to Mars, missions will need to be an international effort with candidates sourced globally. This article considers how a pluralistic Martian population, taken with the severe living conditions on Mars, requires a form of modified liberalism in which the personal values of the Martian population guide public policy while simultaneously limiting it. I suggest that the traits of liberalism coupled with practical limitations, both informed by the moral values common to the worldviews of the diverse population, offer a favorable medium for balancing individual protections from abuse while ensuring that necessary actions can be taken to secure community survival. Utilizing common moral values to inform both the liberties and limitations of the diverse society will help mitigate barriers to successful cooperation and ultimately heighten the chances of community survival on Mars. A practical approach to extracting the values of individuals in a diverse society is presented, and how these values might be implemented to guarantee and limit individual freedoms in a Martian society is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 101687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0