Language and Cognition最新文献_第4页

The effect of lexicalization biases on cross-situational statistical learning of novel verbs 词汇化偏差对新动词跨情境统计学习的影响

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.70

Nathan R. George, Sabina Ciaccio, Lucia Berry, Daniel J. Weiss

{"title":"The effect of lexicalization biases on cross-situational statistical learning of novel verbs","authors":"Nathan R. George, Sabina Ciaccio, Lucia Berry, Daniel J. Weiss","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.70","url":null,"abstract":"Languages vary in the mapping of relational terms onto events. For instance, English motion descriptions favor manner (how something moves) verbs over path (where something move) verbs, whereas those of other languages, like Spanish, show the opposite pattern. While these lexicalization biases are malleable, adopting a novel lexicalization pattern can be slow for second language learners. One potential mechanism for learning non-native verb mappings is cross-situational statistical learning (CSSL). However, the application of CSSL to verbs is limited and does not explicitly examine how lexicalization biases may complicate adults’ ability to resolve the referential uncertainty of multiple referents. We ask English-speaking monolingual adults to learn the mappings of ten verbs via CSSL. Verbs mapped onto either manner or path of motion, with the other event component held constant. Adults in both conditions demonstrated successful learning of novel verbs, with adults learning the manner verbs showing more consistent performance across accepting correct referents and rejecting incorrect ones. Our results are the first to demonstrate adults’ use of CSSL to acquire verb meanings that both align with and cut against native lexicalization biases and suggest a limited influence of lexicalization biases on adults’ learning in idealized CSSL conditions.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139579415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The ambiguous nature of complex semantic types: an experimental investigation 复杂语义类型的模糊性：一项实验研究

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.73

Richard Huyghe, Lucie Barque, François Delafontaine, Justine Salvadori

{"title":"The ambiguous nature of complex semantic types: an experimental investigation","authors":"Richard Huyghe, Lucie Barque, François Delafontaine, Justine Salvadori","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.73","url":null,"abstract":"Words with complex semantic types such as book are characterised by a multiplicity of interpretations that are not mutually exclusive (e.g., as a physical object and/or informational content). Their status with respect to lexical ambiguity is notoriously unclear, and it is debatable whether complex types are a particular form of polysemy (closely related to metonymy) or whether they belong to monosemy. In this study, we investigate the nature of complex types by conducting two experiments on ambiguous nouns in French. The first experiment collects speakers’ judgements about the sameness of meaning between different uses of complex-type, metonymic and monosemous words. The second experiment uses a priming paradigm and a sensicality task to investigate the online processing of complex-type words, as opposed to metonymic and monosemous words. Overall results indicate that, on a continuum of lexical ambiguity, complex types are closer to monosemy than to metonymy. The different interpretations of complex-type words are highly connected and fall under the same meaning, arguably in relation to a unique reference. These results suggest that complex types are associated with single underspecified entries in the mental lexicon. Moreover, they highlight the need for a model of lexical representations of ambiguous words that can account for the difference between complex types and metonymy.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139518160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Manner, result, and intention: implications for event typology from a cognitive account of verb semantics based on fulfilment types 方式、结果和意图：基于履行类型的动词语义认知解释对事件类型学的影响

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.72

Xinyan Kou, Jill Hohenstein

{"title":"Manner, result, and intention: implications for event typology from a cognitive account of verb semantics based on fulfilment types","authors":"Xinyan Kou, Jill Hohenstein","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.72","url":null,"abstract":"Verb semantics has been widely approached as a dichotomy of manner and result. However, from a cognitive perspective, manner and result are often linked by intention, as captured by the ‘fulfilment type’ property formulated in the Realisation event domain in Talmy’s event integration theory. The four ‘fulfilment types’ (intrinsic-, moot-, implied-, and attained-fulfilment) indicate different degrees of result certainty in verbs. This study investigates whether manner/result complementarity is cognitively less dichotomous and more nuanced, as the four fulfilment types in verbs could indicate more than two mental representations of verbs. Through two psycholinguistic experiments, we examine whether fulfilment types influence the cognitive salience of manner and result in novel verb meaning interpretation (Experiment 1) and the semantic relatedness between English verbs with different fulfilment types (Experiment 2). Our results demonstrate that manner and result in the mental lexicon act less like a dichotomy but more like a cline. This blur between manner and result verb statuses has consequences for a language’s typological stance in the Realisation domain and implications for how Talmyan event research should be extended beyond well-studied Motion.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How language influences spatial thinking, categorization of motion events, and gaze behavior: a cross-linguistic comparison 语言如何影响空间思维、运动事件分类和注视行为：跨语言比较

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.66

Efstathia Soroli

{"title":"How language influences spatial thinking, categorization of motion events, and gaze behavior: a cross-linguistic comparison","authors":"Efstathia Soroli","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.66","url":null,"abstract":"According to Talmy, in verb-framed languages (e.g., French), the core schema of an event (Path) is lexicalized, leaving the co-event (Manner) in the periphery of the sentence or optional; in satellite-framed languages (e.g., English), the core schema is jointly expressed with the co-event in construals that lexicalize Manner and express Path peripherally. Some studies suggest that such differences are only surface differences that cannot influence the cognitive processing of events, while others support that they can constrain both verbal and non-verbal processing. This study investigates whether such typological differences, together with other factors, influence visual processing and decision-making. English and French participants were tested in three eye-tracking tasks involving varied Manner–Path configurations and language to different degrees. Participants had to process a target motion event and choose the variant that looked most like the target (non-verbal categorization), then describe the events (production), and perform a similarity judgment after hearing a target sentence (verbal categorization). The results show massive cross-linguistic differences in production and additional partial language effects in visualization and similarity judgment patterns – highly dependent on the salience and nature of events and the degree of language involvement. The findings support a non-modular approach to language–thought relations and a fine-grained vision of the classic lexicalization/conflation theory.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Processing manner under high cognitive pressure: Evidence from French–English and English–French simultaneous interpreting 高认知压力下的处理方式：法英和英法同声传译的证据

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.74

Christophe Combe, Dejan Stosic

{"title":"Processing manner under high cognitive pressure: Evidence from French–English and English–French simultaneous interpreting","authors":"Christophe Combe, Dejan Stosic","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.74","url":null,"abstract":"The expression of manner has been extensively studied in the case of motion event descriptions, unveiling significant typological differences between satellite-framed and verb-framed languages and cognitive differences between speakers of these languages. However, far from being restricted to this semantic domain, the expression of manner extends to other types of event descriptions and across virtually all verb classes. In this paper, by considering all the means of expressing manner and grounding our research in a domain-independent definition of this component, we investigate the expression and the transfer of manner under high cognitive pressure as evidenced by corpus data from French–English (FE) and English–French (EF) simultaneous interpreting. Unexpectedly, both French and English displayed an overall cross-domain preference for the verbal-lexical coding of manner in event descriptions, while still differing in the degree to which it was favored. In addition, although our study does not allow a direct measure of cognitive load, the FE interpreters transfer more manner from the source to the target speeches than the EF interpreters do, despite high pressure on cognitive resources, supporting the claim that manner can be cognitively more salient and accessible for English than for French speakers, not only in the domain of motion but also at a more general level, potentially in any semantic domain.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The semantic content of concrete, abstract, specific, and generic concepts 具体概念、抽象概念、特定概念和一般概念的语义内容

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.64

Caterina Villani, Adele Loia, Marianna M. Bolognesi

{"title":"The semantic content of concrete, abstract, specific, and generic concepts","authors":"Caterina Villani, Adele Loia, Marianna M. Bolognesi","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.64","url":null,"abstract":"ion processes involve two variables that are often confused with one another: concreteness (banana versus belief) and specificity (chair versus furniture or Buddhism versus religion). Researchers are investigating the relationship between them, but many questions remain open, such as: What type of semantics characterizes words with varying degrees of concreteness and specificity? We tackle this topic through an in-depth semantic analysis of 1049 Italian words for which human-generated concreteness and specificity ratings are available. Our findings show that (as expected) the semantics of concrete and abstract concepts differs, but most interestingly when specificity is considered, the variance in concreteness ratings explained by semantic types increases substantially, suggesting the need to carefully control word specificity in future research. For instance, mathematical concepts (phase) are on average abstract and generic, while behavioral qualities (arrogant) are on average abstract but specific. Moreover, through cluster analyses based on concreteness and specificity ratings, we observe the bottom-up emergence of four subgroups of semantically coherent words. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence and theoretical insight into the interplay of concreteness and specificity in shaping semantic categorization.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What makes an awfully good oxymoron? 怎样才算得上完美的矛盾修辞？

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.68

Marianna M. Bolognesi, Claudia Roberta Combei, Marta La Pietra, Francesca Masini

{"title":"What makes an awfully good oxymoron?","authors":"Marianna M. Bolognesi, Claudia Roberta Combei, Marta La Pietra, Francesca Masini","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.68","url":null,"abstract":"Oxymorons combine two opposite terms in a paradoxical manner. They are closely intertwined with antonymy, since the union of antonymous items creates the paradoxical effect of the oxymoron and generates a new meaning. Compared to other forms of figurative language, oxymorons are largely underinvestigated. We explored what makes good oxymorons through a crowdsourcing task in which we asked participants to judge the acceptability, comprehensibility, effectiveness/aptness, commonness, pleasantness, and humoristic connotation of Italian adjective–noun oxymorons. We hypothesized that oxymorons featuring morphologically related antonyms (felice infelicità ‘happy unhappiness’) may be perceived to be better than oxymorons featuring morphologically unrelated antonyms (felice tristezza ‘happy sadness’) and that oxymorons constructed by complementaries (esatta inesattezza ‘exact inexactness’) may be perceived to be better than oxymorons constructed by contraries (bella bruttezza ‘beautiful ugliness’). The results confirmed only partially our hypotheses: oxymorons with complementaries were perceived as more acceptable, comprehensible, effective/apt, common, whereas no strong trend was found for the other two dimensions. Surprisingly, our analyses revealed that oxymoronic constructions containing morphologically unrelated words were perceived as more acceptable, comprehensible, effective/apt, common, pleasant, contradicting our initial expectations.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"256 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual differences in structural priming in bilingual and monolingual children: the influence of perspective-taking 双语和单语儿童结构引物的个体差异：透视法的影响

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.71

Joyce L. van Zwet, Sharon Unsworth

引用次数: 0

Neurological evidence for the context-independent multisensorial semantics of ideophones in Pastaza Kichwa: an fNIRS study in the Ecuadorian Amazon Pastaza Kichwa 语表意音的多感官语义与语境无关的神经学证据：厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区的 fNIRS 研究

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.55

Dan P. Dewey, Jeffrey J. Green, Janis Nuckolls, Auna Nygaard, Todd D. Swanson

{"title":"Neurological evidence for the context-independent multisensorial semantics of ideophones in Pastaza Kichwa: an fNIRS study in the Ecuadorian Amazon","authors":"Dan P. Dewey, Jeffrey J. Green, Janis Nuckolls, Auna Nygaard, Todd D. Swanson","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.55","url":null,"abstract":"Ideophones – imitative words using the stream of speech to simulate/depict the rise and fall of sensory perceptions and emotions and temporal experiences of completiveness, instantaneousness, and repetitiveness – have been characterized as semantically empty and context-dependent. The research reported here tested a simple schematic for the semantic categories of Pastaza Kichwa ideophones by tracking neurological responses to ideophones categorized as VISUAL, MOTION, and SOUND. Seventeen native speakers of Pastaza Kichwa listened to audio clips of ideophones extracted from sentential contexts. Subjects’ neural activity was assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Results demonstrate that these posited semantic categories activate areas of the brain associated with visualization, motion, and sound processing and production, respectively. This suggests that these ideophones convey semantic information related to these concepts, independent of context. This contrasts with what would be expected by theories suggesting that ideophones on their own are semantically empty. The data give rise to questions regarding whether any language contains only sound ideophones that do not carry additional sensory information and whether ideophones in previous studies treated strictly as sound ideophones might require greater specification of their semantics, specifically from a multisensorial perspective.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139470537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feedback quality and divided attention: exploring commentaries on alignment in task-oriented dialogue 反馈质量和注意力分散：探索任务导向对话中关于一致性的评论

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.65

Ludivine Crible, Greta Gandolfi, Martin J. Pickering

{"title":"Feedback quality and divided attention: exploring commentaries on alignment in task-oriented dialogue","authors":"Ludivine Crible, Greta Gandolfi, Martin J. Pickering","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.65","url":null,"abstract":"While studies have shown the importance of listener feedback in dialogue, we still know little about the factors that impact its quality. Feedback can indicate either that the addressee is aligning with the speaker (i.e. ‘positive’ feedback) or that there is some communicative trouble (i.e. ‘negative’ feedback). This study provides an in-depth account of listener feedback in task-oriented dialogue (a director–matcher game), where positive and negative feedback is produced, thus expressing both alignment and misalignment. By manipulating the listener’s cognitive load through a secondary mental task, we measure the effect of divided attention on the quantity and quality of feedback. Our quantitative analysis shows that performance and feedback quantity remain stable across cognitive load conditions, but that the timing and novelty of feedback vary: turns are produced after longer pauses when attention is divided between two speech-focused tasks, and they are more economical (i.e. include more other-repetitions) when unrelated words need to be retained in memory. These findings confirm that cognitive load impacts the quality of listener feedback. Finally, we found that positive feedback is more often generic and shorter than negative feedback and that its proportion increases over time.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139422907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0