Language and Cognition最新文献

Multimodal training on L2 Japanese pitch accent: learning outcomes, neural correlates and subjective assessments 针对 L2 日语音调口音的多模态训练：学习成果、神经相关性和主观评估

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.24

Yukari Hirata, Erica Friedman, Caroline Kaicher, Spencer D. Kelly

{"title":"Multimodal training on L2 Japanese pitch accent: learning outcomes, neural correlates and subjective assessments","authors":"Yukari Hirata, Erica Friedman, Caroline Kaicher, Spencer D. Kelly","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.24","url":null,"abstract":"Japanese pitch accent is phonemic, making it crucial for second-language learners to acquire. Building on theories of multimodal learning, the present study explored how auditory, visual and gestural training of Japanese pitch accent affected behavioral, neural and meta-cognitive aspects of pitch perception across two experiments. Experiment 1 used a between-subjects pre/posttest design to train native English speakers to perceive Japanese pitch accents in one of the following three conditions: (1) baseline (audio + flat notation), (2) pitch height notation (audio + notation mimicking pitch height) and (3) pitch height notation + a left-hand gesture (L-gesture) (to engage the contralateral right hemisphere specialized for suprasegmental pitch processing). Our results indicated that (2) pitch height notation training was most robust in its benefits, as participants in this condition improved on trained and novel words alike. Experiment 2 used a within-subjects design to extend Experiment 1 in three ways: adding a right-hand gesture (R-gesture) condition (to engage more segmental language areas in the left hemisphere), introducing a neural correlate of cognitive load (measured by EEG alpha and theta power) and performing a metacognitive subjective assessment of learning (e.g., ‘Which training did you find the most helpful?’). The results showed that although there were no differences among our four training conditions on learning outcomes or EEG power, participants made the most positive subjective evaluations about pitch height notation and R-gesture training. Together, the results suggest that there may be a ‘just right’ amount of multimodal instruction to boost learning and increase engagement during foreign language pitch instruction.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Head metonymies and metaphors in Jordanian and Tunisian Arabic: an extended conceptual metaphor theory perspective 约旦语和突尼斯阿拉伯语中的头隐语和隐喻：概念隐喻理论的扩展视角

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.31

Aseel Zibin, Abdel Rahman Mitib Altakhaineh, Ola Musmar

{"title":"Head metonymies and metaphors in Jordanian and Tunisian Arabic: an extended conceptual metaphor theory perspective","authors":"Aseel Zibin, Abdel Rahman Mitib Altakhaineh, Ola Musmar","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.31","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explore the target concepts of metonymical and metaphorical uses of ‘head’ in Jordanian Arabic (JA) compared to those used in Tunisian Arabic (TA). Extended conceptual metaphor theory (ECMT) as envisaged by Kövecses (2020, Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 18, 112–-130) is adopted as the theoretical framework. Data analysis reveals that through metonymic metaphors, the head in JA is used to profile character traits, mental faculty, cultural values and emotions. The head in JA is also capitalized upon to provide explanations of several daily life experiences. The primacy of head in JA was clear in the informants’ comprehension of the means by which embodiment provides the grounding for cognition, perception and language, which supports Gibbs’ (2014, The Bloomsbury companion to cognitive linguistics, pp. 167–184) ‘embodied metaphorical imagination’. Similarities in the cultural model of head between the two dialects were found, yet differences were also detected. In contrast to TA, the head is more productive in JA in profiling character traits and emotions. These differences were attributed to the existence of a cultural filter that has the ability to function between two cultures that belong to one matrix Arab culture and differences in experiential focus between the two examined speech communities.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facial expressions in different communication settings: A case of whispering and speaking with a face mask in Farsi 不同交流环境中的面部表情：用波斯语窃窃私语和戴着口罩说话的案例

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.21

Nasim Mahdinazhad Sardhaei, Marzena Żygis, Hamid Sharifzadeh

{"title":"Facial expressions in different communication settings: A case of whispering and speaking with a face mask in Farsi","authors":"Nasim Mahdinazhad Sardhaei, Marzena Żygis, Hamid Sharifzadeh","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.21","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the importance of orofacial gestures and acoustic cues to execute prosodic patterns under different communicative settings in Farsi. Given that Farsi lacks morpho-syntactic markers for polar questions, we aim to determine whether specific facial movements accompany the prosodic correlates of questionhood in Farsi under conditions of degraded information, that is, whispering and wearing face masks. We hypothesise speakers will employ the most pronounced facial expressions when whispering questions with a face mask to compensate for the absence of F0, reduced intensity and lower face invisibility. To this end, we conducted an experiment with 10 Persian speakers producing 10 pairs of statements and questions in normal and whispered speech modes with and without face masks. Our results provide support to our hypotheses that speakers will intensify their orofacial expressions when confronted with marked conditions. We interpreted our results in terms of the ‘hand in hand’ and ‘trade-off’ hypothesis. In whispered speech, the parallel realisation of longer word duration and orofacial expressions may be a compensatory mechanism for the limited options to convey intonation. Also, the lower face coverage is mutually compensated for by word duration and intensified upper facial expressions, all of which in turn support the trade-off hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of emotional prosody and referent characteristics on novel noun learning 情感拟声词和指代特征对新名词学习的影响

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.28

Melissa K. Jungers, Julie M. Hupp, Jarrett A. Rardon, Samantha A. McDonald, Yujin Song

{"title":"The effect of emotional prosody and referent characteristics on novel noun learning","authors":"Melissa K. Jungers, Julie M. Hupp, Jarrett A. Rardon, Samantha A. McDonald, Yujin Song","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.28","url":null,"abstract":"Prosody includes the pitch, timing and loudness in speech, which can convey meaning and emotion. This study examines whether prosodic categories affect novel noun learning and whether the referent characteristic influence learning. Previous research showed that emotional prosody interfered with adults’ noun learning (West et al., 2017), but it had no effect on children (West et al., 2022). However, these researchers varied their method across ages, including animacy and complexity of the referent, and it is unclear if the results extend beyond the three emotional prosodies tested. Participants in the current set of studies heard novel words presented in five prosodic categories (within-subject) in order to learn the label for either animate or inanimate objects (between-subject). Study 1 compared inanimate objects and aliens, with better noun learning performance for inanimate objects. Study 2 compared inanimate objects with the same objects with faces added, but there was no difference in noun learning by object type. Both studies showed differences in noun learning by the prosodic category, with warning less accurate than naming. These results demonstrate how extralinguistic factors like prosody, attention and referent complexity influence noun learning.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inherent linguistic preference outcompetes incidental alignment in cooperative partner choice 在选择合作对象时，固有的语言偏好胜过偶然的排列组合

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.27

Theresa Matzinger, Marek Placiński, Adam Gutowski, Mariusz Lewandowski, Przemysław Żywiczyński, Sławomir Wacewicz

{"title":"Inherent linguistic preference outcompetes incidental alignment in cooperative partner choice","authors":"Theresa Matzinger, Marek Placiński, Adam Gutowski, Mariusz Lewandowski, Przemysław Żywiczyński, Sławomir Wacewicz","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.27","url":null,"abstract":"An important quality to assess in others is their cooperativeness. We hypothesized that people use linguistic markers in their partners’ speech as a proxy of their cooperativeness in other tasks: specifically, we predicted that participants would prefer syntactically similar conversation partners as cooperation partners in a monetary game. We found that, indeed, participants preferably selected syntactically similar conversation partners as cooperation partners, but only when the participants could communicate using their naturally preferred constructions. In contrast, when participants were forced to communicate using dispreferred constructions, they rather cooperated with those partners that matched their natural preference than with those that matched their overt linguistic use. This pattern of results was likely driven by participants valuing representational alignment (i.e., being aligned on both linguistic features and their mental representations) more than incidental behavioral alignment (i.e., superficial convergence on similar linguistic features during interaction). This is because representational alignment is a potential indicator of group membership and may be associated with in-group benefits such as reputation, reciprocity and normative behavior. Those benefits may outweigh the benefits of simple behavioral alignment, which could be a potential indicator of others’ willingness to cooperate. This has important implications for communication in intercultural settings where members of diverse linguistic groups negotiate cooperative actions.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘This you may NNNNNNEVER have heard before’: initial lengthening of accented negative items as vocal-entangled gestures 这你可能从来没听过"：作为声带纠缠手势的重音阴性词的初始拉长

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.26

Simon Harrison

{"title":"‘This you may NNNNNNEVER have heard before’: initial lengthening of accented negative items as vocal-entangled gestures","authors":"Simon Harrison","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.26","url":null,"abstract":"Movement scientists have proposed to ground the relation between prosody and gesture in ‘vocal-entangled gestures’, defined as biomechanical linkages between upper limb movement and the respiratory–vocal system. Focusing on spoken language negation, this article identifies an acoustic profile with which gesture is plausibly entangled, specifically linking the articulatory behaviour of onset consonant lengthening with forelimb gesture preparation and facial deformation. This phenomenon was discovered in a video corpus of accented negative utterances from English-language televised dialogues. Eight target examples were selected and examined using visualization software to analyse the correspondence of gesture phase structures (preparation, stroke, holds) with the negation word’s acoustic signal (duration, pitch and intensity). The results show that as syllable–onset consonant lengthens (voiced alveolar /n/ = 300 ms on average) with pitch and intensity increasing (e.g. ‘NNNNNNEVER’), the speaker’s humerus is rotating with palm pronating/adducing while his or her face is distorting. Different facial distortions, furthermore, were found to be entangled with different post-onset phonetic profiles (e.g. vowel rounding). These findings illustrate whole-bodily dynamics and multiscalarity as key theoretical proposals within ecological and enactive approaches to language. Bringing multimodal and entangled treatments of utterances into conversation has important implications for gesture studies.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of age of first exposure on L2 contextual lexical semantic learning: an ERP investigation 首次接触的年龄对 L2 语境词汇语义学习的影响：ERP 研究

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.29

Shuang Xu, Hailing Wang, Shouxin Li, Guang Ouyang

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of English gratitude expression: a corpus-assisted analysis of UK government COVID-19 briefings 英语感恩表达的动态：对英国政府 COVID-19 简报的语料库辅助分析

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.25

Jilan Wei, M. Lynne Murphy

引用次数: 0

Developments in event conceptualisation and event integration in language and mind 语言和思维中事件概念化和事件整合的发展