Language and Cognition最新文献_第3页

Word-object and action-object learning in a unimodal context during early childhood 幼儿期单模态语境下的词-物和动-物学习

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.7

Sarah Eiteljoerge, Birgit Elsner, Nivedita Mani

{"title":"Word-object and action-object learning in a unimodal context during early childhood","authors":"Sarah Eiteljoerge, Birgit Elsner, Nivedita Mani","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.7","url":null,"abstract":"Word-object and action-object learning in children aged 30 to 48 months appears to develop at a similar time scale and adheres to similar attentional constraints. However, children below 36 months show different patterns of learning word-object and action-object associations when this information is presented in a bimodal context (Eiteljoerge et al., 2019b). Here, we investigated 12- and 24-month-olds’ word-object and action-object learning when this information is presented in a unimodal context. Forty 12- and 24-month-olds were presented with two novel objects that were either first associated with a novel label (word learning task) and then later with a novel action (action learning task) or vice versa. In subsequent yoked test phases, children either heard one of the novel labels or saw a hand performing one of the actions presented with the two objects on screen while we measured their target looking. Generalized linear mixed models indicate that 12-month-olds learned action-object associations but not word-object associations and 24-month-olds learned neither word- nor action-object associations. These results extend previous findings (Eiteljoerge et al., 2019b) and, together, suggest that children appear to learn action-object associations early in development while struggling with learning word-object associations in certain contexts until 2 years of age.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Language and executive function relationships in the real world: insights from deafness 真实世界中的语言与执行功能关系：从耳聋中获得的启示

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.10

Mario Figueroa, Nicola Botting, Gary Morgan

引用次数: 0

The influences of narrative perspective shift and scene detail on narrative semantic processing 叙事视角转换和场景细节对叙事语义加工的影响

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.9

Jian Jin, Siyun Liu

{"title":"The influences of narrative perspective shift and scene detail on narrative semantic processing","authors":"Jian Jin, Siyun Liu","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.9","url":null,"abstract":"The embodied view of semantic processing holds that readers achieve reading comprehension through mental simulation of the objects and events described in the narrative. However, it remains unclear whether and how the encoding of linguistic factors in narrative descriptions impacts narrative semantic processing. This study aims to explore this issue under the narrative context with and without perspective shift, which is an important and common linguistic factor in narratives. A sentence-picture verification paradigm combined with eye-tracking measures was used to explore the issue. The results showed that (1) the inter-role perspective shift made the participants’ to evenly allocate their first fixation to different elements in the scene following the new perspective; (2) the internal–external perspective shift increased the participants’ total fixation count when they read the sentence with the perspective shift; (3) the scene detail depicted in the picture did not influence the process of narrative semantic processing. These results suggest that perspective shift can disrupt the coherence of situation model and increase the cognitive load of readers during reading. Moreover, scene detail could not be constructed by readers in natural narrative reading.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140149465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of consciousness in Chinese nominal metaphor processing: a psychophysical approach 意识在汉语名词隐喻加工中的作用：一种心理物理学方法

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.67

Kaiwen Cheng, Yu Chen, Hongmei Yan, Ling Wang

{"title":"The role of consciousness in Chinese nominal metaphor processing: a psychophysical approach","authors":"Kaiwen Cheng, Yu Chen, Hongmei Yan, Ling Wang","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2023.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2023.67","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) holds that most conceptual metaphors are processed unconsciously. However, whether multiple words can be integrated into a holistic metaphoric sentence without consciousness remains controversial in cognitive science and psychology. This study aims to investigate the role of consciousness in processing Chinese nominal metaphoric sentences ‘A是B’ (A is[like] B) with a psychophysical experimental paradigm referred to as breaking continuous flash suppression (b-CFS). We manipulated sentence types (metaphoric, literal and anomalous) and word forms (upright, inverted) in a two-staged experiment (CFS and non-CFS). No difference was found in the breakthrough times among all three types of sentences in the CFS stage, while literal sentences were detected more slowly than either metaphoric or anomalous sentences in the non-CFS stage. The results suggest that the integration of multiple words may not succeed without the participation of consciousness, let alone metaphoric processing. These findings may redefine ‘unconscious’ in CMT as ‘preconscious’ and support the indirect access view regarding how the metaphoric meaning is processed in the brain.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140149913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prosody of focus in Turkish Sign Language 土耳其手语中的重点拟声

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.4

Serpil Karabüklü, Aslı Gürer

引用次数: 0

Contrasting the semantic space of ‘shame’ and ‘guilt’ in English and Japanese 对比英语和日语中 "羞愧 "和 "内疚 "的语义空间

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.6

Eugenia Diegoli, Emily Öhman

{"title":"Contrasting the semantic space of ‘shame’ and ‘guilt’ in English and Japanese","authors":"Eugenia Diegoli, Emily Öhman","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.6","url":null,"abstract":"This article sheds light on the significant yet nuanced roles of shame and guilt in influencing moral behaviour, a phenomenon that became particularly prominent during the COVID-19 pandemic with the community’s heightened desire to be seen as moral. These emotions are central to human interactions, and the question of how they are conveyed linguistically is a vast and important one. Our study contributes to this area by analysing the discourses around shame and guilt in English and Japanese online forums, focusing on the terms shame, guilt, haji (‘shame’) and zaiakukan (‘guilt’). We utilise a mix of corpus-based methods and natural language processing tools, including word embeddings, to examine the contexts of these emotion terms and identify semantically similar expressions. Our findings indicate both overlaps and distinct differences in the semantic landscapes of shame and guilt within and across the two languages, highlighting nuanced ways in which these emotions are expressed and distinguished. This investigation provides insights into the complex dynamics between emotion words and the internal states they denote, suggesting avenues for further research in this linguistically rich area.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140019326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Better letter: iconicity in the manual alphabets of American Sign Language and Swedish Sign Language 更好的字母：美国手语和瑞典手语手动字母的图标性

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.5

Carl Börstell

{"title":"Better letter: iconicity in the manual alphabets of American Sign Language and Swedish Sign Language","authors":"Carl Börstell","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"While iconicity has sometimes been defined as meaning transparency, it is better defined as a subjective phenomenon bound to an individual’s perception and influenced by their previous language experience. In this article, I investigate the subjective nature of iconicity through an experiment in which 72 deaf, hard-of-hearing and hearing (signing and non-signing) participants rate the iconicity of individual letters of the American Sign Language (ASL) and Swedish Sign Language (STS) manual alphabets. It is shown that L1 signers of ASL and STS rate their own (L1) manual alphabet as more iconic than the foreign one. Hearing L2 signers of ASL and STS exhibit the same pattern as L1 signers, showing an iconic preference for their own (L2) manual alphabet. In comparison, hearing non-signers show no general iconic preference for either manual alphabet. Across all groups, some letters are consistently rated as more iconic in one sign language than the other, illustrating general iconic preferences. Overall, the results align with earlier findings from sign language linguistics that point to language experience affecting iconicity ratings and that one’s own signs are rated as more iconic than foreign signs with the same meaning, even if similar iconic mappings are used.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140019524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Backchannel behavior is idiosyncratic 反向渠道行为具有特异性

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.1

Peter Blomsma, Julija Vaitonyté, Gabriel Skantze, Marc Swerts

{"title":"Backchannel behavior is idiosyncratic","authors":"Peter Blomsma, Julija Vaitonyté, Gabriel Skantze, Marc Swerts","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In spoken conversations, speakers and their addressees constantly seek and provide different forms of audiovisual feedback, also known as backchannels, which include nodding, vocalizations and facial expressions. It has previously been shown that addressees backchannel at specific points during an interaction, namely after a speaker provided a cue to elicit feedback from the addressee. However, addressees may differ in the frequency and type of feedback that they provide, and likewise, speakers may vary the type of cues they generate to signal the backchannel opportunity points (BOPs). Research on the extent to which backchanneling is idiosyncratic is scant. In this article, we quantify and analyze the variability in feedback behavior of 14 addressees who all interacted with the same speaker stimulus. We conducted this research by means of a previously developed experimental paradigm that generates spontaneous interactions in a controlled manner. Our results show that (1) backchanneling behavior varies between listeners (some addressees are more active than others) and (2) backchanneling behavior varies between BOPs (some points trigger more responses than others). We discuss the relevance of these results for models of human–human and human–machine interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139921497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of word and beat priming on Mandarin lexical stress recognition: an event-related potential study 词语和节拍引物对普通话词汇重音识别的影响：一项事件相关电位研究

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.75

Wenjing Yu, Yu-Fu Chien, Bing Wang, Jianjun Zhao, Weijun Li

引用次数: 0

Does word knowledge account for the effect of world knowledge on pronoun interpretation? 词汇知识是否能解释世界知识对代词解释的影响？

IF 1.8 3区心理学

Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2024.2

Cameron R. Jones, Benjamin Bergen

{"title":"Does word knowledge account for the effect of world knowledge on pronoun interpretation?","authors":"Cameron R. Jones, Benjamin Bergen","doi":"10.1017/langcog.2024.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2024.2","url":null,"abstract":"To what extent can statistical language knowledge account for the effects of world knowledge in language comprehension? We address this question by focusing on a core aspect of language understanding: pronoun resolution. While existing studies suggest that comprehenders use world knowledge to resolve pronouns, the distributional hypothesis and its operationalization in large language models (LLMs) provide an alternative account of how purely linguistic information could drive apparent world knowledge effects. We addressed these confounds in two experiments. In Experiment 1, we found a strong effect of world knowledge plausibility (measured using a norming study) on responses to comprehension questions that probed pronoun interpretation. In experiment 2, participants were slower to read continuations that contradicted world knowledge-consistent interpretations of a pronoun, implying that comprehenders deploy world knowledge spontaneously. Both effects persisted when controlling for the predictions of GPT-3, an LLM, suggesting that pronoun interpretation is at least partly driven by knowledge about the world and not the word. We propose two potential mechanisms by which knowledge-driven pronoun resolution occurs, based on validation- and expectation-driven discourse processes. The results suggest that while distributional information may capture some aspects of world knowledge, human comprehenders likely draw on other sources unavailable to LLMs.","PeriodicalId":45880,"journal":{"name":"Language and Cognition","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139751353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0