JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Methimazole-induced cholestasis initially obscured by an incidental finding of a large periampullary diverticulum: A case report with reference to the updated RUCAM of 2016","authors":"Salomon Chamay,&nbsp;Ari Alter,&nbsp;Rooshi Parikh,&nbsp;Shivam Khatri,&nbsp;Deepa Budh,&nbsp;Mitchell Spinnell","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methimazole is a commonly prescribed drug for hyperthyroidism and is generally well-tolerated, with complications occurring in less than 10% of treated patients. To our knowledge, there are approximately 30 reported cases of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) associated with the use of methimazole in the literature. DILI is a challenging diagnosis and can often mimic many forms of acute and chronic hepatitis. The pattern of liver injury can be hepatocellular, cholestatic, or mixed in nature. The R-value is a useful tool for characterizing the pattern of liver injury, while the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) aids with quantifying the likelihood of DILI. The updated version of RUCAM from 2016 was used in this report. We present a case of a 72-year-old female who developed cholestatic DILI secondary to methimazole with a calculated RUCAM score of 8, initially obscured by both imaging and endoscopic findings concerning for hepatobiliary obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Distribution of Polyps Is Different for Men and Women With Positive Stool Tests","authors":"Joseph C. Anderson,&nbsp;William M. Hisey,&nbsp;Christina M. Robinson,&nbsp;Paul J. Limburg,&nbsp;Bonny L. Kneedler,&nbsp;Lynn F. Butterly","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our goal was to inform endoscopist practice by exploring how the odds of advanced neoplasia in the right and left colon differ between men and women with and without prior positive stool tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our primary outcome was advanced lesions (advanced adenomas, advanced serrated polyps, and/or colorectal cancer) found during colonoscopy. We used logistic regression to compare adjusted outcome odds by colon location (left or right), patient sex, and screening cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stool-test+ patients had higher odds for advanced lesions than colonoscopy-only patients throughout the colon, regardless of sex. While colonoscopy-only men had significantly higher odds of advanced lesions in the right vs. left colon (OR: 1.87 [1.75–1.99]), the odds of advanced lesions in mt-sDNA+ and FIT+ men did not differ significantly by colon location. As a result, compared to colonoscopy-only men, the increase in advanced lesion odds in stool-test+ men is significantly lower in the right vs. left colon (mt-sDNA+: OR: 0.63 [0.44–0.90]; FIT+; OR: 0.50 [0.30–0.83]). In stool-test+ women there was no significant difference in the degree of increase in advanced lesion odds in the right vs. left colon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Positive stool tests are associated with increased left- and right-sided advanced polyp yield in men and women at colonoscopy. However, stool-test-positive men had a significantly higher increase of advanced lesions in the left colon, whereas we found no such differences in women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiology and Clinical Features of Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study From 2016 to 2024","authors":"Xiangchen Meng,&nbsp;Jiafei Peng,&nbsp;Hongtao Wei","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Secondary sclerosing cholangitis (SSC) is a rare progressive biliary disease. We aimed to analyze the underlying causes, treatment approaches, and prognosis of SSC in order to enhance awareness of this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with SSC in a single tertiary center in China between October 2016 and March 2024, focusing on the etiology, treatment modalities, and follow-up outcomes. Clinical outcomes were compared to patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis during the same period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 21 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 42 (interquartile range 34, 57). The primary causes of SSC included surgical injury (seven cases, 33.3%) and drug-induction (six cases, 28.6%). Eight patients (38.1%) underwent ERCP, six patients (28.6%) received PTCD, and two patients (9.5%) underwent choledochoscopic bile duct dilation or stone extraction.Median follow-up time was 13 (interquartile range 10, 35) months, during which five patients (23.8%) died and five patients (23.8%) underwent liver transplants.Comparison of patients who received biliary decompression interventions and patients who did not revealed no significant difference in prognosis (<i>p</i> = 0.45). The median time of transplant-free survival was 35 months in the SSC group compared with 67 months in the PSC group. A trend toward a worse prognosis was observed in SSC compared to PSC (<i>p</i> = 0.13).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SSC is a complex disease with varied etiologies and poor prognosis, particularly when caused by bile duct surgical trauma. Bile duct decompression like ERCP does not offer long-term survival benefits. SSC exhibited a trend towards a less favorable prognosis compared to PSC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Absolute Lymphocyte Counts and Lower Des-γ-Carboxyprothrombin Levels After Treatment Initiation Are Associated With the Clinical Efficacy of Tremelimumab Plus Durvalumab Combination Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Yuta Inoue,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Yano,&nbsp;Saeko Kushida,&nbsp;Seiya Hirohata,&nbsp;Seitetsu Yoon,&nbsp;Eiichiro Yasutomi,&nbsp;Hirotaka Hirano,&nbsp;Soo Ki Kim,&nbsp;Ryutaro Yoshida,&nbsp;Yoshihide Ueda,&nbsp;Kenji Momose,&nbsp;Hiroki Hayashi,&nbsp;Takuo Kado,&nbsp;Katsuhisa Nishi,&nbsp;Hidenori Tanaka,&nbsp;Tomomitsu Matono,&nbsp;Atsushi Yamamoto,&nbsp;Hiroshi Tei,&nbsp;Chiharu Nishioka,&nbsp;Yosuke Yagi,&nbsp;Shoji Tamura,&nbsp;Tatsuya Sakane,&nbsp;Mayumi Ehara,&nbsp;Miki Kawano,&nbsp;Jun Kitadai,&nbsp;Takanori Matsuura,&nbsp;Yuuki Shiomi,&nbsp;Shohei Komatsu,&nbsp;Takumi Fukumoto,&nbsp;Toshifumi Tada,&nbsp;Yuzo Kodama","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tremelimumab plus durvalumab (Dur/Tre) combination therapy is now a first-line systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because systemic therapy is not effective in some patients, it is clinically important to identify factors that could predict the response to treatment at an early stage. We investigated the factors associated with the response to Dur/Tre for advanced HCC in a clinical setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy patients (median age 74 years; 61 men) who received Dur/Tre between March 2023 and September 2024 were analyzed. We examined the factors associated with the treatment response, including pretreatment factors and factors early in treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median treatment duration was 77.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 28–187) days. The overall response and disease control rates were 25.8% and 58.1%, respectively. The median (IQR) progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 82 (61–133) and 415 (337–NA) days, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that higher absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and lower des-γ-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) levels were significantly associated with PFS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff value for ALC after 4 weeks of treatment in relation to clinical efficacy was 1125/mm³. A log-rank test using the Kaplan–Meier method showed that OS was significantly longer in patients with ALC above the cutoff and in patients whose DCP levels decreased after starting treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher ALC and lower DCP levels after treatment initiation were associated with the clinical efficacy of Dur/Tre for advanced HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Adult Intussusception due to Malignancy in Japanese Patients","authors":"Shogo Kitahata,&nbsp;Ayaka Nakamura,&nbsp;Yuka Kimura,&nbsp;Mai Fukumoto,&nbsp;Kana Matsuoka,&nbsp;Takuya Matsuda,&nbsp;Kazuya Murakawa,&nbsp;Taisei Murakami,&nbsp;Kei Onishi,&nbsp;Hirofumi Izumoto,&nbsp;Kozue Kanemitsu-Okada,&nbsp;Tomoe Kawamura,&nbsp;Taira Kuroda,&nbsp;Junko Matsuoka,&nbsp;Fujimasa Tada,&nbsp;Hideki Miyata,&nbsp;Atsushi Hiraoka,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Tange,&nbsp;Yasunori Yamamoto,&nbsp;Eiji Takeshita,&nbsp;Yoshiou Ikeda,&nbsp;Shinya Furukawa,&nbsp;Eiji Tsubouchi,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Ninomiya,&nbsp;Yoichi Hiasa","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult intussusception (AI) is often associated with organic diseases. However, few studies have examined the causes of AI in Japanese patients. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of AI due to malignancy in Japanese patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2013 to 2021, 54 Japanese patients with AI (≥ 20 years) diagnosed at our hospital were enrolled and divided into two groups according to the cause of AI (malignancy group, <i>n</i> = 26; other diseases group, <i>n</i> = 28). The patients' clinical characteristics were retrospectively evaluated. Patients in the malignancy group were significantly older than those in the other diseases group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The cutoff value for age as a factor associated with AI due to malignancy was 64 years (area under the curve: 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65–0.90). The frequency of chronic symptoms (&gt; 14 days) in AI due to malignancy was significantly higher than the frequencies of acute (≤ 4 days) and subacute (4–14 days) symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.010 and <i>p</i> = 0.027, respectively). The colonic type of AI was significantly more common than the small intestinal and ileocecal types in the malignancy group (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age of ≥ 64 years, chronic symptoms, and the colonic type were independently associated with AI due to malignancy (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 16.00, 95% CI 1.23–208.00; adjusted OR 32.70, 95% CI 1.50–712.00; adjusted OR 31.20, 95% CI 2.68–363.00, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Advanced age (≥ 64 years), chronic symptoms, and AI in the colon are characteristics of AI due to malignancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases in Patients Presenting with Dyspepsia—A First Report from Myanmar","authors":"Than Than Aye,&nbsp;Thiri Tin,&nbsp;Mya Thida Aye,&nbsp;Thet Mar Win,&nbsp;Aye Mya Mya Kyaw,&nbsp;Khin San Aye,&nbsp;Myint Naychi Tun","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dyspepsia is associated with a variety of benign and malignant gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the spectrum of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in patients presenting with dyspepsia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a retrospective study on consecutive patients with dyspepsia undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at the gastroenterology department of Thingangyun General Hospital, University of Medicine 2, Yangon, from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, 1650 patients were recruited retrospectively. Forty-nine patients were excluded due to incomplete data entry. There were 883 female (55%) out of 1601 patients. The mean age was 50.5 ± 15.82 years. The endoscopic findings were gastric/duodenal erosion (10.8%), erosive esophagitis (5.1%), duodenal ulcer (3.5%), gastric ulcer (4.4%), gastroesophageal varices (3.49%), esophageal cancer (0.8%), and gastric cancer (5.3%); in which early-onset gastric cancer contributed for 17.6%. Miscellaneous diagnoses were 4.2%, and findings were normal at 62.5%. Significant endoscopy findings were diagnosed in patients over 45 years of age. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection was found in 40.6% of the total study population, 52% of gastric cancers, 50% of gastric ulcers, 51.2% of duodenal ulcers, and 49.3% of gastric/duodenal erosions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant endoscopic findings in dyspeptic patients are frequent in our data. A considerable number of gastric cancer were diagnosed in patients under 45 years of age. <i>H. pylori</i> is prevalent in our dyspepsia population. The age threshold of 40–45 years for both males and females could be reasonable for the use of endoscopy in patients with dyspepsia in our population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of 1-Year Clinical Course in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Between Vietnam and Korea: A Multinational, Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Luan Minh Dang,&nbsp;Eun Soo Kim,&nbsp;Kyeong Ok Kim,&nbsp;Yoo Jin Lee,&nbsp;Hoang Huu Bui,&nbsp;Chuong Dinh Nguyen,&nbsp;Chi Thi Nguyen,&nbsp;Nam Hoai Nguyen,&nbsp;Hien Thi-Thu Nguyen,&nbsp;Nga Thi Dinh,&nbsp;Lien Thi-Phuong Nguyen,&nbsp;Khien Van Vu,&nbsp;Minh Cuong Duong","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The differences in the clinical course of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) among Asian countries remain unknown. Thus, we compared the clinical characteristics, treatment, and one-year outcomes of newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients between Vietnam and Korea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted at seven tertiary hospitals in these countries between January 2020 and January 2021. Data on demographics, diseases, treatment, and outcomes during 1 year after diagnosis were collected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 225 patients (60 from Vietnam and 165 from Korea), 140 and 85 were diagnosed with UC and CD, respectively. Severe activity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and extensive colitis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) in UC, along with complicated behavior in CD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), were more frequently observed in Vietnamese patients compared to Korean patients. The proportion of UC patients using corticosteroids (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), immunomodulators (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and biologics (<i>p</i> = 0.026) was significantly higher in Vietnam. In contrast, the proportion of UC patients using topical mesalamine (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) was significantly higher in Korea. The intervals from CD diagnosis to biologic therapy initiation (<i>p</i> = 0.04), as well as from UC diagnosis to corticosteroid (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), immunomodulator (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and biologic therapy (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) commencement, were significantly shorter in Vietnamese patients compared to Korean patients. However, the proportions of endoscopic healing and complications at 1-year follow-up did not significantly differ between the countries (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although Vietnamese IBD patients had higher baseline clinical and phenotypic severity than their Korean counterparts, no significant differences in short-term outcomes were observed, potentially reflecting the impact of the higher rate and early biologic usage in Vietnamese patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus reuteri Probiotic in the Bowel Preparation Regimen of Children Candidates for Colonoscopy","authors":"Parisa Rahmani,&nbsp;Maryam Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Pejman Rohani,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Sohouli,&nbsp;Elma Izze da Silva Magalhães","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bowel preparation can directly affect the final outcome of a colonoscopy. However, limited studies have been conducted regarding the effect of probiotics on intestinal preparation. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effect of <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> probiotics in the bowel preparation regimen of children who are candidates for colonoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Materials</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, 84 colonoscopy candidate pediatric patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into two equal groups of 42 individuals. One group of patients underwent the bisacodyl, polyethylene glycol regimen 48 h before colonoscopy, as along with a placebo. The other group was administered <i>L. reuteri</i> 10 days before colonoscopy and also received bisacodyl and polyethylene glycol 48 h before the procedure. Then, the bowel preparation of the patients was assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of patients in the placebo and probiotic groups was 94.1 ± 43.8 and 111.2 ± 48.8 months, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.10). The preparation of the left colon was not significantly different between the placebo and probiotic groups (<i>p</i> = 0.075). The effect of <i>L. reuteri</i> probiotic on the preparation of the right colon was excellent in 18 patients (42.86%) and good in 17 patients (40.47%). The preparation of the right colon was significantly different between the placebo and probiotic groups (<i>p</i> = 0.007). Based on the results, there was a significant association between the consumption of <i>L. reuteri</i> and placebo in the preparation of the transverse colon (<i>p</i> = 0.015).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Probiotic pretreatment as part of bowel preparation significantly improves visualization of the colonic mucosa during colonoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety and Depression Disorders in Vietnamese Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Clinic-Based Study","authors":"Trung Nam Phan,&nbsp;Quoc Khanh Tran,&nbsp;Xuan Long Truong,&nbsp;Thi Huyen Thuong Nguyen","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder. Growing evidence suggests a significant association between IBS and psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with IBS according to Rome IV criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study recruited 186 consecutive patients who underwent outpatient clinic visits and colonoscopy for gastrointestinal symptoms. IBS diagnosis was established using the validated Rome IV criteria. Anxiety and depression were assessed using a validated Vietnamese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of IBS patients was 49.5 ± 12.0 years, with females comprising 53.8%. IBS-M was the most prevalent subtype (39.8%), followed by IBS-C (39.2%) and IBS-D (21.0%). Using the HADS cut-off of ≥ 11 points for probable anxiety and depression, the prevalence was 21.0% and 11.8%, respectively. Expanding the criterion to a HADS of ≥ 8, indicating significant symptoms, increased the prevalence to 55.9% for anxiety and 40.8% for depression disorders. Patients with IBS-C, IBS-D, or IBS-M exhibited a significantly higher risk of depressive disorders compared to those without IBS, with odds ratios of 4.261, 7.013, and 6.585, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Additionally, men were less likely than women to experience depressive disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed a high prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders among Vietnamese patients with IBS. Those with the IBS-M or IBS-D subtypes and a greater number of gastrointestinal symptoms were more likely to experience higher levels of depression and anxiety, particularly women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Epidemiology of Ascites in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population","authors":"Ram Prasad Sinnanaidu,&nbsp;Kumaraganapathy Poobalan,&nbsp;Aswinderjeet Singh Balwan Singh,&nbsp;Kishvan Nair,&nbsp;Anushya Vijayananthan,&nbsp;Sanjiv Mahadeva","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ascites is a common condition seen by clinicians in secondary care. Data on the epidemiology of ascites in Asians is lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective case record review was performed in this large, referral institution between January 2016 and December 2019. Clinical and epidemiological data of adult (age &gt; 18 years) patients with ascites, identified from the Radiology database, were obtained from this institutions' electronic medical records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 838 patients (median age 59.77 ± 14.46 years, 56% males, ethnicity: Chinese 41.9%, Malay 34.8%, Indian 22.7%) were included in the study. Malignancy (28.9%) and liver cirrhosis (27.9%) were the most common etiology of ascites. Most of the malignant etiology of ascites were due to female-related (breast and ovarian) and gastrointestinal (colon, liver, pancreatic, bile duct) cancer. Liver cirrhosis-related ascites was mostly due to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD, 35.5%) and hepatitis B infection (20.5%). An increased age (&gt; 40 years) was associated with all causes of ascites. The etiology of ascites varied with ethnicity as follows: the most common cause of ascites was malignancy (37.6%) among ethnic Chinese, heart failure (20.5%) in ethnic Malays and chronic liver disease (43.7%) in ethnic Indians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malignancy and liver cirrhosis are the leading cause of ascites in a multi-ethnic Asian population. Demographic factors, particularly ethnicity, have a strong influence on the etiology of ascites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}