JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Reviewing Procedure With Visual Gaze Patterns on Improving Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Skills","authors":"Huy Thanh Dang,&nbsp;Fumiaki Ishibashi,&nbsp;Kosuke Okusa,&nbsp;Kentaro Mochida,&nbsp;Takao Tonishi,&nbsp;Sho Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No previous studies have reported on whether tracking and reviewing physicians' gaze patterns affect the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) training process. This study investigated differences in physicians' gaze patterns during ESD and assessed how reviewing their procedure afterward impacted ESD skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gazing points of three trainees during mucosal incision, submucosal dissection, and hemostasis were captured and recorded using the eye-tracking device. Fifteen short video clips were created from six recorded videos. Three trainees and two expert endoscopists later reviewed these video clips. Key outcomes included: (1) time spent gazing at the appropriate mucosal incision direction, (2) time spent gazing at the appropriate submucosal dissection line, and (3) time required to identify bleeding points. During video review, the trainees spent significantly more time fixating on the appropriate mucosal incision direction than during live performance (24.9 s vs. 6.4 s, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). However, this was still shorter than expert reviewers (28.4 s, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Similarly, the trainees spent more time observing the appropriate submucosal dissection line during review than in real-time (12.9 s vs. 4.8 s, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with no significant difference compared to the experts (14.6 s, <i>p</i> = 0.66). However, there was no significant difference in time to identify the bleeding point between review and real-time performance (9.3 s vs. 11.4 s, <i>p</i> = 1.00).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This pilot study suggests that video-based review with eye-tracking feedback may help trainees adopt expert-like visual strategies during ESD, potentially enhancing procedural performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compounding Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a 2024 Population-Based Study From Canterbury, New Zealand","authors":"Angela J. Forbes,&nbsp;Andrew S. Day,&nbsp;Chris M. A. Frampton,&nbsp;Richard B. Gearry","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The epidemiological patterns of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can give insights into disease etiology and health system burden. This study aimed to measure the population-based prevalence in Canterbury and consider the region's position within the 4-stage epidemiological model of IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastroenterology clinics in Canterbury were searched for patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD. Demographic and disease details (including Montreal phenotype) were extracted from individual medical records. The prevalence of IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU) was established for the total population and for age, sex, and ethnic sub-groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Altogether 4042 individuals (1 in 150 people) in Canterbury with IBD were identified. The point prevalence of IBD on 1st January 2024 was 671 (95% CI 651–692) per 100 000 persons. The prevalence of CD 386 (95% CI 370–402) was higher than UC 264 (95% CI 251–277) each per 100 000. Almost three times as many individuals had IBD in 2024, compared to a 2005 study. The majority of the cohort were New Zealand European (92.9%) followed by Māori (4.2%), Asian (2.6%) and Pacific peoples (0.3%). Older adults (65+ years) comprised 21% of the population with a prevalence of 845 (95% CI 789–904) per 100 000 persons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Canterbury has the highest reported prevalence of IBD in Oceania to date, and there is a growing proportion of older age patients. The rapid rise in cases supports the hypothesis that Canterbury is in the compounding prevalence stage of the epidemiological model of IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proctitis and Other Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Mpox Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Prakasini Satapathy,&nbsp;Abhay M. Gaidhane,&nbsp;Nasir Vadia,&nbsp;Soumya V. Menon,&nbsp;Kattela Chennakesavulu,&nbsp;Rajashree Panigrahi,&nbsp;Sanjit Sah,&nbsp;Suraj Tiwari,&nbsp;S. Govinda Rao,&nbsp;Khang Wen Goh,&nbsp;Rachana Mehta,&nbsp;Muhammed Shabil,&nbsp;Mahendra Singh,&nbsp;Ganesh Bushi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70190","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mpox, caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is primarily recognized for its dermatologic and systemic symptoms. However, emerging evidence suggests a significant prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations, particularly proctitis, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Despite the growing clinical recognition of these symptoms, their epidemiology and impact remain poorly understood. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to quantify the prevalence of GI manifestations in Mpox patients and assess their clinical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, including quantitative studies published up until October 2024 that reported GI manifestations in Mpox patients. Screening and data extraction were performed using Nested Knowledge software, and study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using R version 4.4, with heterogeneity evaluated via the <i>I</i>² statistic. Sensitivity analyses and publication bias were assessed using Doi plots and the Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 1229 records, 33 studies met the eligibility criteria, yielding a pooled prevalence of proctitis in Mpox patients at 24.75% (95% CI: 18.93%–31.04%) across 5878 participants, with high heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 94.8%). The prediction interval for proctitis ranged from 1.46% to 61.76%. The pooled prevalence of other GI manifestations was 30.45% (95% CI: 18.27%–44.14%) across 2237 participants, with significant heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 95.2%) and a prediction interval ranging from 0.00% to 85.28%. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these estimates, while publication bias was indicated by LFK index values exceeding 2.77.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis highlights the substantial burden of GI manifestations in Mpox, particularly proctitis, with considerable variability across studies. The findings underscore the need for standardized diagnostic criteria and increased clinical recognition of GI symptoms in Mpox management. Further research into the underlying pathophysiology and integrating GI symptom assessment into Mpox surveillance and treatment strategies could enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient care outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Successful Case of Endoscopic Detorsion of Gastric Volvulus and Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Placement for Gastropexy in an Elderly Patient","authors":"Jerapas Thongpiya,&nbsp;Ahmed Shukri,&nbsp;Pitchaporn Yingchoncharoen,&nbsp;Atul Ratra,&nbsp;Kanak Das","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gastric volvulus is an uncommon life-threatening condition, caused by abnormal rotation of more than 180° of the stomach along its long axis. Typical presentation includes patients &gt; 50 years old, pre-existing hiatal, diaphragmatic hernias, or previous surgery. This condition carries a high morbidity, which necessitates prompt recognition and management with surgery or endoscopy. Here, we present a successful case of endoscopic detorsion of gastric volvulus and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement for gastropexy in an elderly patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty Predicts Mortality and Procedural Performance in Patients With Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding","authors":"Ali Jaan,&nbsp;Adeena Maryyum,&nbsp;Hassam Ali,&nbsp;Umer Farooq,&nbsp;Dushyant Singh Dahiya,&nbsp;Qurat Ul Ain Muhammad,&nbsp;Fernando J. Castro","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is a common cause of hospitalization in the United States, with approximately 400 000 admissions annually and a 5%–10% mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate frailty's impact on NVUGIB outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized the 2019 National Readmission Database (NRD) to identify adult patients (≥ 18 years) admitted with a principal diagnosis of NVUGIB using ICD-10-CM codes. NVUGIB hospitalizations were stratified by frailty using the hospital frailty risk score (HFRS) of 5 or more as the cut-off for frailty. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to analyze the outcomes. STATA 14.2 was used for statistical testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 218 647 NVUGIB admissions, 99 892 (45.69%) were frail. Frail patients were older, more often female, and had higher comorbidity burdens. They showed significantly greater in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.64, 95% CI 4.94–6.44; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), acute kidney injury (5.85), respiratory failure (6.93), septic shock (40.94), hemorrhagic shock (2.64), vasopressor use (4.36), mechanical ventilation (6.04), and ICU admission (5.41). Although frail patients had higher odds of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with intervention (1.04; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), they were less likely to receive EGD within 24 h (0.75; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). They also had higher odds of rebleeding (1.18; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and radioembolization (2.69; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Length of stay increased by 2.30 days, total charges rose by $28 518, discharge to rehabilitation was more frequent (3.12; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and 30-day readmission was higher (15.24% vs. 11.43%, HR 1.16; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Frailty independently predicts worse clinical outcomes and increased resource use in NVUGIB. Recognizing frailty may improve risk stratification and guide more tailored management strategies for this high-risk population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of Spleen Index and Alkaline Phosphatase Level for Predicting Post-Liver Biopsy Bleeding","authors":"Hirohito Takeuchi,&nbsp;Katsutoshi Sugimoto,&nbsp;Tatsuya Kakegawa,&nbsp;Hiroshi Takahashi,&nbsp;Takuya Wada,&nbsp;Masakazu Abe,&nbsp;Yu Yoshimasu,&nbsp;Kazuharu Harada,&nbsp;Masataka Taguri,&nbsp;Takao Itoi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The significance of liver biopsy is increasing with an increase in chronic liver disease and gene panel testing. Although non-invasive methods such as elastography and biomarkers assess liver fibrosis, biopsy remains the definitive diagnostic gold standard. We evaluated the predictors of bleeding complications in liver biopsies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 697 patients were enrolled in this study between May 2017 and October 2022. We examined bleeding complications and procedures following liver biopsy and the liver biopsy needle size, blood test results, and spleen index to determine factors related to bleeding complications. Bleeding complications occurred in 23 patients (3.3%), including 20 cases at the liver puncture site, two instances of biliary bleeding, and one intercostal artery injury. The treatments varied and included hepatic arterial embolization (2 patients, 0.3%), blood transfusion therapy (3 patients, 0.4%), radiofrequency ablation (2 patients, 0.3%), endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (1 patient, 0.1%), and other treatments. In multivariate and ROC analyzes, a higher spleen index (Odds ratio: 1.13 [1.07–1.20], AUC: 0.74, optimal cut-off value: 16.2, sensitivity: 0.74, specificity: 0.64) and ALP level (Odds ratio: 1.00 [1.00–1.01], AUC: 0.71, optimal cut-off value: 94.5, sensitivity: 0.83, specificity: 0.49) were associated with an increased risk of bleeding. Other significant factors influencing bleeding included age, PT-INR, needle size, and Child–Pugh score.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The identified risk factors included spleen index and ALP level, particularly in relation to bleeding complications during liver biopsy. Therefore, these predictors should be considered before performing a liver biopsy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Previous Medication Self-Discontinuation Predicts the Current Adherence to 5-Aminosalicylates in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Shogo Kitahata,&nbsp;Ayaka Nakamura,&nbsp;Yuka Kimura,&nbsp;Mai Fukumoto,&nbsp;Kana Matsuoka,&nbsp;Takuya Matsuda,&nbsp;Kazuya Murakawa,&nbsp;Taisei Murakami,&nbsp;Kei Onishi,&nbsp;Hirofumi Izumoto,&nbsp;Kozue Kanemitsu-Okada,&nbsp;Tomoe Kawamura,&nbsp;Taira Kuroda,&nbsp;Junko Matsuoka,&nbsp;Fujimasa Tada,&nbsp;Hideki Miyata,&nbsp;Atsushi Hiraoka,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Tange,&nbsp;Yasunori Yamamoto,&nbsp;Eiji Takeshita,&nbsp;Yoshiou Ikeda,&nbsp;Shinya Furukawa,&nbsp;Eiji Tsubouchi,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Ninomiya,&nbsp;Yoichi Hiasa","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medication adherence is critical in 5-aminosalicylate therapy for patients with ulcerative colitis. Patients with a history of previous medication self-discontinuation may continue to have low adherence due to the influence of inappropriate disease awareness. This study aimed to determine the association between the history of previous medication self-discontinuation and current adherence to 5-aminosalicylates in patients with ulcerative colitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Japan from 2021 to 2024. A self-administered questionnaire was used in 228 patients with ulcerative colitis who were taking 5-aminosalicylates. We defined adherence as consumption of ≥ 80% of the prescribed dose. Patients with a history of previous medication self-discontinuation were defined as having discontinued medication at least once in the past by their own judgment. The current adherence rate to 5-aminosalicylates in this study was 92.9% (212/228). The proportion of patients with a history of previous medication self-discontinuation was 7.8% (18/228). History of previous medication self-discontinuation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), younger age (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and once-daily 5-aminosalicylates regimen (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were inversely associated with current adherence to 5-aminosalicylates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>History of previous medication self-discontinuation was inversely associated with current adherence to 5-aminosalicylates among patients with ulcerative colitis. The results of this study suggest that determining the history of previous medication self-discontinuation may be a valuable tool in assessing current adherence to 5-aminosalicylates, which can be cumbersome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tissue Eosinophilia on the Disease Outcome of Pediatric With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)","authors":"Arefeh Zahmatkesh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Sohouli,&nbsp;Reyhane Zojaji,&nbsp;Maryam Kazemi Aghdam,&nbsp;Pejman Rohani","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It seems that the presence of tissue eosinophils in IBD patients can provide more information to predict the prognosis and outcome of the disease, especially in children. However, there is very limited evidence in this regard. Here, we designed a retrospective study to investigate the effect of tissue eosinophils on children with IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 73 pediatric patients with IBD with a retrospective study design who underwent measurement of fecal calprotectin (FC) and colonoscopy. IBD patients with and without tissue eosinophils diagnosed according to guidelines were compared in terms of disease activity, clinical symptoms, and other clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the present study, 37 patients without and 36 patients with tissue eosinophilia were investigated. This study indicated a significant relationship between the mean eosinophil and Mayo score as the severity of the UC disease based on colonoscopy. However, the findings of the present study did not report any difference between the two groups in terms of disease severity markers and disease activity (base on pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PUCAI) for UC and the pediatric Crohn's disease activity index (PCDAI) for CD). The findings showed that the mean eosinophilia in cecum/ascending and rectum/sigmoid colon is significantly higher in pediatric IBD with tissue eosinophilia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although no significant finding was found between tissue eosinophil and disease outcomes it seems that there is a significant linear relationship between mean tissue eosinophil and Mayo score.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends in Mortality Location Among Patients With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in the USA: A Retrospective Observational Analysis of National Center for Health Statistics Mortality Data","authors":"Muhammad Ahmad Nadeem,&nbsp;Abdullah Khan,&nbsp;Ahsan Raza Raja,&nbsp;Usama Hussain Kamal,&nbsp;Abdul Rafeh Awan,&nbsp;Jibran Ikram,&nbsp;Asad Ullah,&nbsp;Marjan Khan,&nbsp;Abu Baker Sheikh,&nbsp;Amir Humza Sohail","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignancy with rising incidence and mortality in the United States. This study aimed to investigate temporal trends in the place of death among patients with ICC and assess demographic disparities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used the CDC WONDER database (2003–2020) for a retrospective study of patients who died from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma identified through death certificates. Place of death was categorized as hospice, home, inpatient, nursing home, or other. Age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated per 100 000. Temporal trends were assessed using the Mann-Kendall trend test, and associations between demographic characteristics and place of death were examined using the <i>χ</i>² test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 101 631 ICC-related deaths (AAMR: 1.61; 95% CI 1.60–1.62), the AAMR rose from 1.19 (95% CI 1.15–1.23) in 2003 to 2.04 (95% CI 2.00–2.08) in 2020. Over the study period, home was the most frequent place of death (44.6%), followed by inpatient facilities (28.4%), hospice (11.1%), and nursing homes (9.5%). Deaths at home and in hospice increased significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), while inpatient and nursing home deaths declined (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Disparities were observed across race, sex, age groups, and urbanization. Younger patients more often died in inpatient facilities, and minority racial groups were less likely to die at home or utilize hospice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ICC-related deaths in the USA nearly doubled over the study period, with a marked shift from inpatient and nursing home deaths to hospice and home. Demographic disparities in end-of-life care underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve equitable access to palliative services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Lubiprostone as an Adjunct Therapy for Bowel Preparation in Colonoscopy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Fariha Hasan,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahzil,&nbsp;Ayesha Liaquat,&nbsp;Fatima Farooqi,&nbsp;Avneet Singh,&nbsp;Alexander Garcia,&nbsp;Muhammad Yafaa Naveed Chaudhary,&nbsp;Dushyant Singh Dahiya,&nbsp;Tanay-Veer Gandhi,&nbsp;Andrew Alabd,&nbsp;Rachel Frank","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The quality of bowel preparation has a significant impact on the success of colonoscopy. Currently, osmotically balanced polyethylene glycol electrolyte (PEG-E) solutions are most commonly used for bowel preparation. Recently, lubiprostone (LBP) has been considered a potentially effective adjunct to PEG. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LBP in bowel preparation for colonoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically screened PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for RCTs on LBP as an adjunct to PEG-E for improving bowel preparation quality for colonoscopy. Statistical analysis was performed on RevMan, using a random-effects model with the generic inverse variance method to address clinical heterogeneity; results were significant at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05. Outcomes were reported as relative risks and standard errors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis included seven RCTs with 1206 patients. Adding LBP did not increase the likelihood of an excellent bowel preparation [RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.94–1.74, <i>p</i> = 0.12] or contribute to poor preparation [RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.36–1.04; <i>p</i> = 0.07]. It also did not affect procedure time [MD = −0.74, 95% CI: −2.91–1.43; <i>p</i> = 0.50], polyp detection rate [RR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.90–1.26; <i>p</i> = 0.45], or adenoma detection rate [RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.75–1.57; <i>p</i> = 0.66].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our meta-analysis found that LBP, explored as an adjunct to PEG-E solutions for bowel preparation, offers no significant additive effect on preparation quality before colonoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143950302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}