JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Intestinal Ultrasound's New Target: Idiopathic Mesenteric Vein Sclerosing Enteritis","authors":"Qianjiang Luo,&nbsp;Xiaoshan Huang,&nbsp;Zhong Zheng,&nbsp;Luhong Zhu,&nbsp;Mei Luo,&nbsp;Wenxing Zhang,&nbsp;Qinglian Zhong,&nbsp;Jian Huang,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhou,&nbsp;Jin Li,&nbsp;Wanjie Zhu","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a rare clinical entity within the non-thrombotic ischemic colitis spectrum, idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerotic colitis (IMPC) has been increasingly recognized to exhibit a pathogenic correlation with extended herbal medicine consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 48-year-old female complained of abdominal pain for over 3 years was diagnosed IMPC and concurrent <i>Entamoeba coli</i> infection. The patient underwent non-targeted pharmacotherapy, which yielded poor results. In this case, we introduced a non-invasive diagnostic tool, gastrointestinal ultrasound (GIUS), to assist in the diagnosis. Additionally, we observed this patient developed opportunistic infections of the gastrointestinal tract, a phenomenon that appears to be associated with compromised immune function and reduced microbial defense capabilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastrointestinal ultrasound was introduced to assist in diagnosis of IMPC in this case. Currently, treatment options for severe IMPC are limited, highlighting the need for further research into its mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With the Severity of Chronic Constipation Among Japanese University Students","authors":"Nhu Thi Hanh Vu,&nbsp;Huong Tu Lam,&nbsp;Shunsuke Miyauchi,&nbsp;Naoki Ishiuchi,&nbsp;Atsuo Yoshino,&nbsp;Yoshie Miyake,&nbsp;Shiro Oka,&nbsp;Yuri Okamoto,&nbsp;Duc Trong Quach,&nbsp;Shinji Tanaka,&nbsp;Toru Hiyama","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70218","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic constipation (CC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in which individuals with more severe CC significantly decrease their quality of life and often require more active medical intervention. This study aimed to identify the rate and risk factors associated with moderate-to-severe CC among Japanese university students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students diagnosed with CC according to the Rome IV criteria at Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. The online questionnaire collected data on demographics, lifestyle habits, family history of constipation, and psychological assessments via the Beck Depression Inventory, Eating Attitudes Test-26, and Bulimic Investigatory Test. CC severity was classified based on the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS), spontaneous bowel movements (SBM), and associated symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 779 CC participants, 47% were classified as having moderate-to-severe CC. Independent risk factors associated with moderate-to-severe CC included age of CC onset &lt; 18 years (OR: 1.374, 95% CI: 1.017–1.857), female sex (OR: 1.444, 95% CI: 1.058–1.969), family history of CC (OR: 1.449, 95% CI: 1.072–1.958), and sleep duration ≤ 6 h per day (OR: 1.350, 95% CI: 1.011–1.802).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moderate-to-severe CC was highly common among Japanese students with CC, and risk factors included early onset, female sex, family history of CC, and short sleep duration. These findings suggest that early diagnosis and development of management strategies may be needed to enhance the quality of life and health outcomes of affected individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Genetic Variation on Drug Response in Adult IBD: A Systematic Review","authors":"Masomeh Askari,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Baradaran Ghavami,&nbsp;Nayeralsadat Fatemi,&nbsp;Mahya Haghipanah,&nbsp;Nesa Kazemifard,&nbsp;Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei,&nbsp;Makan Cheraghpour,&nbsp;Hamid Mahdizadeh,&nbsp;Shabnam Shahrokh,&nbsp;Mehdi Totonchi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A major characterization of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is significant heterogeneity in treatment responses. Despite the increase in therapeutic agents, discovering an optimal patient-level treatment is still a major milestone. This study aims to provide a systematic review of the existing literature on the predictive biomarkers of the response to IBD treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On April 15, 2025, a literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Scopus databases, as well as a manual search. Controlled trials, case–control studies, cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies addressing predictive biomarkers for treatment response in adults with IBD were eligible for inclusion. The CASP tool was used to assess the quality of the methodologies employed in the included research. Due to a lack of information and expected heterogeneity, a qualitative study was planned instead of a quantitative one.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 7570 identified articles, 31 met the inclusion criteria. DNA markers were assessed as predictive biomarkers. The majority of studies attempted to predict the response to anti-TNF drugs. There is significant variability across studies in both the definition of response and the considered biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the moment, no biomarker provides sufficient predictive ability for clinical practice. Thus, we are still in the early stages of the quest for predictive biomarkers, and existing literature is lacking. Future studies should address the large heterogeneity among patients within prospective trials by conducting objective response evaluations. Prediction models are likely to be developed by combining multiple molecular markers from integrated omics levels and clinical characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Risk Prediction of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia Among Diabetic Patients: A Derivation and Validation Study”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>M. C. S. Wong, E. Y. M. Leung, H. H. X. Wang, and J. Huang. “Risk Prediction of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia Among Diabetic Patients: A Derivation and Validation Study,” <i>JGH Open</i> 8, no. 5 (2024): e13062, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13062.</p><p>The authors would like to correct the authorship of their paper by adding Sarah Tsz Yui Yau, who contributed to the analysis of this project, to the author list.</p><p>This update to the author list has also been made on the article directly.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Fiber Intake Enhances Clostridia Bacteria and Reduces Clinical Relapse in Patients With Clinically Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Longitudinal Study","authors":"Julajak Limsrivilai,&nbsp;Phalat Sathirawich,&nbsp;Onuma Sattayalertyanyong,&nbsp;Pornpoj Pramyothin,&nbsp;Iyarit Thaipisuttikul,&nbsp;Nonthalee Pausawasdi,&nbsp;Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya,&nbsp;Rungnapha Sarasak,&nbsp;Perapon Nitayanon,&nbsp;Phutthaphorn Phaophu,&nbsp;Nichcha Subdee,&nbsp;Sathaporn Manatsathit","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A high-fiber, low-animal-protein, and low-saturated-fat diet may modulate gut dysbiosis and benefit inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study investigated the effects of this diet on clinical relapses, fecal calprotectin, and gut microbiota in patients with clinically quiescent IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-one patients with IBD were enrolled (23 Crohn's disease and 38 ulcerative colitis). All patients were in clinical remission and had maintained unchanged treatment for at least 2 months. They were advised to increase fiber intake and decrease animal protein and saturated fat consumption. Assessments were performed at baseline, week 6, and every 12 weeks until flare or study completion at 54 weeks. Fecal calprotectin and microbiota were analyzed at baseline and upon study completion. The effect of each dietary component on outcomes was analyzed separately.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cumulative flare rate was 22.6%. Increased fiber intake was significantly associated with a lower incidence of clinical flares. Flare rates were 12.6%, 20.5%, and 46.5% in the increased, unchanged, and decreased fiber intake groups, respectively, with significant differences between the increased and decreased groups (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Fecal calprotectin, however, was not significantly different in those who increased fiber intake compared to those who did not. Microbiota analysis showed a significant increase in the Clostridia class in the increased fiber intake group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increasing dietary fiber increased Clostridia class bacteria and was associated with a longer time to flare in patients with clinically quiescent IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Link Between GERD and Hypertension: Coincidence or Causal Connection?","authors":"Maryam AlAlawi,&nbsp;Sanjiv Mahadeva","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70234","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and hypertension (HTN) are prevalent conditions that pose significant health challenges globally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The prevalence of GERD is increasing, with pooled rates varying by geographic region. Several risk factors—such as age, alcohol consumption, BMI, pregnancy, education level, marital status, and medication use—contribute to its rise. As a result, GERD is now recognized not just as a gastrointestinal disorder but as a condition with systemic implications affecting multiple body systems [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. GERD has also been observed to occur alongside metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. GERD symptoms can range from heartburn, dry cough, vomiting, hoarseness, and chest pain to difficulty swallowing, among others. This wide variety of symptoms can make diagnosis challenging or delayed, particularly because they may also indicate other gastrointestinal conditions such as eosinophilic esophagitis, functional dyspepsia, and gastroparesis [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Although lifestyle modifications and dietary changes are the primary treatments for GERD, some patients do not respond to these approaches and may require medications like antacids or proton pump inhibitors. In more severe cases, endoscopic or surgical interventions may be necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hypertension is the most significant preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and overall mortality globally [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. This is primarily due to an aging population, unhealthy diets high in salt, and insufficient physical activity. Hypertension may be discovered incidentally or, in some cases, may present with symptoms such as headaches or complications like myocardial infarction, stroke, kidney failure, and other related conditions. The growing availability of various antihypertensive medications may have played a role in stabilizing or reducing the prevalence of hypertension in recent decades.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Although previous studies indicate a potential association between GERD and hypertension, the results have been inconsistent, with some studies reporting conflicting outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hypertension was found to be linked to a 1.5-fold increased risk of developing GERD [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Considering hypertension as an inflammatory condition has prompted research into the involvement of vascular and other organ inflammation in its development. One suggested mechanism involves systemic inflammatory responses associated with GERD [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Two studies published in JGH Open have recently explored this relationship further. Bushi et al. [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;] conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between GERD and hypertension, aiming to clarify the findings of earlier studies. The evidence was derived from observational studies with varying designs, including retrospective cohort, cross-sectional, and prospective approaches; however, this may limit the ability to establish a definitive associa","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Versus Oral Iron After Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Mohamed Abuelazm,&nbsp;Ahmed Fares,&nbsp;Mohammad Adam,&nbsp;Yazan Sallam,&nbsp;Ahmed Mazen Amin,&nbsp;Hosam I. Taha,&nbsp;Mustafa Turkmani,&nbsp;Fouad Jaber","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background &amp; Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few trials have compared the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron repletion to oral repletion for patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). We aim to guide clinical decision-making and optimize treatment strategies through the findings from these studies to provide a step closer to a consensus on the most effective approach to iron supplementation for patients with GIB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) obtained from PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to April 2024. We used the fixed-effects model to report dichotomous outcomes using risk ratio (RR) and continuous outcomes using mean difference (MD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). PROSPERO ID: CRD42024542759.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three RCTs that included 254 patients were included. IV iron was significantly associated with increased complete response (RR: 1.60 with 95% CI [1.24, 2.07], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) compared to oral iron, with no significant difference between IV iron and oral iron in partial response (RR: 2.13 with 95% CI [0.60, 7.50], <i>p</i> = 0.24). IV iron was significantly associated with increased Hb concentration (MD: 1.45 g/dL with 95% CI [0.50, 2.40], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and ferritin change (MD: 220.02 μg/L with 95% CI [22.31, 417.73], <i>p</i> = 0.03) compared to oral iron. However, there was no significant difference between IV and oral iron in transferrin saturation (MD: 4.71% with 95% CI [−5.96, 15.38], <i>p</i> = 0.39).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With uncertain evidence, IV iron demonstrated increased hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations and achieved complete response rates in patients with GIB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer Patients With Concurrent Advanced Malignancies With Expected Poor Prognosis","authors":"Hiroki Takemoto,&nbsp;Hidehiko Takigawa,&nbsp;Takahiro Kotachi,&nbsp;Hajime Teshima,&nbsp;Akiyoshi Tsuboi,&nbsp;Hidenori Tanaka,&nbsp;Ken Yamashita,&nbsp;Yuji Urabe,&nbsp;Toshio Kuwai,&nbsp;Shiro Oka","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70226","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite improved outcomes for malignant tumors, evidence regarding the management of patients with multiple malignancies remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognosis of patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC) complicated by advanced malignancies in other organs with a poor prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively reviewed 3703 gastric cancer patients who underwent ESD at our hospital (2005–2022), focusing on those with advanced extra-gastric malignancies with a 5-year survival rate of &lt; 50%. ESD was performed for local tumor control based on patient preference when feasible, including lesions meeting standard, expanded, or relative indications where curative resection was unachievable. Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. Twenty-six patients met the inclusion criteria. En bloc resection was achieved in all cases (100%), with curative and non-curative resection in 16 (62%) and 10 (38%) cases, respectively. None of the 10 patients with non-curative resection exhibited lymphovascular invasion or GC recurrence. Complications included delayed bleeding, perforation, and pneumonia, each in one patient (4%), all leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and death within 30 days post-ESD. Notably, no complications were reported after 2010. Eleven patients died from advanced malignant tumors, with no GC recurrences observed during follow-up in surviving patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, no severe complications have been observed with ESD. Although ESD for local control in EGC with concurrent advanced extra-gastric malignancies may be acceptable, the risk of severe complications, including DIC, remains. Therefore, careful patient selection and thorough informed consent are essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Size–Growth Rate Relationship in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Dhanushan Gnanendran,&nbsp;Adina Olaru,&nbsp;Meetal Shah,&nbsp;Jonathan Jackson,&nbsp;Suresh V. Venkatachalapathy,&nbsp;Aloysious D. Aravinthan","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70224","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, remains a significant clinical challenge, contributing to ~800 000 deaths each year [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Surveillance is an effective strategy in managing HCC, with studies showing improved early-stage detection, curative treatment, and better survival rates with surveillance [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The HCC surveillance strategy includes an ultrasound scan (US) every 6 months, based on the shortest mean doubling time observed in growth kinetics studies conducted in the 1980s [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;], a finding that has been corroborated by more recent research [&lt;span&gt;5, 6&lt;/span&gt;]. Based on this evidence, international organizations such as the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), along with national bodies, recommend a six-monthly US for HCC surveillance [&lt;span&gt;2-7&lt;/span&gt;]. However, one issue with this recommendation is the assumption that HCC grows at a relatively predictable and constant rate. Studies show a significant variation in tumor volume doubling time, ranging from 2.2 to 11.3 months [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One factor likely to influence HCC growth rate is tumor size. Understanding the relationship between tumor size and growth rate can aid in treatment planning and prioritizing patients at risk of faster tumor progression. To explore this potential association, a prospective study was designed at a single tertiary-care centre, with approval from the Nottingham University Hospital Clinical Effectiveness Board (19-223C). All newly diagnosed HCC patients were eligible for inclusion if they had undergone at least two cross-sectional imaging studies of the same modality (CT or MRI) at different time points prior to any treatment. Patients with a prior history of HCC presenting with recurrent disease were excluded. HCC was defined as any lesion classified as Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) LR-5 on initial or subsequent cross-sectional imaging, or confirmed histologically. All cross-sectional images were independently reviewed by two hepatobiliary radiologists (M.S. and J.J.), showing excellent interobserver agreement (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.8339). The HCC growth rate was calculated by measuring the maximum diameter on initial and follow-up cross-sectional imaging, expressing the change in size over the time interval between the scans.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A total of 144 HCC lesions from 65 patients were included in the analysis. Analysis revealed a significant correlation between initial tumor size and monthly growth rate (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) = 0.526, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). When stratified by initial size, tumors with a diameter ≥ 110 mm exhibited a significantly lower median growth rate compared to tumors with a diameter &lt; 110 mm (median 1.4 [IQR 1.1–2.3] vs. 1.6 [IQR 0.8–3.0] mm/month; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tumors measuring 10–20 mm exhibited a median growth rate of 0.24 mm per month (IQR 0.12–0.58). At this ra","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post Hoc Analysis of Anxiety and Behavioral Changes in Japanese Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Relationship Between Municipal Population at the Place of Residence and Anxiety","authors":"Kohei Wagatsuma,&nbsp;Masanori Nojima,&nbsp;Takayuki Matsumoto,&nbsp;Minoru Matsuura,&nbsp;Hideki Iijima,&nbsp;Katsuyoshi Matsuoka,&nbsp;Naoki Ohmiya,&nbsp;Shunji Ishihara,&nbsp;Fumihito Hirai,&nbsp;Ken Takeuchi,&nbsp;Satoshi Tamura,&nbsp;Fukunori Kinjo,&nbsp;Nobuhiro Ueno,&nbsp;Makoto Naganuma,&nbsp;Kenji Watanabe,&nbsp;Rintaro Moroi,&nbsp;Nobuaki Nishimata,&nbsp;Satoshi Motoya,&nbsp;Koichi Kurahara,&nbsp;Sakuma Takahashi,&nbsp;Atsuo Maemoto,&nbsp;Hiroto Hiraga,&nbsp;Masayuki Saruta,&nbsp;Keiichi Tominaga,&nbsp;Takashi Hisabe,&nbsp;Hiroki Tanaka,&nbsp;Shuji Terai,&nbsp;Toshihiro Inokuchi,&nbsp;Hironobu Takedomi,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Narimatsu,&nbsp;Katsuya Endo,&nbsp;Masanao Nakamura,&nbsp;Tadakazu Hisamatsu,&nbsp;Hiroshi Nakase,&nbsp;J-DESIRE Group","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Japan COVID-19 Survey and the Questionnaire for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (J-DESIRE) identified multiple factors associated with anxiety regarding the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, no regional differences in anxiety were observed. In this post hoc analysis of J-DESIRE, we investigated the relationship between the municipal population size at the place of residence (MPSPR) and anxiety among patients with IBD in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 2958 questionnaires collected from patients with IBD aged ≥ 16 years between March 2020 and June 2021. The primary endpoint was the association between the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of anxiety and MPSPR during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mean VAS score for anxiety was higher than the overall mean VAS score in municipalities with large and small populations, while it was lower in municipalities with medium populations. Therefore, we categorized the population into three groups based on MPSPR: ≤ 150 000, 150 001–1 000 000, and ≥ 1 000 001. The three groups had different background factors, contents of anxiety, and sources of information regarding therapeutic drugs. These differences may have led to differences in the degree and content of anxiety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated the association between anxiety in Japanese patients with IBD and MPSPR nationwide during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. The results obtained in this analysis are useful not only in special situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic but also for considering regional differences in medical care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}