JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Asymptomatic Esophageal Carcinosarcoma Diagnosed Based on Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Results: A Case Report","authors":"Nobuhiro Tsukamoto,&nbsp;Kazuya Miyaguchi,&nbsp;Hisashi Matsumoto,&nbsp;Rie Shiomi,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Tsuzuki,&nbsp;Hiromichi Iwashita,&nbsp;Mei Hamada,&nbsp;Yoko Tateishi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Imaeda","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70238","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Esophageal carcinosarcoma is a rare type of esophageal cancer with a characteristic sausage shape that is often detected at an early stage; therefore, the depth of invasion is often submucosal. However, many cases of esophageal carcinosarcoma demonstrate lymphatic metastases, which require surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We describe the case of a 46-year-old female patient who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy that revealed a tumor shadow in the middle thoracic esophagus. The patient did not have symptoms such as dysphagia or chest pain. Subsequent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with ultrasound and endoscopic submucosal dissection revealed carcinoma and sarcoma components that allowed the diagnosis of esophageal carcinosarcoma. Lymph node metastases and distant metastases were not observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tumor resection of the center and base of the protruding lesion with a wide margin allows an early and correct diagnosis of typical and atypical esophageal carcinosarcoma cases. Tumor resection with a wide margin can predict metastasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This rare case was correctly diagnosed during an early and asymptomatic stage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Versus Late Dialysis in Cirrhosis Patients and Septic Shock (ELDICS Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial (NCT02937961)","authors":"Rakhi Maiwall,&nbsp;Samba Siva Rao Pasupuleti,&nbsp;Prashant Agarwal,&nbsp;Sherin Thomas,&nbsp;Harsh Vardhan Tevethia,&nbsp;Rajendra Prasad Mathur,&nbsp;Shiv Kumar Sarin","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70216","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Critically ill cirrhotics (CIC) pose a management challenge due to severe metabolic and renal impairment. The ideal timing of initiation of dialysis in acute kidney injury (AKI) in CIC is not known. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of early (ED) versus late (LD) initiation of sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) in CIC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CIC were randomized to ED (SLED initiated within 6–12 h) or the LD (where SLED was performed when the patient met absolute criteria) group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty CIC (aged 45.2 ± 10 years), 90% males, 87% alcohol-related, 72% with pneumonia admitted to liver ICU were randomized to ED or LD group. Baseline lactate (mg/dL) (2.7 ± 1.8 vs. 3.3 ± 2.1) and SOFA scores (12.9 ± 2.1 vs. 13.7 ± 4.0) were comparable. Median time to dialysis (in hours) was 7 (IQR 6–8) in ED and 24 (18–48) in LD group. Mortality at 28 days (56% vs. 76%; <i>p</i> = 0.14) was similar. A significantly lower incidence of intradialytic hypotension (IDH) (12% vs. 48%; <i>p</i> = 0.005), and better urea reduction (75% vs. 41%, <i>p</i> = 0.019), reversal of shock (60% vs. 16%; <i>p</i> = 0.001), renal functions (68% vs. 12%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and lower early deaths at Day 7 were noted in the ED (20% vs. 52%; <i>p</i> = 0.038).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Timely initiation of dialysis could avert the development or progression of metabolic complications, decrease the incidence of IDH and early deaths in CIC. A higher frequency of recovery of renal functions and reduced AKI-related mortality could be achieved by timely dialysis in CICs.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> NCT02937961</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon-Ion Radiation Therapy Compared to Surgical Resection for Primary, Solitary, Potentially Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Soichiro Morinaga,&nbsp;Shinnosuke Kawahara,&nbsp;Rei Kanemoto,&nbsp;Naohiko Matsushita,&nbsp;Yuto Kamioka,&nbsp;Mariko Kamiya,&nbsp;Masaaki Murakawa,&nbsp;Taito Fukushima,&nbsp;Satoshi Kobayashi,&nbsp;Makoto Ueno,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kato,&nbsp;Naoto Yamamoto","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70256","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT) is a promising technological innovation for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CIRT for primary, solitary, potentially resectable HCC in comparison to liver resection (LR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively compared treatment effectiveness and safety between patients treated with CIRT and those who underwent LR for potentially resectable HCC at our institution. The clinical data for the CIRT group were obtained from a prospective observational study carried out at our institution, and additional information was obtained from clinical records. Their data were compared with those of patients who underwent LR during the same period. Twenty-three patients were included in the CIRT group and 41 in the LR group. In the overall cohort, the respective 3-and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 86.5% and 65.9% for the CIRT group and 90.2% and 79.7% for the LR group. The OS rates did not significantly differ between the two groups in the propensity score-matched cohort. The 3- and 5-year local control rates after CIRT were 77.0% and 77.0%, respectively. CIRT was associated with elevated albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores 3 and 6 months after treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CIRT for primary, solitary, potentially resectable HCC was associated with favorable clinical outcomes and satisfactory safety, with an acceptable elevation of the ALBI score. CIRT might achieve a favorable OS comparable to LR for potentially resectable HCC; however, further large-scale, prospective studies are needed for confirmation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Endoscopic Features of Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor and Neuroendocrine Carcinoma From a Clinicopathological Perspective","authors":"Katsunori Matsueda,&nbsp;Noriya Uedo,&nbsp;Masanori Kitamura,&nbsp;Seiji Kawano,&nbsp;Motoyuki Otsuka","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms are a rare type of stomach cancer, classified into well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Gastric NETs (G-NETs) originate from endocrine progenitor cells in the basal layer of the mucosa, primarily in the setting of chronic atrophic gastritis, such as autoimmune gastritis. They generally exhibit low malignancy and a favorable prognosis. By contrast, gastric NECs (G-NECs), a rare subtype of gastric cancers, arise from endocrine precursor cell clones that dedifferentiate in the deep portion of pre-existing differentiated-type adenocarcinomas. G-NECs are characterized by rapid growth, frequent lymphovascular invasion, high metastatic potential, and aggressive biological behavior. Most G-NEC cases are therefore diagnosed at advanced stages, often with lymph node or distant metastases, leading to a poorer prognosis than gastric adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, endoscopic diagnosis of G-NECs remains challenging because of the low sensitivity of biopsy-based techniques. While it is well established that G-NETs and G-NECs have distinct clinicopathological characteristics, information on their endoscopic features, particularly those observed with magnifying narrow-band imaging, remains limited. This review aims to summarize the characteristic endoscopic findings of G-NETs and G-NECs in relation to their clinicopathological findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Gastric Endoscopic and Histopathological Findings in the South and Southeast Asian Populations","authors":"Mitsushige Sugimoto,&nbsp;Takeshi Matsuhisa,&nbsp;Hafeza Aftab,&nbsp;Sirikan Limpakan,&nbsp;Sunil K. Sharma Dhakal,&nbsp;Kim Sang,&nbsp;Kyaw Htet,&nbsp;Than Than Yee,&nbsp;Yoshio Yamaoka","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70242","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection rates and severity and susceptibility to gastric diseases vary widely in different populations because of different <i>H. pylori</i> strains, lifestyles, and genetic factors. South and Southeast Asia is a region where many ethnic groups are intermingled, and <i>H. pylori</i> strains have been shifting from Western-type to East Asian-type strains. We aimed to investigate the different endoscopic and histopathologic features in five South and Southeast Asian countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined differences in endoscopic and histopathological gastritis and <i>H. pylori</i> infection status in 2426 patients from South and Southeast Asian populations in Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Bangladesh, and Nepal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among Asian patients with abdominal symptoms, such as epigastric pain, nausea, abdominal discomfort, constipation, and heartburn, the prevalence of gastric disease, <i>H. pylori</i> infection status (current, past, and non-infection), and severity of histopathological gastritis significantly differed between countries. Less than 10% of patients had atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, irrespective of country and <i>H. pylori</i> infection status; their severity when present was also mild. Although patients with gastric cancer had higher rates of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia compared with those with other diseases, half of them had no pathological atrophy or intestinal metaplasia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric condition and susceptibility to gastric disease differed among South and Southeast Asian populations. <i>H. pylori</i> infection rates remain high in Asian countries, but the frequency and severity of atrophy and gastric mucosal atrophy were low.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Application Value of FASN in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Nan Li,&nbsp;Mingyue Hu,&nbsp;Qiliu Qian,&nbsp;Jun Ouyang,&nbsp;Yulin Yang,&nbsp;Yongqi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70261","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes endogenous lipogenesis in multiple diseases. However, the function and significance of FASN in colorectal cancer remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research aimed to explore the expression and role of FASN in colorectal cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer, adjacent, and normal tissues were collected from patients with colorectal cancer and healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry and scoring were applied to analyze the expression of FASN in the different tissues, to investigate the differences in its expression among different tissue types, and to examine the potential correlation between FASN and gender, age, BMI, and other factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, 100 colorectal cancer patients and 100 healthy participants were recruited. Respectively, the average scores of cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, and normal tissues were 7.25, 2, and 1.25. Significant differences were found among these three tissue groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, no significant association was observed between sex, age, BMI, and FASN expression scores in colorectal cancer tissues (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on these data, FASN was specifically overexpressed in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. Hence, our results suggest that FASN may play an essential role in colorectal cancer and may be an attractive therapeutic target in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Step-by-Step Approach to the Incidental Diagnosis of Type I Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors: Practical Insights","authors":"Laura Baldini,&nbsp;Elisabetta Dell'Unto,&nbsp;Maria Rinzivillo,&nbsp;Gianluca Esposito,&nbsp;Francesco Panzuto","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidental diagnosis of type I gastric neuroendocrine tumors (gNETs) has become increasingly frequent in clinical practice, largely due to the widespread use of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and improved recognition of these lesions. Although typically indolent, type I gNETs require accurate assessment to ensure appropriate risk stratification, management, and follow-up. This review provides a practical, evidence-based guide specifically designed for gastroenterologists and clinicians managing patients with incidentally discovered type I gNETs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Structured in a step-by-step format, the review outlines key aspects of diagnosis and management, including endoscopic recognition and differential diagnosis, histological confirmation with a focus on corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis, initial risk assessment based on tumor characteristics and patient factors, and the use of additional imaging modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound, cross-sectional imaging, and functional imaging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review emphasizes the importance of referring patients to specialized centers for multidisciplinary evaluation, a strategy shown to improve clinical outcomes and adherence to best practices. Finally, practical recommendations for long-term surveillance are provided, with clear indications tailored to individual patient risk profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By integrating current guidelines with practical insights and highlighting critical decision points, this review serves as a concise, user-friendly tool to support clinicians in optimizing the care of patients with type I gastric NETs. This stepwise approach aims to bridge the gap between complex guideline recommendations and daily clinical practice, offering actionable guidance to ensure safe, effective, and standardized management of these increasingly encountered lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Fibrosis-4 Index, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis Score, AST-To-Platelet Ratio Index, and BARD Score Among Young and Older Adults for the Diagnosis of Advanced MASLD Fibrosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Frank Lin,&nbsp;Ayah Obeid,&nbsp;Mehak Sharma,&nbsp;Parampreet Kaur,&nbsp;Kimberly Chaput,&nbsp;Hammad Liaquat","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to compare the diagnostic performance and accuracy of non-invasive fibrosis scoring tools, including the Fibrosis-4 index (Fib-4), Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis Score (NFS), AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), and BARD score among patients with biopsy-proven MASLD or MASH, to either diagnose or exclude advanced fibrosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort of patients with biopsy-proven MASLD or MASH was analyzed. Inclusion criteria for the study included patients over the age of 18, liver biopsy-proven MASLD or MASH, and availability of laboratory findings prior to the biopsy to perform calculations for the non-invasive liver fibrosis scoring tools. Patients were excluded based on a history of alcohol use and evidence of another or coexisting cause of chronic liver disease based on laboratory or pathology findings. Data were collected on patient demographics, comorbidities, and liver biopsy findings. The stage of fibrosis was determined using the Metavir Scoring System (F0–F4) categorized into mild to moderate (score: 1–2) and advanced fibrosis (score: 3–4). The statistical analysis of the four non-invasive fibrosis scoring tools in this study resulted in a higher negative predictive value for all patients, particularly in the young adult population. There was significant variability and limitations regarding sensitivity, specificity, and AUROC for all four scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study suggests that the Fib-4, NFS, APRI, and BARD scores are valuable biomarkers for excluding advanced fibrosis in patients with MASLD or MASH. These four biomarkers are precluded as confirmatory tests; thus, further research and risk stratification with other non-invasive scoring modalities or imaging are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Trends and Future Projections in the Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among Adolescents and Young Adults (15–49 Years) From 1990 to 2021","authors":"Xueyi Ren,&nbsp;Jun Xu,&nbsp;Xiaolei Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disorder with rising global incidence. Adolescents and young adults (15–49 years) bear major psychological, social, and economic burdens, yet few studies have examined their disease trends. We aimed to estimate global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of IBD in this age group and to project future burden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021, we analyzed age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs (ASIR, ASPR, ASMR and ASDR) among people aged 15–49 across 204 countries and territories. Estimated annual percentage changes, Joinpoint regression, and age-period-cohort modelling were employed to evaluate temporal patterns, while Bayesian modelling projected trends to 2050. Inequalities were evaluated using the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In 2021, global ASIR was 5.01/100,000 and ASPR was 41.56/100,000. ASMR and ASDR were 0.13/10,000 and 13.56/100,000 person-years, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, ASIR and ASPR increased slightly overall, with the most rapid rise in East Asia. ASMR and ASDR declined globally but remained highest in Western Sub-Saharan Africa. SDI was positively correlated with incidence and prevalence, and negatively with mortality. Projections to 2050 indicate continued declines in incidence and prevalence, stable DALYs, and a slight increase in mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IBD remains a significant burden in people aged 15–49. Growing incidence in East Asia and sustained mortality in disadvantaged regions highlight the need for early diagnosis, equitable care, and targeted public health strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRSS1, SPINK1 Mutations and Associated Factors in Vietnamese Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis","authors":"Tran Thi Luong Vo,&nbsp;Hoang Anh Vu,&nbsp;Chuong Quoc Ho,&nbsp;Nguyen Phuoc Ma,&nbsp;Dung Dang Quy Ho,&nbsp;Hoang Huu Bui","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mutations in the <i>PRSS1</i> and <i>SPINK1</i> genes are recognized as important risk factors for chronic pancreatitis (CP); however, their clinical relevance in Vietnamese populations remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of these mutations in Vietnamese CP patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CP was diagnosed according to the 2020 American College of Gastroenterology Clinical Guidelines. Genetic analysis was performed via Sanger DNA sequencing. One hundred sixty CP patients were included from December 2022 to June 2024 at Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam. Pathogenic mutations were identified in 64 patients (40.0%), with <i>SPINK1</i> mutations found in 36.8% and <i>PRSS1</i> mutations in 4.4%. The most frequent <i>SPINK1</i> variants were c.101A&gt;G (23.7%) and c.194+2T&gt;C (14.3%), and their prevalence was highest in idiopathic CP cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92–0.98), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.11–6.04), pancreatic duct stones (OR: 7.08; 95% CI: 2.81–20.40), and prior surgical intervention (OR: 4.14; 95% CI: 1.34–14.10) were independently associated with pathogenic mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest a high prevalence of <i>SPINK1</i> mutations, particularly c.101A&gt;G and c.194+2T&gt;C, among Vietnamese CP patients. The significant factors associated with genetic mutations were younger age, diabetes mellitus, pancreatic duct stones, and prior surgical intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}