JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Association of Kidney Stone Disease With Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Liver Disease and Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatohepatitis: A National Inpatient Sample Study","authors":"Toni Habib,&nbsp;Nadim Zaidan,&nbsp;Karim Jaber,&nbsp;Hachem Araji,&nbsp;Liliane Deeb,&nbsp;George Bonifant,&nbsp;Elie El-Charabaty,&nbsp;Suzanne El-Sayegh,&nbsp;Lama Nazzal","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While many studies have identified steatotic liver disease (SLD) as a risk factor for kidney stone disease (KSD), the impact of the severity of steatosis has not been clearly elucidated in the context of other metabolic risk factors for KSD. This cross-sectional population-based study of a large inpatient database sought to investigate the association between KSD and SLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We queried the National Inpatient Database between 2016 and 2020 to identify patients with urolithiasis as well as patients with SLD, and identify other risk factors for stone disease, such as obesity, type II diabetes, and gout using ICD10 codes. Logistic regression was computed for strength and significance of the relationship between both SLD severity levels and KSD, in univariate and multivariate regression adjusted for patient characteristics and comorbidities burden. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS Enterprise Software 9.4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Odds of being a kidney stone former were significantly higher in patients with MASLD and MASH than in patients without liver injury in the general hospitalized population. Analysis performed in a cohort of hospitalizations that included BMI identifiers showed that this association of both degrees of SLD with KSD was more pronounced than that with diabetes and gout. Finally, comparing both forms of disease severity head-to-head, MASLD was found to have a stronger association with KSD than MASH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with SLD were found to have a higher prevalence of KSD. The more pronounced association in MASLD and the lower-than-expected contribution of other conditions involving dysregulation of metabolic homeostasis such as gout or diabetes highlights the central role of SLD in KSD pathogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12441925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hookworm Infection Mimicking Early Gastric Mucosal Carcinoma: Magnifying Endoscopy Findings in Two Cases","authors":"Fengrui Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Tao,&nbsp;Junkun Niu","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hookworms primarily parasitize in the intestinal tract, and the gastric involvement is extremely rare, which often leads to misdiagnosis. We present two cases of hookworm infection that mimicked early gastric carcinoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Summary</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two patients presented with clear boundaries gastric mucosa lesions exhibiting brownish discoloration, resembling early gastric mucosal cancer. Live hookworms were identified on the gastric mucosal surface using magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging. Hookworm eggs were detected in both patients through fecal etiological evaluation. Following standard anthelmintic treatment, both the lesions and the worms resolved.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the differential diagnosis of localized well-defined gastric mucosal lesions, parasitic infections should be considered in addition to neoplastic lesions. Magnifying endoscopy plays a critical role in distinguishing gastric mucosal lesions suspicious for parasitic infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome–Acute Kidney Injury: A US Chart Review of Treatment Patterns and Survival Outcomes","authors":"Arun J. Sanyal,&nbsp;K. Rajender Reddy,&nbsp;Kimberly A. Brown,&nbsp;Charles S. Landis,&nbsp;Giuseppe Cullaro,&nbsp;Xingyue Huang,&nbsp;Sneha S. Kelkar,&nbsp;Rutika Raina,&nbsp;Shelby Corman,&nbsp;Nehemiah Kebede,&nbsp;Patrick Edmundson,&nbsp;Khurram Jamil,&nbsp;Andrew S. Allegretti","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70255","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatments for hepatorenal syndrome with acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI) that are not FDA-approved have been widely used in the United States (US) with variable outcomes. This study describes the practice patterns, outcomes, and healthcare utilization around vasopressor use before terlipressin approval in 2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective chart review study was conducted at 10 US medical centers, assessing adult patients diagnosed with HRS-AKI between 2016 and 2019. The primary outcome was treatment response (change in serum creatinine [SCr] from the day of vasopressor treatment initiation to Day 14/vasopressor discontinuation). Secondary outcomes included overall and transplant-free survival, treatment patterns, and healthcare resource use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 198 eligible patients, 129 and 69 had mild/moderate (SCr &lt; 5 mg/dL, acute-on-chronic liver failure [ACLF] ≤ 2) and severe disease (SCr ≥ 5 mg/dL, ACLF &gt; 2), respectively. The mean age was 57 years; 52.5% were males, and 71.2% were White. Alcohol-associated cirrhosis (53.5%) was the most common cause of cirrhosis. All 198 patients had a physician-diagnosed HRS-AKI, and only 30.3% met all International Club of Ascites (ICA)-HRS criteria. Most patients (85.4%) initiated treatment with midodrine and octreotide for a median of 7 days. The overall response rate (<i>n</i> = 157) was 20.3%. Median (95% CI) overall and transplant-free survival from vasopressor initiation was 48 (32–81) and 28 (19–36) days. Notably, 33.8% of patients died during hospitalization, and 31.3% required renal replacement therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Before 2022, hospitalized HRS-AKI patients experienced suboptimal treatment response with off-label treatments and poor survival. There remains an unmet need for safe and effective non-transplant treatments for hospitalized HRS-AKI patients in the United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of CO2 Angiography in the Identification of the Bleeding Source of Colonic Diverticular Hemorrhage: A Case Report","authors":"Yuya Miyake,&nbsp;Yoshiki Morihisa,&nbsp;Satoko Inoue,&nbsp;Shigeki Arizono,&nbsp;Tetsuro Inokuma","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70276","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diverticular hemorrhage is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). Because spontaneous hemostasis frequently occurs, identifying the bleeding diverticulum via colonoscopy or iodinated contrast angiography remains challenging. Recently, several reports have demonstrated the utility of CO2 angiography in identifying the bleeding source.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patient was a 73-year-old male referred to our hospital for hematochezia and was ultimately diagnosed with colonic diverticular hemorrhage. Despite repeated massive hemorrhage, spontaneous hemostasis prevented localization of the bleeding site; neither colonoscopy nor conventional iodinated contrast angiography detected the source. Finally, CO2 angiography was performed to successfully identify the bleeding site, which enabled transcatheter arterial embolization to achieve hemostasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In cases of recurrent diverticular bleeding where the bleeding site remains undetectable, CO2 angiography may be an effective method to identify the source and guide targeted therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Demographics of Vascular Intestinal Diseases-Related Mortality Among Adults Living in United States From 1999 to 2020; A CDC Wonder Analysis","authors":"Muhammad Shahzad,&nbsp;Kanz Ul Eman Maryam,&nbsp;Ali Hashim,&nbsp;Amna Zaman Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdullah Ali,&nbsp;Ahmed Yar Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Younas,&nbsp;Syeda Sundus Shah Bokhari,&nbsp;Wania Khalid,&nbsp;Farah Shahzad,&nbsp;Kashmala Zia,&nbsp;Ali Hassan,&nbsp;Muhammad Uzair Khan Niazi,&nbsp;Fahad Rahman,&nbsp;Saad Ahmed Waqas,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular intestinal disorders (VID), including mesenteric ischemia, ischemic colitis, and intestinal angiodysplasia, have a global incidence of 8.11/100 000/year and a mortality of 1.26/100 000/year (15.5% death rate), rising from ~1% to ~3% in childhood to ~50% after 95 years. In the US, the incidence of acute vascular insufficiency of the intestine (AVII) is rising, warranting detailed trend analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CDC WONDER death certificates (1999–2020) for adults &gt; 25 years were analyzed using ICD-10 code N55. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100 000 were stratified by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and region. Joinpoint Regression (v5.2.0) calculated annual percent changes (APCs); significance was defined as <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall AAMR declined from 9.35 (1999) to 5.81 (2020). Women had higher AAMRs (7.63; 95% CI: 7.6–7.66) than men (6.5; 95% CI: 6.49–6.56). By race/ethnicity, AAMRs were highest in NH American Indian (7.89; 95% CI: 7.57–8.21), NH Black (7.84; 95% CI: 7.75–7.9), NH White (7.25; 95% CI: 7.22–7.28), Hispanic (5.91; 95% CI: 5.83–6), and NH Asian (3.59; 95% CI: 3.5–3.68). Micropolitan areas had higher AAMRs (7.92) than metropolitan (6.99). Regional AAMRs were highest in the Midwest (7.7; 95% CI: 7.65–7.75), followed by South (7.17; 95% CI: 7.13–7.21), West (7.02; 95% CI: 6.96–7.07), and Northeast (6.85; 95% CI: 6.79–6.9). Kentucky had the highest state AAMR (9.67; 95% CI: 9.43–9.9), Hawaii the lowest (4.59; 95% CI: 4.31–4.87). Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Tennessee, West Virginia, and Wyoming ranked in the top 90th percentile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite an overall decline, VID mortality remains high among women, NH American Indians, rural areas, and the Midwest—underscoring the need for targeted interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Pemafibrate on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Nationwide Multicenter Study","authors":"Yasuyuki Komiyama,&nbsp;Nobuharu Tamaki,&nbsp;Keiji Tsuji,&nbsp;Nami Mori,&nbsp;Toshie Mashiba,&nbsp;Hironori Ochi,&nbsp;Haruhiko Kobashi,&nbsp;Chikara Ogawa,&nbsp;Michiko Nonogi,&nbsp;Hideo Yoshida,&nbsp;Takehiro Akahane,&nbsp;Masahiko Kondo,&nbsp;Toyotaka Kasai,&nbsp;Hideki Fujii,&nbsp;Yasushi Uchida,&nbsp;Hirotaka Arai,&nbsp;Kaoru Tsuchiya,&nbsp;Namiki Izumi,&nbsp;Masayuki Kurosaki","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) modulator primarily prescribed for hypertriglyceridemia, may improve liver function in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), its efficacy has not been sufficiently evaluated. This study aimed to assess the effect of pemafibrate on liver function in patients with MASLD using a nationwide multicenter cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this nationwide multicenter study, we analyzed 352 patients diagnosed with MASLD and hypertriglyceridemia who newly initiated pemafibrate therapy. The primary outcome was the rate of ALT normalization (ALT ≤ 30 U/L). Laboratory data were collected at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months after pemafibrate initiation, and longitudinal changes were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean ALT levels decreased significantly from 60.1 ± 1.8 U/L at baseline to 44.9 ± 1.4, 41.6 ± 1.3, and 38.1 ± 1.3 U/L at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The ALT normalization rate increased from 30.4% at baseline to 46.0%, 50.9%, and 56.6% at 3, 6, and 12 months (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), respectively, with marked improvement at three months and maintenance throughout follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pemafibrate treatment significantly improved ALT levels and ALT normalization rates in MASLD patients with hypertriglyceridemia, with improvement observed at three months and a sustained effect up to 12 months. This is a large-scale multicenter study to date evaluating pemafibrate in MASLD, providing robust evidence for its potential as a therapeutic option in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ammonia-to-Urea Ratio: A Noninvasive First-Line Tool for Detecting Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension","authors":"Hatime Ouahbi,&nbsp;Vincent Haghnejad,&nbsp;Alexia Audouy,&nbsp;Maël Silva Rodriguez,&nbsp;Françoise Barbé,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Guéant,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Bronowicki,&nbsp;Abderrahim Oussalah","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70273","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cirrhosis progresses from compensated to decompensated phases, often marked by portal hypertension and complications like ascites, variceal hemorrhage, and hepatic encephalopathy. The ammonia-to-urea (A-to-U) ratio, reflecting urea cycle efficiency, may offer superior diagnostic performance compared to plasma ammonia levels alone. This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of the A-to-U ratio and plasma ammonia levels for identifying portal hypertension.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a derivation (2019–2020) and validation (2020–2022) study in patients with chronic liver disease. In the derivation study, outcomes included imaging findings of portal hypertension and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) per BAVENO VII criteria. Validation outcomes encompassed CSPH, gastroesophageal varices, and portal hypertensive gastropathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the derivation study (<i>n</i> = 180), the A-to-U ratio, but not plasma ammonia, showed high diagnostic accuracy for detecting imaging findings suggestive of portal hypertension and CSPH (A-to-U ratio &gt; 1.53 mg/g; diagnostic odds ratio [dOR], 4.04 [95% CI, 1.98–8.24; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001] and dOR, 5.71 [95% CI, 2.87–11.37; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001], respectively), and this association with CSPH remained significant after adjustment for renal function. In the validation study (<i>n</i> = 232), an A-to-U ratio &gt; 1.53 mg/g had a dOR of 9.42 (95% CI, 4.63–19.21; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) for the diagnosis of CSPH. An A-to-U ratio &gt; 1.53 mg/g showed independent associations with esophageal varices (dOR 4.44; 95% CI, 1.44–13.72; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and portal hypertensive gastropathy (dOR 9.33; 95% CI 2.65–32.92; <i>p</i> = 0.0005), whereas the BAVENO VII criteria did not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study suggests that an A-to-U ratio &gt; 1.53 mg/g may serve as a useful noninvasive tool for identifying CSPH, gastroesophageal varices, and portal hypertensive gastropathy in patients with chronic liver disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter Study","authors":"Mohammed Momin Sugie,&nbsp;Gebeyehu Tessema Azibte,&nbsp;Ahmed Adem,&nbsp;Asnake Limenhe,&nbsp;Biruk Abate Legesse,&nbsp;Zekarias Seifu Ayalew","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global evidence has observed that individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a heightened risk of experiencing psychiatric disorders, which often coincide with a decrease in their quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and associated factors among patients with IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital and Adera Medical Center. Categorical variables were presented using frequency and percentage and compared between groups using the chi-square test. The normal distribution of the continuous variables was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for normally distributed data, while the median and interquartile range were calculated for skewed data. We used univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis to examine the factors associated with depression and anxiety; results were reported as adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals and <i>p</i> value &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 5.1% and 7.1%, respectively, in IBD. Moderate disease activity (AOR = 16.1 (1.7, 156.7), <i>p</i> = 0.015) and severe disease activity (AOR = 49.8 (2.1, 1144.02), <i>p</i> = 0.014) had a statistically significant association with increased rates of depressive symptoms. Moderate disease activity (AOR = 9.9, 95% CI: 0.9, 106.2, <i>p</i> = 0.058) had a positive association. Severe disease activity (AOR = 45.3, 95% CI: 2.0, 1018.0, <i>p</i> = 0.016) has a significant associated factor with having anxiety symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in this study was generally low but can increase due to important factors such as disease activity, smoking, unemployment, a short duration after diagnosis, and having ulcerative IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Fontan-Associated Liver Disease","authors":"Michihiro Iwaki,&nbsp;Takashi Kobayashi,&nbsp;Naohiro Wada,&nbsp;Yumi Saiki,&nbsp;Koki Nagai,&nbsp;Asako Nogami,&nbsp;Shun Kawai,&nbsp;Shingo Koyama,&nbsp;Daisuke Utsunomiya,&nbsp;Atsushi Nakajima,&nbsp;Masato Yoneda","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70274","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many patients develop Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) after undergoing the Fontan procedure—a surgical treatment for congenital heart disease such as single ventricle—owing to changes in venous pressure and cardiac output. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing FALD, but has limitations. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a popular non-invasive method for evaluating liver stiffness and fibrosis in FALD; however, no unified view exists. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of MRE in evaluating the pathophysiology of FALD, including its correlation with cardiovascular parameters and histological findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 22 patients with FALD who underwent MRE at Yokohama City University Hospital. Patients with other liver diseases or a history of heavy alcohol consumption were excluded. Liver biopsies were assigned a congestive hepatic fibrosis score (CHFS). Liver stiffness was measured using MRE, and hemodynamic data were obtained using cardiac catheterization. The correlation between MRE-based liver stiffness and clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings was analyzed.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients' median age was 21.5 years, and the Fontan procedure was performed 16.3 years (mean) ago. Biochemical findings showed elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels. Mean liver stiffness measured using MRE was high (5.3 kPa), which significantly correlated with CHFS stage of liver fibrosis, and also correlated with GGT levels, fibrosis 4 index, and central venous pressure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MRE seems a promising non-invasive tool for liver fibrosis evaluation in FALD. However, it may also reflect hepatic congestion. Further studies are needed to establish its clinical utility and standard cutoff values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing and Frequency of Surveillance Colonoscopies After Resection for Colorectal Cancer in Queensland, Australia: A Retrospective 10-Year Analysis","authors":"Yiu Ming Ho,&nbsp;Katharina M. D. Merollini,&nbsp;Louisa G. Collins","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70266","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the timing intervals of surveillance colonoscopies after resection for colorectal cancer with recommendations in the Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines for Surveillance Colonoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective, observational study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Data Sources</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults who had a resection for colorectal cancer from the Costs of Surviving Cancer—Queensland Study (COS-Q), which is a retrospective population-based cohort study of all individuals diagnosed with a primary cancer from 2005 to 2015.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 7265 patients that underwent resection of colorectal cancer were included for analysis. Most patients had a pre-operative colonoscopy (6636, 87.6%) while 899 patients (12.4%) had no pre-operative colonoscopy. 82.1% of patients had their first surveillance colonoscopy as recommended by the Guidelines. In contrast, after the first post-operative surveillance colonoscopy without polypectomy, 978 of 1015 (96.4%) had a second surveillance colonoscopy early by at least 6 months. Thirty seven (1.7%) had the surveillance colonoscopy on time or later than recommended. Being female or having a pre-operative colonoscopy was associated with an early second surveillance colonoscopy (odds ratio 2.2, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Early surveillance colonoscopies incurred costs up to AU$3.78 million.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most post-resection surveillance colonoscopies for patients with colorectal cancer are performed earlier than recommended. Since colonoscopies in patients at low risk of cancer recurrence were generally performed too early, there is evidence of the potential overuse of healthcare resources and the opportunity to improve hospital efficiency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}