JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Endoscopic appearances of gastric mucosa in different endoscopic models according to H. pylori infection status","authors":"Shinwari Abdullah Jan,&nbsp;Hashimi Sayed Zekria","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>H. pylori infection has been recognized as a type 1 carcinogen of the gastric malignancy; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are the corner stone of eradication. Recent findings have also shown that atrophy and intestinal metaplasia remain after successful eradication, which moderately increases the risk of gastric cancer compared with those who have never infected, so the evaluation of gastric mucosa during gastroscopy is important.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to describe and summarize the reliable literature and proposed features of H. pylori infection status and gastritis in research on newly developed endoscopic models that influence clinical practice. In the result, conventional white light endoscopic, image-enhanced endoscopic models, and studies related to the Kyoto classification of gastritis were searched and reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kyoto classification of gastritis and modified Kyoto classification scoring model for gastritis using conventional white light image (CWLI) endoscopy is an effective tool for evaluating current H. pylori infection status, past infections, eradications, noninfections, and pre-cancerous conditions. This model is widely used, low cost, and time-efficient, and is supported by recent findings. Advanced image-enhanced endoscopic models combined with magnifying endoscopy provide more clear endoscopic features for H. pylori infection status and early gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to H pylori infection status, endoscopic prediction of gastric mucosal surface architecture analysis is possible, which influences clinical management. Endoscopic models might lead us to accurate and early diagnose of H. pylori infection status and may not be effective only for the eradication of H. pylori infection but also in the detection of early gastric cancer status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Helicobacter pylori in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms","authors":"Amin Saeedi,&nbsp;Afshin Mohammad Bagheri,&nbsp;Rasoul Raesi,&nbsp;Kiavash Hushmandi,&nbsp;Salman Daneshi,&nbsp;Asma Amiri Domari,&nbsp;Mohammadhossein Gholamzadeh,&nbsp;Shiva Kargar","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> plays an important role in causing digestive diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in COVID-19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case–control study, all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft city in 2021 were convenience sampled and divided into two homogeneous groups. Ninety-five patients with COVID-19, who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, were included in the case group, while 95 patients with COVID-19 without gastrointestinal symptoms were included in the control group. Noninvasive diagnostic methods, including serology and stool antigen tests, were used to identify <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in the studied patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-three people (55.8%) from the case group had <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, and 48 (50.5%) from the control group had <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Among the 53 people from the case group, 27 (50.9%) were men and 26 (49.1%) were women. Nineteen people (35.8%) were taking pantoprazole, 10 people (18.8%) were taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 20 people (37.7%) were taking narcotics, and 7 people (13.2%) had peptic ulcer. Seven people (13.2%) had an H2 blocker, and 21 people had an underlying disease. A significant relationship between infection with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and the use of pantoprazole, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotics, peptic ulcer, underlying disease, and H2 blocker in COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and without gastrointestinal symptoms was present (<i>P</i>-value &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection in patients with COVID-19, who have gastrointestinal symptoms, is high and should be considered as a treatment criterion for people infected with COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric changes of the enteric nervous system under physiological and pathological conditions measured using x-ray phase-contrast tomography","authors":"Niccolò Peruzzi,&nbsp;Marina Eckermann,&nbsp;Jasper Frohn,&nbsp;Tim Salditt,&nbsp;Bodil Ohlsson,&nbsp;Martin Bech","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Full-thickness biopsies of the intestinal wall may be used to study and assess damage to the neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS), that is, enteric neuropathy. The ENS is difficult to examine due to its localization deep in the intestinal wall and its organization with several connections in diverging directions. Histological sections used in clinical practice only visualize the sample in a two-dimensional way. X-ray phase-contrast micro-computed tomography (PC-μCT) has shown potential to assess the cross-sectional thickness and volume of the ENS in three dimensions (3D). The aim of this study was to explore the potential of PC-μCT to evaluate its use to determine the size of the ENS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Full-thickness biopsies of ileum obtained during surgery from five controls and six patients clinically diagnosed with enteric neuropathy and dysmotility were included. Punch biopsies of 1 mm in diameter and 1 cm in length, from an area containing myenteric plexus, were extracted from paraffin blocks, and scanned with synchrotron-based PC-μCT without any staining.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The microscopic volumetric structure of the neural tissue (consisting of both ganglia and fascicles) could be determined in all samples. The ratio of neural tissue volume/total tissue volume was higher in controls than in patients with enteric neuropathy (<i>P</i> = 0.013). The patient with the longest disease duration had the lowest ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The assessment of neural tissue can be performed in an objective, standardized way, to ensure reproducibility and comparison under physiological and pathological conditions. Further evaluation is needed to examine the role of this method in the diagnosis of enteric neuropathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142245024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of albumin use in decompensated cirrhosis and real-world adoption in Australia","authors":"Eric Kalo,&nbsp;Scott Read,&nbsp;Asma Baig,&nbsp;Kate Marshall,&nbsp;Wai-See Ma,&nbsp;Helen Crowther,&nbsp;Cameron Gofton,&nbsp;Kate D Lynch,&nbsp;Siddharth Sood,&nbsp;Jacinta Holmes,&nbsp;John Lubel,&nbsp;Alan Wigg,&nbsp;Geoff McCaughan,&nbsp;Stuart K Roberts,&nbsp;Paolo Caraceni,&nbsp;Golo Ahlenstiel,&nbsp;Avik Majumdar","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current treatment approach to patients with liver cirrhosis relies on the individual management of complications. Consequently, there is an unmet need for an overall therapeutic strategy for primary and secondary prevention of complications. The clinical potential of long-term albumin infusions supported by recent clinical trials has expanded its indications and holds promise to transform the management and secondary prevention of cirrhosis-related complications. This renewed interest in albumin comes with inherent controversies, compounding challenges and pressing need for rigorous evaluation of its clinical potential to capitalize on its therapeutic breakthroughs. Australia is among a few countries worldwide to adopt outpatient human albumin infusion. Here, we summarize currently available evidence of the potential benefits of human albumin for the management of multiple liver cirrhosis-related complications and discuss key challenges for wide application of long-term albumin administration strategy in Australian clinical practice. Australian Gastroenterological week (AGW), organised by the Gastroenterological Society of Australia (GESA), was held between 9-11 September 2022. A panel of hepatologists, advanced liver nurses and one haematologist, were invited to a roundtable meeting to discuss the use of long-term albumin infusions for liver cirrhosis. management in Australia. In this review, we summarise the proceedings of this meeting in context of the current literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress and future directions for expanding gastrointestinal endoscopy in low- and middle-income African nations","authors":"Aditya Gaur,&nbsp;Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj,&nbsp;Priyal Dalal,&nbsp;Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70026","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The burden of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in low- and middle-income African nations is significant and growing, particularly in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The prevalence of upper GI conditions, including peptic ulcers and esophageal malignancy-related dysphagia, is notably high in regions like Senegal.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Lower GI conditions, such as hemorrhoids, infectious colitis, and lower GI cancers, are also becoming increasingly prevalent in other low- and middle-income African nations.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The rising incidence of GI malignancies in low- and middle-income African nations leads to severe complications, diminished quality of life, financial distress, and increased morbidity and mortality. The GLOBACAN report of 2012, devised by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) denoted that over 40% of GI malignancies originated from developing nations.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; A recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD) analysis denoted that a substantial proportion of digestive diseases existed in low- and middle-income nations concentrated in Africa. The African region experienced the highest disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to digestive diseases, with the least improvement over the past decade, with the highest DALY rates observed in nations such as Egypt and the Central African Republic. The same study also denoted that the greatest proportional burden of upper digestive system diseases was in southern SSA.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Future projections indicate that low- and middle-income African nations, especially those in SSA, will experience a 73% increase in GI cancer cases by 2030, with uninvestigated dyspepsia being a significant contributing factor.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Consequently, enhancing the availability and quality of GI endoscopy services is imperative to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of GI conditions in low- and middle-income African nations. To this end, this editorial explores the recent progress and future directions for expanding gastrointestinal endoscopy in these regions, emphasizing the urgent need for advancements in this field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The establishment and expansion of gastrointestinal endoscopy services in low- and middle-income African nations are met with numerous challenges, foremost among which are financial constraints. These financial limitations make the procurement of essential endoscopic equipment difficult. For instance, despite the substantial gastrointestinal disease burden in Eastern Africa, the region's endoscopy capacity remains critically low, with only 0.12 endoscopists, 0.12 gastroscopes, and 0.09 colonoscopes available per 100 000 inhabitants. This stark deficit in equipment is predominantly attributed to financial challenges.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Furthermore, the shortage of medical doctors significantly impedes the development of endoscopy services. The provision of even basic diagnostic endoscopy services is a substantial ","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with liver fibrosis in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery","authors":"Jacqueline Córdova-Gallardo,&nbsp;Froylan David Martínez-Sánchez,&nbsp;David Medina-Julio,&nbsp;Martin Edgardo Rojano-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Luz Sujey Romero-Loera,&nbsp;Romina Vargas-Agredano,&nbsp;Nahum Méndez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a significant risk factor for metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and liver fibrosis has not been fully elucidated in patients with obesity and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This observational retrospective study included clinical and biochemical parameters of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. HP infection was confirmed by gastric endoscopy, and liver biopsies were performed during surgery. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate independent associations with liver fibrosis and steatosis by biopsy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the subjects was 42 ± 10 years, with 84.7% being women, and they had a mean BMI of 42.97 ± 7.56 kg/m2. Overall, 41.7% of patients had an HP infection. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to assess the association between HP infection, liver steatosis, and fibrosis by biopsy. HP infection was independently associated with liver fibrosis [OR = 3.164 (95% CI 1.011–9.900)].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biopsy findings associated HP infection with increased liver fibrosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of computer aided detection device on the adenoma detection rate and serrated detection rate among trainee fellows","authors":"Anas Khouri,&nbsp;Chance Dickson,&nbsp;Alvin Green,&nbsp;Abrahim Hanjar,&nbsp;William Sonnier","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) with computer-aided detection (CADe) has the potential to increase the adenoma detection rate (ADR) by up to 30% in expert settings and specialized centers. The impact of CADe on serrated polyp detection rates (SDR) and academic trainees ADR &amp; SDR remains underexplored. We aim to investigate the effect of CADe on ADR and SDR at an academic center with various levels of providers' experience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on asymptomatic patients between the ages of 45 and 75 who underwent screening colonoscopy. Colonoscopy reports were reviewed for 3 months prior to the introduction of GI Genius™ (Medtronic, USA) and 3 months after its implementation. The primary outcome was ADR and SDR with and without CADe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 658 colonoscopies were eligible for analysis. CADe resulted in statistically significant improvement in SDR from 8.92% to 14.1% (<i>P</i> = 0.037). The (ADR + SDR) with CADe and without CADe was 58% and 55.1%, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.46). Average colonoscopy (CSC) withdrawal time was 17.33 min (SD 10) with the device compared with 17.35 min (SD 9) without the device (<i>P</i> = 0.98).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, GI Genius™ was associated with a statistically significant increase in SDR alone, but not in ADR or (ADR + SDR), likely secondary to the more elusive nature of serrated polyps compared to adenomatous polyps. The use of CADe did not affect withdrawal time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of serological atrophic gastritis on proton pump inhibitor prescriptions and referrals to gastroscopy in the general population","authors":"Tor Persson,&nbsp;Stefan Söderberg,&nbsp;Minkyo Song,&nbsp;Pontus Karling","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to investigate whether individuals with low pepsinogen I levels differed from those with normal pepsinogen I levels in terms of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use, referral to gastroscopy, and findings on gastroscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum pepsinogen I was measured in 518 persons (mean age 51.6, SD 8.8; 49% women). A medical chart review focused on PPI prescriptions and gastroscopic findings in the follow-up period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with serological atrophic gastritis (pepsinogen I &lt; 28 μg/L) had higher body mass index (27.5 <i>vs</i> 26.2 kg/m²; <i>P</i> = 0.007), were less likely to be current smokers (8% <i>vs</i> 17%; <i>P</i> = 0.025), and had higher prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> seropositivity (57% <i>vs</i> 36%; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) compared with those without. During follow-up (mean 21.4 years, SD 6.5 years), the patients with serological atrophic gastritis had more often findings of atrophic gastritis or gastric polyps on gastroscopy (20% <i>vs</i> 8%; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), despite no differences in the mean number of gastroscopies per 1000 person-years (33 <i>vs</i> 23; <i>P</i> = 0.19) and the mean prescribed PPI dose (omeprazole equivalents) per year (1064 mg <i>vs</i> 1046 mg; <i>P</i> = 0.95). Persons with serological atrophic gastritis had lower odds of being prescribed PPIs at least once (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.58 [0.35–0.96]), but there was no significant difference in the chance of being referred to gastroscopy at least once (1.15 [0.70–1.96]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Persons with serological atrophic gastritis were less likely to be prescribed PPIs. Persons with serological atrophic gastritis had more often gastric polyps and atrophic gastritis when referred to gastroscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of elobixibat in combination with or switched from conventional treatments of chronic constipation: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Takaaki Eguchi,&nbsp;Osamu Inatomi,&nbsp;Shuhei Shintani,&nbsp;Kenji Momose,&nbsp;Tomoya Sako,&nbsp;Megumi Takagi,&nbsp;Daiki Fumihara,&nbsp;Kazuki Inoue,&nbsp;Norio Katayama,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Morisawa,&nbsp;Takumi Ota,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Tsuji","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elobixibat is a triple mode of action laxative that increases water secretion into the colon, promotes colonic motility, and reestablishes the defecation desire. This study aims to evaluate the effectivity and safety of elobixibat in chronic constipation (CC) patients refractory to conventional laxatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted in refractory CC patients diagnosed according to the Rome IV criteria and received elobixibat between April 2018 and June 2022 at Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital. Data were collected for spontaneous bowel movement (SBM), Bristol stool form scale (BSFS) scores, abdominal symptoms, and adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eligible 311 patients were selected for the analysis. Two-week Elobixibat treatment significantly increased SBM (times/week) from 2.9 ± 1.9 to 4.3 ± 1.9 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001). The BSFS score improved significantly from 3.2 ± 1.7 to 4.4 ± 1.4 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001). The percentages of patients with hard stool were decrease and that with normal stools were increase. Improvements in abdominal symptoms (sensation of incomplete bowel evacuation, straining, abdominal pain and distention, and difficulty defecating) were also significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). These constipation symptoms were improved irrespective of patient characteristics or previous laxatives. The 43.9% of previous laxatives were discontinued at the start of or after starting elobixibat treatment. A few adverse events were observed, elobixibat was well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elobixibat was effective in patients who were refractory to other laxatives, irrespective of previous therapy or patient characteristics. Elobixibat may contribute to resolving polypharmacy with single mode of action laxatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142077818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celiac disease is associated with increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and hypotensive shock in patients admitted with acute pancreatitis","authors":"Yazan Abboud,&nbsp;Vraj P Shah,&nbsp;Yi Jiang,&nbsp;Navya Pendyala,&nbsp;Kaveh Hajifathalian","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Celiac disease (CD) was shown to be associated with increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis (AP). There is a paucity of literature critically analyzing the association of CD with AP outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CD on outcomes and complications of AP in recent years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based analysis was performed using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the independent impact of CD on AP outcomes while controlling for demographics and comorbidities and all patients refined diagnosis-related groups (APR-DRG) risk of severity subclass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2016 to 2019, a total of 2 253 730 inpatients with AP were identified, of which 4640 (0.2%) had CD. On multivariable analysis, while controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness, CD patients had significantly decreased odds for mortality (OR = 0.387), pseudocyst formation (OR = 0.786), sepsis (OR = 0.707), respiratory failure (OR = 0.806), acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 0.804), and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.217), (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). However, CD patients were at significantly increased odds for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 2.240) and hypotensive shock (OR = 1.718) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Patients with CD had shorter lengths of stay by 0.4 days and lower total charges by $12 690.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our nationwide study evaluating AP outcomes in patients with CD suggests that patients with CD admitted for AP tend to have better mortality and several other outcomes compared to non-CD patients. We also show that CD patients admitted for AP have a greater risk for DVT and hypotensive shock. Future studies are warranted to validate the revealed findings in CD patients admitted for AP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}