JGH Open最新文献

{"title":"Determining factors for dexmedetomidine sedation in endoscopic submucosal dissection for early-stage gastric cancer","authors":"Erika Yoshida,&nbsp;Yorimasa Yamamoto,&nbsp;Misako Tohata,&nbsp;Kuniyo Gomi,&nbsp;Tadashi Okayasu,&nbsp;Masatsugu Nagahama","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although no specific sedation recommendations exist in early-stage gastric cancer (ESGC) for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), dexmedetomidine (DEX) is useful along with benzodiazepines and analgesics. Furthermore, DEX is used for endoscopic treatment requiring lengthy sedation. However, it is unclear which patients should be administered DEX. We examined the factors that determine when DEX should be added for sedation during ESD for ESGC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 316 patients undergoing ESD for ESGC at our hospital between January 2017 and December 2020, we examined 310 receiving intravenous anesthesia. Preoperative patient factors and treatment outcomes were retrospectively examined according to the sedation method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among patients with ESGC undergoing ESD at our hospital, DEX was more frequently used alongside sedation in men, those undergoing gastrectomy, those with a lesion diameter ≥20 mm, and those with preoperative ulcers. In the standard group, patients whose treatment duration exceeded 120 min typically had a lesion diameter ≥20 mm, preoperative ulcers, lesions located outside the L region, and were treated by junior physicians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is important to evaluate specific preoperative factors (lesion diameter ≥20 mm, preoperative ulcers, lesion located outside the L region, and having a junior physician as the treating physician) in patients undergoing ESD for ESGC to determine whether the combined use of DEX in sedation is necessary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140902723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing narrow banding imaging with dual focus magnification for histological prediction of small rectosigmoid polyps in Vietnamese setting","authors":"Tien Manh Huynh,&nbsp;Quang Dinh Le,&nbsp;Nhan Quang Le,&nbsp;Huy Minh Le,&nbsp;Duc Trong Quach","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Small rectosigmoid colorectal polyps (&lt;10 mm) are prevalent, with a low prevalence of advanced neoplastic lesions. The “diagnose-and-leave” strategy, employing narrow band imaging (NBI), is gaining popularity for its safety and cost-effectiveness by reducing polypectomy complications and minimizing histopathology expenses. This study assessed the diagnostic efficacy of NBI with dual focus (DF) magnification for real-time neoplastic prediction of rectosigmoid polyps and explored the feasibility of implementing this strategy in Vietnam.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a prospective single-center study, 307 rectosigmoid polyps from 245 patients were analyzed using three consecutive endoscopic modes: white light endoscopy (WLE), NBI, and NBI-DF. Endoscopists assessed polyps for size, location, macroscopic shape, optical diagnosis, and confidence levels before histopathological evaluation. High confidence was assigned when the polyp exhibited all features of a single histology type. Predictions were compared with final histopathology results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the total, 237 (77.2%) were diminutive (≤5 mm) polyps, and 18 (5.8%) were advanced neoplastic lesions. WLE + NBI and WLE + NBI + NBI-DF exhibited significantly higher accuracy compared to WLE (88.6% and 90.2% <i>vs</i> 74.2%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). For diminutive polyps, the DF mode significantly increased the rate of high-confidence optical diagnoses (89.1% <i>vs</i> 94.9%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). WLE + NBI + NBI-DF demonstrated high sensitivity (90.1%), specificity (95.5%), and negative predictive value (93.4%) in high-confidence predictions, enabling the implementation of the “diagnose-and-leave” strategy. This approach would have reduced 58.2% of unnecessary polypectomies without missing any advanced neoplastic lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NBI and DF modes provide accurate neoplastic predictions for rectosigmoid polyps. For diminutive polyps, DF magnification improves the confidence level of the optical diagnosis, allowing the safe implementation of the “diagnose-and-leave” strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated neural network and evolutionary algorithm approach for liver fibrosis staging: Can artificial intelligence reduce patient costs?","authors":"Ali Nazarizadeh,&nbsp;Touraj Banirostam,&nbsp;Taraneh Biglari,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Chichagi,&nbsp;Amir H Behnoush,&nbsp;Mohammad A Habibi,&nbsp;Ramin Shahidi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Staging liver fibrosis is important, and liver biopsy is the gold standard diagnostic tool. We aim to design and evaluate an artificial neural network (ANN) method by taking advantage of the Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm for the prediction of liver fibrosis stage in blood donors and hepatitis C patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose a method based on a selection of machine learning classification methods including multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network, Naive Bayesian (NB), decision tree, and deep learning. Initially, the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) is performed to address the imbalance in the dataset. Afterward, the integration of MLP and TLBO is implemented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose a novel algorithm that reduces the number of required patient features to seven inputs. The accuracy of MLP using 12 features is 0.903, while that of the proposed MLP with TLBO is 0.891. Besides, the diagnostic accuracy of all methods, except the model designed with the Bayesian network, increases when the SMOTE balancer is applied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The decision tree-based deep learning methods show the highest levels of accuracy with 12 features. Interestingly, with the use of TLBO and seven features, MLP reached an accuracy rate of 0.891, which is quite satisfactory when compared with those of similar studies. The proposed model provides high diagnostic accuracy, while reducing the required number of properties from the samples. The results of our study show that the recruited algorithm of our study is more straightforward, with a smaller number of required properties and similar accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic mucosal phenotypes and endoscopic Sydney system gastritis assessment in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection and upper digestive clinical signs: A 2-year study among patients with gastroduodenal disorders in Cameroon","authors":"Lionel Danny Tali Nguefak,&nbsp;Ghislaine Florice Faujo Nintewoue,&nbsp;Ngimgoh Ngemeshe Stanley,&nbsp;Paul Talla,&nbsp;Ghislaine Ngatcha,&nbsp;Sartre Michele Tagni,&nbsp;Nzoume Nsope Mengang Jude-Marcel,&nbsp;Dzoyem Jean Paul,&nbsp;Laure Brigitte Kouitcheu Mabeku","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> represents the major pathogen in the pathophysiology of diverse gastrointestinal conditions. This study sought to determine the endoscopic aspect of the gastric mucosa in relation to <i>H. pylori</i> infection in Cameroon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted in three reference health facilities in Cameroon from October 2020 to October 2022. The study enrolled 494 consecutive volunteer dyspeptic patients attending to the gastroenterology department of the selected health facilities. A description of the aspect of gastric mucosa of all participants was performed during endoscopy examination, and biopsies were collected for <i>H. pylori</i> detection using rapid urease tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastritis, ulcerated lesions, duodenitis, esophagitis, normal mucosa aspect, bulbitis, and gastric neoplastic lesions were found in 40.1, 22.3, 10.9, 10.3, 9.7, 6.3, and 0.40% of biopsy samples, respectively. Erythematous/exudative (45.9%) and enterogastric reflux (12.2%) were the main gastritis types recorded. <i>H. pylori</i> was present in 58.1, 46.3, 87.1, 66.7, and 61.8% in gastritis, duodenitis, bulbitis, esophagitis, and ulcerated lesions, respectively. A positive relationship was noticed between the presence of <i>H. pylori</i> and gastritis (1.037 [0.720–1.493]; <i>P</i> = 0.845), bulbitis (4.237 [1.602–11.235]; <i>P</i> = 0.004), esophagitis (1.515 [0.822–2.793]; <i>P</i> = 0.183), ulcerated lesions (1.233 [0.798–1.904]; <i>P</i> = 0.345), erythematous/exudative gastritis (1.354 [0.768–2.389]; <i>P</i> = 0.295), and enterogastric reflux gastritis (1.159 [0.492–2.733]; <i>P</i> = 0.736).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastritis and erythematous/exudative gastritis are the most frequent gastrointestinal pathophysiology conditions in dyspeptic patient in our milieu. <i>H. pylori</i> infection is responsible for 94.8% of the gastrointestinal pathophysiology conditions with bulbitis as the condition is significantly associated with this bacterium infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of DOACs in patients with Child-Pugh Class C cirrhosis and trial fibrillation","authors":"Mark Ayoub,&nbsp;Carol Faris,&nbsp;Julton Tomanguillo Chumbe,&nbsp;Ebubekir Daglilar,&nbsp;Nadeem Anwar,&nbsp;Vishnu Naravadi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anticoagulation (AC) is used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) are safe in patients with AF without cirrhosis, they are hardly studied in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Our study evaluates the safety and outcomes of DOACs in patients with Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis (CPC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We queried TriNetX Database. Patients with CPC and AF were divided into three cohorts: patients on DOACs, no AC, and warfarin. Three study arms were created using a 1:1 propensity score matching system (PSM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 16 029 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of those, 20.2% (<i>n</i> = 3235) were on DOACs, 47.1% (<i>n</i> = 7552) were not on AC, and 32.7% (<i>n</i> = 5242) were on warfarin. First arm comparing AC <i>versus</i> no AC, a statistically significant benefit was identified in 3-year mortality risk (47% <i>vs</i> 71%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) and transplant status (17% <i>vs</i> 5%, p &lt; 0.0001) with AC. However, no significant difference was identified regarding intracranial hemorrhage and GI bleeding risk. Second arm comparing patients on DOACs <i>versus</i> no AC, we identified mortality benefit (40% <i>vs</i> 72%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) and a higher transplant rate (9% <i>vs</i> 3.2%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) with DOACs. Intracranial hemorrhage rates (6% <i>vs</i> 4%, <i>P</i> = 0.03) were higher in patients on DOACs. Third arm comparing patients on DOACs <i>versus</i> Warfarin, a statistically significant lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage (6.6% <i>vs</i> 8.7%, <i>P</i> = 0.004) and GI bleed (2% <i>vs</i> 2.4%, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) were identified in patients on DOACs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anticoagulation is safe in patients with CPC with AF and may provide a mortality benefit. DOACs are a safer alternative to warfarin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140819019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of schwannoma of the small intestine discovered during intussusception","authors":"Sachiyo Onishi,&nbsp;Takashi Ibuka,&nbsp;Yukari Uno,&nbsp;Kentaro Kojima,&nbsp;Jun Takada,&nbsp;Masaya Kubota,&nbsp;Masahito Shimizu","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A woman in her 60s with anemia was diagnosed with a small intestinal intussusception on computed tomography. She underwent a double-balloon endoscopy, which revealed submucosal tumor in the ileum. Suspected to be the cause of anemia and intussusception, surgical intervention was carried out, revealing it to be a schwannoma. Schwannomas of the small intestine are very rare, and because exophytic growths are common, intussusception due to luminal side development is even rarer.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140819018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-blind, randomized, 8-week multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of STW 5-II versus placebo in functional dyspepsia","authors":"Bettina Vinson,&nbsp;Careen Fink,&nbsp;Manfred Wargenau,&nbsp;Nicholas J Talley,&nbsp;Gerald Holtmann","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herbal products are widely used to treat patients with disorders of gut brain interaction but clinical efficacy and safety data for treatments lasting &gt;4 weeks are widely lacking. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of 8 weeks of treatment with the herbal combination product STW 5-II for patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) meeting Rome II criteria. We also conducted a post hoc analysis including patients meeting Rome IV criteria for FD and evaluated the effect of the G-protein beta 3 (GNB3) subunit polymorphism (C825T) on therapeutic response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind study included 272 FD patients meeting Rome II criteria in the intention-to-treat cohort and 266 meeting Rome IV criteria. We used the validated Gastrointestinal Symptom Score (GIS) to assess GI symptoms, defining response rate as the proportion of patients with ≥50% GIS improvement in at least three of four assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 8 weeks, the response rate was significantly higher in the STW 5-II group <i>versus</i> placebo (61.2% <i>vs</i> 45.1%, <i>P</i> = 0.008). Mean GIS non-significantly improved with STW 5-II treatment (7.9 ± 4.41 <i>vs</i> 6.7 ± 4.91 with placebo; <i>P</i> = 0.07). In the Rome IV subgroup analysis, STW 5-II yielded a better response rate (<i>P</i> = 0.01) <i>versus</i> placebo and greater postprandial distress symptom improvement (<i>P</i> = 0.04) <i>versus</i> placebo. Safety parameters did not differ between groups, and GNB3 status was not linked with therapeutic response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>STW 5-II is efficacious, with no observed safety signals at up to 8 weeks of treatment in patients with FD meeting Rome II or IV criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140819020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of bismuth quadruple regimens containing minocycline and vonoprazan for eradication of Helicobacter pylori: Real-world evidence","authors":"Qiyunna He,&nbsp;Yan Ou,&nbsp;Huili Zhu,&nbsp;Zhiqian Chen,&nbsp;Dailan Yang,&nbsp;Qian Cheng,&nbsp;Xia Yin,&nbsp;Lina Xiao,&nbsp;Lin Cai,&nbsp;Yan Ye,&nbsp;Xin Xu,&nbsp;Juan Liao","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of minocycline, vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and bismuth quadruple therapy for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From August 2022 to May 2023, clinical data were collected from patients who received <i>H. pylori</i> eradication treatment at West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University. One group received the MVAB regimen (amoxicillin, minocycline, vonoprazan, and colloidal bismuth pectin), while another group received the FOAB regimen (amoxicillin, furazolidone, omeprazole, and colloidal bismuth pectin), both administered for 14 days. Follow-up assessments of safety and compliance were conducted within 1 week after treatment completion. One and a half months after treatment, the success of eradication was evaluated using the urea breath test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For the MVAB regimen as a first-line treatment, the eradication rate was 90.1% (127/141, 95% CI: 85.1–95.1%) in the ITT analysis and 93.4% (127/136, 95% CI: 89.2–97.6%) in the PP analysis as a first-line treatment. As a second-line treatment, the eradication rate was 91.3% (21/23, 95% CI: 78.8–103.8%) in both analyses. For the FOAB regimen as a first-line treatment, the eradication rate was 98.0% (50/51, 95% CI: 94.1–101.2%) in the ITT analysis and 100% (50/50, 95% CI: 100%) in the PP analysis. As a second-line treatment, the eradication rate was 100% (6/6, 95% CI: 100%) in both analyses. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (MVAB regimen: 5.5% and FOAB regimen: 8.8%; <i>P</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MVAB regimen could indeed be a viable alternative treatment option to conventional therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140819002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance colonoscopy findings in asymptomatic participants over 75 years of age","authors":"Madelyn Agaciak,&nbsp;Molla M Wassie,&nbsp;Kalindra Simpson,&nbsp;Charles Cock,&nbsp;Peter Bampton,&nbsp;Robert Fraser,&nbsp;Erin L Symonds","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surveillance colonoscopy for colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally not recommended beyond 75 years of age. The study determined incidence and predictors of advanced adenoma and CRC in older individuals undergoing surveillance colonoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective cohort study of asymptomatic older participants (≥75 years), enrolled in a South Australian CRC surveillance program who underwent colonoscopy (2015–2020). Clinical records were extracted for demographics, personal or family history of CRC, comorbidities, polypharmacy, and colonoscopy findings. The associations between clinical variables and advanced adenoma or CRC at surveillance were assessed with multivariable Poisson regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 698 surveillance colonoscopies were analyzed from 574 participants aged 75–91 years (55.6% male). The incidence of CRC was 1.6% (11/698), while 37.9% (260/698) of procedures had advanced adenoma detected. Previous CRC (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 5.9, 95% CI 1.5–22.5), age ≥85 years (IRR 5.8, 95% CI 1.6–20.1) and active smoking (IRR 4.9, 95% CI 1.0–24.4) were independently associated with CRC diagnosis, while advanced adenoma at immediately preceding colonoscopy (IRR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–2.0) and polypharmacy (IRR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0–1.5) were associated with advanced adenoma at surveillance colonoscopy in asymptomatic older participants (≥75 years).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Advanced neoplasia was found in more than one third of the surveillance procedures completed in this cohort. Continuation of surveillance beyond age 75 yeasrs may be considered in participants who have previous CRC or are active smokers (provided they are fit to undergo colonoscopy). In other cases, such as past advanced adenoma only, the need for ongoing surveillance should be considered alongside participant preference and health status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140817276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of treatment periods on efficacy of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir in chronic hepatitis C: A nationwide, prospective, multicenter study","authors":"Atsuhiro Morita,&nbsp;Nobuharu Tamaki,&nbsp;Haruhiko Kobashi,&nbsp;Nami Mori,&nbsp;Keiji Tsuji,&nbsp;Shintaro Takaki,&nbsp;Chitomi Hasebe,&nbsp;Takehiro Akahane,&nbsp;Hironori Ochi,&nbsp;Toshie Mashiba,&nbsp;Naohito Urawa,&nbsp;Hideki Fujii,&nbsp;Akeri Mitsuda,&nbsp;Masahiko Kondo,&nbsp;Chikara Ogawa,&nbsp;Yasushi Uchida,&nbsp;Ryoichi Narita,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Marusawa,&nbsp;Yoshihito Kubotsu,&nbsp;Tomomichi Matsushita,&nbsp;Masaya Shigeno,&nbsp;Hideo Yoshida,&nbsp;Katsuaki Tanaka,&nbsp;Eisuke Okamoto,&nbsp;Toyotaka Kasai,&nbsp;Toru Ishii,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Okada,&nbsp;Masayuki Kurosaki,&nbsp;Namiki Izumi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.13068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.13068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with chronic hepatitis C, 8 weeks of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) treatment for chronic hepatitis (non-cirrhosis) and 12 weeks for cirrhosis have been approved in Japan. However, whether 8 weeks of treatment for cirrhosis may reduce treatment efficacy has not been adequately investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective, nationwide, multicenter cohort study enrolled 1275 patients with chronic hepatitis C who received GLE/PIB therapy. The effect of liver fibrosis and treatment periods on the efficiency of GLE/PIB therapy was investigated. The primary endpoint was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate in patients with chronic hepatitis (non-cirrhosis) and cirrhosis. The association between treatment periods and liver fibrosis on the SVR after 12 weeks of treatment rate was investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SVR rates in patients with chronic hepatitis with 8 weeks of treatment, chronic hepatitis with 12 weeks of treatment, cirrhosis with 8 weeks of treatment, and cirrhosis with 12 weeks of treatment were 98.9% (800/809), 100% (87/87), 100% (166/166), and 99.1% (211/213), respectively, and were was not different among these groups (<i>P</i> = 0.4).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GLE/PIB therapy for chronic hepatitis C had high efficacy regardless of liver fibrosis status and treatment periods. Periods of GLE/PIB therapy could be chosen with available modalities, and high SVR rates could be achieved regardless of the decision.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.13068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140648153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}