Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"The potential anti-inflammatory effect of hyaluronic acid gel alone or in combination with grapefruit seed extract on induced periodontitis in mandibular molars of Wistar rats","authors":"Sana Mostafa ,&nbsp;Aiah A. El-Rashidy ,&nbsp;Mohamed Talaat Elbehwashy ,&nbsp;Manar A. Abdul-Aziz ,&nbsp;Nermeen AbuBakr","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Antimicrobial agents have been used in conjunction with conventional chemomechanical therapy to improve the treatment outcomes of periodontitis. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorating effect of topical application of hyaluronic acid (HA) with or without grapefruit seed extract (GFSE) (5, 10, and 15 wt %) in induced periodontitis in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Surgical alveolar bone defects were created in 30 adult male Wistar rats, followed by the introduction of a ligature impregnated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide for four weeks to induce periodontitis. Rats were distributed into five groups (n = 6); an untreated periodontitis group and four treated groups in which gel (HA±GFSE) was injected into the sulcus once weekly for two weeks. All rats were euthanized six weeks after starting the experiment, and the mandibles were prepared for histopathological and histomorphometric analyses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for measuring tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) enzyme.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HA enhanced new bone formation at defect margins, thereby diminishing defect width. This effect significantly increased as HA was combined with GFSE in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the HA and GFSE mixture suppressed the tissue levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1, thereby increasing PON-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The HA and GFSE mixtures exhibited synergistic therapeutic potential for the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a dose-dependent manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of trigeminal ganglion satellite glial cells in masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity","authors":"Sho Sawada ,&nbsp;Suzuro Hitomi ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Hayashi ,&nbsp;Hirotaka Shinozuka ,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Yonehara ,&nbsp;Koichi Iwata ,&nbsp;Masamichi Shinoda","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The underlying mechanism of masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity by sustained masseter muscle contraction (SMMC) is not well understood. This study aimed to examine whether the activation of satellite glial cells in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) contributes to masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity induced by SMMC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electrodes were placed on the masseter muscle fascia of rats to induce strong contractions, by daily electrical stimulation. Pain sensitivity in the masseter muscle was measured and the activation level of satellite glial cells in the TG was examined. The localization of P2Y₁₂ and the effects of P2Y₁₂ receptor inhibition on SMMC-induced pain hypersensitivity were evaluated. The amount of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and TNF-α receptor localization were determined in the TG.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SMMC induced masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity and activation of satellite glial cells. P2Y₁₂ receptors were expressed in satellite glial cells and masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity was suppressed by intra-TG P2Y₁₂ receptor antagonism. TG neurons innervating the sustained-contracted masseter muscle expressed TNF-α receptor and SMMC increased TNF-α levels in TG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SMMC-induced activation of satellite glial cells though the P2Y₁₂ receptor signaling may contribute to masseter muscle pain hypersensitivity via the TNF-α signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cortical areas processing periodontal ligament nociception in mice","authors":"Risako Okuma ,&nbsp;Shutaro Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Satomi Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Arai ,&nbsp;Naoyuki Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Mitsuru Motoyoshi ,&nbsp;Masayuki Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Satoshi Fujita","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Toothaches are often poorly localized. Although periodontal pain is better localized, it can spread to other areas. Ultimately, the cerebral cortex processes nociception, with somatotopic organization possibly playing a role in localizing the origin. However, the exact cortical area in the periodontal ligament (PDL) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study examined cortical responses to electrical stimulation of the molar PDL in anesthetized male mice using <em>in vivo</em> optical imaging with a voltage-sensitive dye, autofluorescent flavin fluorescence, and immunohistochemistry for c-Fos protein expression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>On optical imaging, cortical responses to the stimulation of the ipsilateral and contralateral PDL of the upper and lower teeth were observed in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and area from the insular cortex (IC) to the ventral edge of the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), defined as the area caudal to the middle cerebral artery (C-area). Responses in S1 were faint and unstable, but were consistent in the C-area. The initial response locations were similar regardless of which PDL was stimulated, and the activated areas in the C-area almost overlapped. Three-dimensional construction of c-Fos-immunopositive cells responding to upper or lower PDL stimulation revealed bilateral distribution in the cingulate gyrus, secondary auditory cortex, temporal association cortex, ectorhinal cortex, and IC, but not in the S1 and S2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results suggest that the somatotopic organization of the S1, S2, and IC cannot explain the localization of PDL nociception. The predominance of responses in the contralateral IC may provide clues for identifying the laterality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mirror-polished ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite enhances gingival junctional epithelial cell adhesion","authors":"Shoma Yamamori ,&nbsp;Eri Urano-Morisawa ,&nbsp;Ayako Mochizuki ,&nbsp;Ryo Aizawa ,&nbsp;Fuminori Iwasa ,&nbsp;Matsuo Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Kazuyoshi Baba","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to determine the optimal surface roughness (Ra) of ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite (Ce-TZP/Al₂O₃) implants for mouse gingival junctional epithelial cell (JE-1) adhesion and soft tissue sealing <em>in vitro</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Titanium and Ce-TZP/Al₂O₃ disks were prepared, mechanically polished (M), and mirror-polished (Mr). The surface morphology of each disk was evaluated, and the Ra was measured using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. JE-1 cells were cultured on each disk, and cell proliferation was assessed by measuring the absorbance using the MTS assay. We also analyzed the expression of the adhesion proteins Laminin-5, Integrin β4, and Cadherin-1 using immunostaining and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The adhesion strength of the JE-1 cells to each disk was measured using a shaking stimulation test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>M disks had rough surfaces, whereas Mr disks had smooth morphologies. JE-1 cell proliferation was proportional to the culture time, and the Mr disks showed higher values than the M disk. Immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR showed that expression of Laminin-5 and Integrin β4 was higher with Mr disks than with M on the Ce-TZP/Al₂O₃ disks. The oscillatory stimulation test also showed that the adhesive strength of JE-1 cells was significantly higher with Mr than with M on the Ce-TZP/Al₂O₃ disks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mirror polishing of Ce-TZP/Al₂O₃ disks enhances epithelial cell proliferation and adhesion more than mechanical polishing. These findings have implications for the optimization of implant surface characteristics to improve epithelial sealing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of biofilm formation on ceramic, metal, and plastic brackets in orthodontic materials by new method using renG-expressing Streptococcus mutans","authors":"Hiroyuki Kato ,&nbsp;Hiroko Yoshida ,&nbsp;Masanori Saito ,&nbsp;Tomomi Hashizume-Takizawa ,&nbsp;Shinichi Negishi ,&nbsp;Hidenobu Senpuku","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Oral biofilm has a high acid-producing capacity, increases the risk of enamel demineralization around brackets, and has been identified as a problem in orthodontic treatment. Here, we assessed the risk of biofilm formation by <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>, which is associated with the development of white spot lesions (WSL) on tooth surfaces, using multibracket devices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Various types of brackets were used for the biofilm formation assay with <em>S. mutans</em> coated with human saliva, immersed in <em>renG</em>-expressing <em>S. mutans</em> UA159 (strain with the luciferase gene inserted), and incubated overnight at 37 °C under aerobic conditions containing 5% CO₂. The biofilm was washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and 200 μL of luciferin dissolved in PBS was added to each well. The mixture was light shielded and allowed to react for 20 min. Luminescence was measured as the amount of biofilm formed by live cells on the bracket surfaces using an optical emission spectrophotometer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Biofilm formation was greater in plastic brackets than in ceramic and metal brackets in a number-dependent manner. However, biofilm formation was inhibited as the plastic bracket was coated with saliva.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>For preventive treatments of WSL onset during orthodontic treatment, orthodontists should carefully select and customize brackets based on patient needs, goals, and biomechanical principles. This study developed a new measurement method using <em>renG</em>-expressing <em>S. mutans</em> UA159 to accurately assess active biofilm formation on bracket surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional morphology of myoepithelial cells in the rat salivary glands: A review","authors":"Osamu Amano ,&nbsp;Go Onozawa ,&nbsp;Fuyoko Taira ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Kawabe ,&nbsp;Kenichi Mizobe ,&nbsp;Miyuki Toda ,&nbsp;Arata Nagasaka ,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Bando ,&nbsp;Koji Sakiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The acini, the secretory endpieces of the salivary glands, are composed of serous and/or mucous acinar cells and surrounded by myoepithelial cells. Myoepithelial cells are multipolar, stellate cells with long processes encircling the acini and intercalated ducts. These cells contract to facilitate salivary secretion and transport.</div></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><div>In rat major salivary gland acini, the morphology of myoepithelial cells varies across glands: parotid glands lack myoepithelial cells, submandibular glands contain \"slender\"-shaped cells, and sublingual glands contain \"macho\"-shaped cells. These morphological variations are thought to depend on the salivary viscosity. Myoepithelial cells in the intercalated ducts exhibit minimal variation across the major salivary glands, with processes oriented parallel to the duct axis. These cells are covered by a thin collagen layer and small fibroblasts, collectively termed \"the peri-intercalated duct sheath.\" Ebner's glands, located beneath the circumvallate and foliate papillae and containing numerous taste buds, develop myoepithelial cells in both the acini and intercalated ducts to facilitate vigorous saliva secretion, enhancing gustatory sensitivity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The morphology of myoepithelial cells is influenced by their functional roles under different anatomical, physiological, and pathological conditions. Increased thickness and branching occur to adapt to salivary viscosity and/or enhance secretion. In the intercalated ducts, myoepithelial cells support salivary transport with the aid of the surrounding collagen layer and fibroblasts in \"the peri-intercalated duct sheath\".</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and localization of adiponectin in myoepithelial cells in sublingual glands of normal and diabetic rats","authors":"Genki Miyake ,&nbsp;Arata Nagasaka ,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Bando ,&nbsp;Koji Sakiyama ,&nbsp;Shoichi Iseki ,&nbsp;Hideaki Sakashita ,&nbsp;Osamu Amano","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Adiponectin is a hormone produced by adipocytes with anti-atherosclerotic and anti-diabetic properties. We previously discovered that adiponectin is specifically localized in the myoepithelial cells of rat sublingual glands. This study aims to investigate the localization of adiponectin and its receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, in adult rats, postnatally developing rats, and diabetic model rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined the localization and expression of adiponectin and its receptors by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in the sublingual glands of adult rats and in two diabetic rat models: Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats for type 1 diabetes and GK rats for type 2 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In rat sublingual glands, adiponectin was localized in the cytoplasm of myoepithelial cells, while AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were localized in the basolateral membrane of mucous acinar cells. In GK rats, there was a significant decrease in the immunoreactivity and mRNA levels of adiponectin, while both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 expression levels were upregulated. In STZ-treated rats, both adiponectin and its receptors showed reduced expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Adiponectin acts as a paracrine factor in sublingual myoepithelial cells, influencing salivary secretion through upregulated receptors in acinar cells, particularly in type 2 diabetes. This process is associated with a reduction in myoepithelial adiponectin levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral microbiome profiles of gingivitis and periodontitis by next-generation sequencing among a group of hospital patients in Korea: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Yeon-Hee Lee ,&nbsp;Hae Jeong Park ,&nbsp;Su-Jin Jeong ,&nbsp;Q-Schick Auh ,&nbsp;Junho Jung ,&nbsp;Gi-Ja Lee ,&nbsp;Seungil Shin ,&nbsp;Ji-Youn Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The oral microbiome plays an important role in the development and progression of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to compare microbial profiles of oral cavities in good health, with gingivitis, and in a state of periodontitis, and to identify novel pathogens involved in periodontal diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred and two participants, including 33 healthy controls, 41 patients with gingivitis, and 28 patients with periodontitis, were included in this cross-sectional study. Salivary oral microbiomes were investigated using 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing, and the microbial profiles of each group were compared using age- and sex-adjusted general linear models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The abundance of amplicon sequence variants and Chao1 diversity were significantly elevated in the gingivitis and periodontitis groups relative to healthy controls (<em>p</em> = 0.046). Based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores (&gt;2), <em>Tenericutes, Mollicutes, Mycoplasmatales, Mycoplasmataceae, Mycoplasma, Bacteroidaceae,</em> and <em>Phocaeicola</em> were significantly enriched in the gingivitis group, and <em>Synergistetes, Synergistia, Synergistales, Synergistaceae, Fretibacterium, Sinanaerobacter,</em> and <em>Filifactor</em> were enriched in the periodontitis group. The relative abundances of <em>Fretibacterium fastidiosum</em>, <em>Sinanaerobacter chloroacetimidivorans</em>, and <em>Filifactor alocis</em> (<em>q</em> = 0.008, all bacteria) were highest in the periodontitis group and lowest in the control group. The relative abundance of <em>Treponema denticola</em> was significantly elevated in the periodontitis group compared to the other two groups (<em>q</em> = 0.024).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Oral microbiomes differed between groups. <em>T. denticola</em>, <em>F. fastidiosum</em>, <em>S. chloroacetimidivorans</em> and <em>F</em>. <em>alocis</em> were significantly more abundant in the periodontitis group than in the control group. Additionally, <em>the abundance of T. denticola</em> and <em>F. fastidiosum</em> in the periodontitis group was significantly different from that in the gingivitis group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-fungal effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water on Candida species","authors":"Chia-Hsin Wu ,&nbsp;Yoshino Kaneyasu ,&nbsp;Kanako Yano ,&nbsp;Hideo Shigeishi ,&nbsp;Honami Kitasaki ,&nbsp;Tomoko Maehara ,&nbsp;Yoshie Niitani ,&nbsp;Toshinobu Takemoto ,&nbsp;Yuichi Mine ,&nbsp;Mi Nguyen-Tra Le ,&nbsp;Miki Kawada-Matsuo ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Komatsuzawa ,&nbsp;Kouji Ohta","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) is produced by electrolyzing 2–6% diluted hydrochloric acid in a membrane-less chamber, resulting in 5.0–6.5 pH, and can be applied to various foods as a disinfectant. Although SAEW has shown to have bactericidal activity, the details of its anti-fungal effects towards <em>Candida specie<u>s</u></em> remain unknown. Therefore, we examined the fungicidal effects of SAEW on <em>Candida</em> spp. and biofilms on acrylic resins.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The fungicidal effects of SAEW on <em>Candida</em> spp. at different reaction times and total numbers of colonies in culture plates were examined. Subsequently, SAEW was added to <em>Candida</em> spp. biofilms formed on polystyrene plates, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in SAEW was measured to examine its fungicidal effects towards <em>Candida</em> spp. biofilms. The fungicidal effect of SAEW on <em>Candida</em> spp. biofilms was determined by counting the number of colonies on the acrylic resin after adding SAEW.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SAEW completely killing activity within 1 min with the tested <em>Candida</em> spp. <em>C. albicans</em> and <em>C. glabrata</em> ATP were increased 5 min after adding SAEW compared with the controls, suggesting the removal of biofilm. Of the <em>C. albicans</em> on acrylic resin, &gt;99.9%were killed by SAEW compared to their levels in deionized distilled water (DW) (76.2 × 10²/mL and 43.3 × 10²/mL, respectively). Similarly, 93.1% of C. glabrata were killed by SAEW compared to DW (159.3x102/mL).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SAEW may be useful in preventing oral candidiasis as part of oral care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a new antibody drug to treat congenital tooth agenesis","authors":"K. Takahashi ,&nbsp;H. Kiso ,&nbsp;E. Mihara ,&nbsp;J. Takagi ,&nbsp;Y. Tokita ,&nbsp;A. Murashima-Suginami","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to develop a therapeutic agent promoting teeth regeneration from autologous tissues for congenital tooth agenesis, specifically for hypodontia (≤5 missing congenital teeth, 10% prevalence) and oligodontia (≥6 missing congenital teeth, 0.1% prevalence).</div></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><div>We studied mice genetically deficient in the USAG-1 protein, an antagonist of BMP/Wnt which forms excessive teeth. We identified USAG-1 as a target molecule for increasing the number of teeth. Crossing USAG-1-deficient mice with a congenital tooth agenesis model restored tooth formation. We produced anti-USAG-1 neutralizing antibodies as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of congenital tooth agenesis. Mice anti-USAG-1 neutralizing antibodies can potentially rescue the developmentally arrested tooth germ programmed to a certain tooth type. A humanized anti-USAG-1 antibody was developed as the final candidate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Targeting USAG-1 shows promise for treating missing congenital tooth. Anti-USAG-1 neutralizing antibodies have been developed and will progress towards clinical trials, which may regenerate missing congenital teeth in conditions, such as hypodontia and oligodontia. The protocol framework for a phase 1 study has been finalized, and preparation for future studies is underway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}