{"title":"Chest wall subcutaneous mass leading to the diagnosis of pericostal tuberculosis.","authors":"Shimpei Kajie, Kentaro Nakamura, Tomohiro Moriya, Tomoyuki Ogata, Takaaki Yamashita","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When diagnosing a chest wall mass, even in the absence of pulmonary lesions, it is crucial to consider pericostal tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis. Attention must be paid to the characteristic findings on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, such as central low attenuation, peripheral rim enhancement of soft tissue, and pleural involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respirology Case ReportsPub Date : 2024-09-18eCollection Date: 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.70028
Minoru Sugihara, Sawako Okamoto, Tetsuo Taniguchi
{"title":"Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis with multiple cavitary nodules after lung cancer surgery.","authors":"Minoru Sugihara, Sawako Okamoto, Tetsuo Taniguchi","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a subtype of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a rare neoplastic disease characterized by lung involvement. Here, we present a case involving a patient with multiple cavitary nodules who was diagnosed with PLCH during surveillance after lung cancer surgery. A 74-year-old woman underwent right upper lobe resection surgery for right upper lobe lung adenocarcinoma, pStage IIA, 5 years ago. The patient underwent surveillance without adjuvant chemotherapy. During the fifth year of follow-up, multiple nodules with cavitation were observed on computed tomography in both lung fields. Chemotherapy was considered to address the suspected recurrence of lung cancer; however, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed due to the need for biomarker testing. Pathological examination led to the diagnosis of PLCH. This case emphasizes the importance of a proactive histological diagnosis to determine the appropriate treatment strategy, even in situations where lung cancer recurrence is clinically suspected.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combination effect of Mepolizumab and Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot (EWS) in drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia complicated by refractory pneumothorax.","authors":"Nana Ayame, Yuki Tanabe, Mai Motojima, Ryosuke Tachi, Fumihiko Makino, Shiaki Oh, Shinichi Sasaki, Kazuhisa Takahashi","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few reports have described the treatment of eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) complicated by refractory pneumothorax. A 62-year-old man with a medical history of ulcerative colitis who was undergoing maintenance treatment presented with fever, cough, and diffuse bilateral consolidation on chest radiography. Laboratory findings showed peripheral eosinophilia, and he was hospitalized with a diagnosis of drug-induced EP and started on corticosteroid therapy. During the course, he developed refractory pneumothorax, and it was difficult to control the air leakage. As it was necessary to control the eosinophilic inflammation and air leakage, mepolizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody, and an endobronchial Watanabe spigot (EWS), were introduced. After EWS insertion, the leakage of the refractory pneumothorax disappeared. The patient continued to have no recurrence of EP or pneumothorax after the removal of the EWS. The combination of mepolizumab and an EWS may be effective in cases of EP complicated by refractory pneumothorax.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11408264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A rare case of tracheal squamous cell carcinoma presented with critical airway obstruction.","authors":"Chen-Yu Ho, Yu-Wei Liu, Wei-An Lai, Chia-Min Chen, Kuan-Li Wu","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tracheal squamous cell carcinoma is a rare and potentially fatal thoracic cancer mimicking common airway disorders. Accurate diagnosis requires a detailed history, thorough physical examination, and high clinical suspicion.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11408120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combining biopsy needle and virtual bronchoscopy for tuberculosis-induced complete bronchial blockage.","authors":"Yoshio Nakano, Norio Okamoto, Yuri Enomoto, Iwao Gohma, Hiroyuki Hukuda, Yoko Yamamoto, Naoki Ikeda","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) presents significant clinical challenges, particularly when complete bronchial obstruction occurs. In this case, a young woman with right main bronchus occlusion due to tuberculosis (TB) was treated using a novel approach. Instead of using a traditional rigid bronchoscope, a flexible approach was adopted. Under precise fluoroscopic guidance, a 21-gauge transbronchial aspiration needle was used to puncture the obstruction, allowing passage of the guidewire and subsequent balloon dilation. The use of virtual bronchoscopy, developed using computed tomography scans, ensures safe navigation around critical vascular structures. Postoperatively, the patient showed significant symptomatic improvement without complications. This innovative approach not only demonstrates the efficacy and safety of using biopsy needles and virtual bronchoscopy for managing complete bronchial obstructions in EBTB but also opens the door for future innovative solutions in such complex cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11403274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A rare case of subcutaneous emphysema in a young and healthy patient with parainfluenza virus 3 pneumonia.","authors":"Yahia Yaseen Akeely, Saleh Alesa, Hassan Gafar Hassan, Sultan Almarzouqi, Mohamad Ziad Alchammat, Omar Elghor, Shabana Begum Patel, Emad Hamdi Shaat","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 18-year-old healthy male complained of a 7-day history of fever, cough, and sore throat, along with a three-day history of left facial swelling. The x-rays revealed subcutaneous emphysema in the chest, neck, face, and mediastinum region (Pneumomediastinum). Furthermore, an area of infiltration was visible, indicating pneumonia. Therefore, we immediately started him on intravenous antibiotics. We then moved the patient to an isolation room, considering pulmonary tuberculosis as one of the differential diagnoses. However, the Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB), Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Bacteria-Polymerase Chain Reaction (MTB PCR), and sputum for gram stain and culture were all negative. On the other hand, the test for parainfluenza virus 3 was positive. The patient was observed with a daily chest x-ray to monitor the progress of pneumonia and subcutaneous emphysema. Fortunately, the subcutaneous emphysema was significantly reduced on a daily basis until it was completely resolved before discharge home.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11403177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khaled Musameh, Shane O'Brien, Roshane Mehboob, Thomas Butler, Zara Cunningham, Carol Buckley, Armin Atzinger, Torsten Kuwert, Patrick Mitchell, Seamas C Donnelly
{"title":"Evaluation of fibroblast activation protein-specific PET/CT in a patient with post-COVID pneumonitis.","authors":"Khaled Musameh, Shane O'Brien, Roshane Mehboob, Thomas Butler, Zara Cunningham, Carol Buckley, Armin Atzinger, Torsten Kuwert, Patrick Mitchell, Seamas C Donnelly","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.1446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.1446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often leads to a spectrum of pulmonary complications, including interstitial lung disease (ILD) with the potential for fibrotic sequelae. Assessing the presence of ongoing active inflammation versus established residual fibrosis as a result of lung parenchymal injury and repair in these patients is a clinical challenge. Better understanding of the disease process is crucial for guiding appropriate therapeutic strategies. We aim to investigate the use of positron emission tomography / computer tomography (PET/CT) scans and their role in diagnosing interstitial pneumonitis (IP) post COVID infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respirology Case ReportsPub Date : 2024-09-10eCollection Date: 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.70004
Joseph Inauen, Simone Barry
{"title":"Unravelling diagnostic challenges: A case report of pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis with atypical radiologic presentation.","authors":"Joseph Inauen, Simone Barry","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This clinical case highlights the diagnostic challenges encountered in a young adult smoker presenting with undifferentiated pulmonary nodules. Initial investigations were inconclusive, necessitating surgical lung biopsy due to the nodules' size and location. The histopathological examination revealed pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH). This emphasizes the importance of considering PLCH in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, particularly in smokers. Moreover, it underscores the value of surgical biopsy in cases where other diagnostic techniques are limited. Early recognition and accurate diagnosis are crucial for optimal management and outcomes in PLCH.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11386299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respirology Case ReportsPub Date : 2024-09-09eCollection Date: 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.70013
Jenny Sw Yun, James McCracken, Vikas Wadhwa
{"title":"Radiation-induced angiosarcoma-An unusual cause of recurrent pleural effusion.","authors":"Jenny Sw Yun, James McCracken, Vikas Wadhwa","doi":"10.1002/rcr2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although rare, radiotherapy can induce secondary malignancies, such as radiation-induced angiosarcoma (RIAS), which is associated with a poor prognosis. Early detection is crucial for improving outcomes. The modified Cahan criteria are instrumental in diagnosing RIAS, which is ultimately confirmed through histological examination. We present a case of a middle-aged woman who developed RIAS after undergoing radiotherapy post-surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy for right-sided breast cancer. The patient presented with a rapidly reaccumulating right-sided pleural effusion, and RIAS was confirmed through pleural biopsy and aspirate. This case report highlights the pathway for establishing a diagnosis of RIAS and the need for early detection through clinical examination and surveillance imaging for patients following radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45846,"journal":{"name":"Respirology Case Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11381914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}