Turkish Journal of Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Inflammation-Associated Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Chronic Viral Hepatitis- Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Burcin Pehlivanoglu, Anil Aysal, Cihan Agalar, Tufan Egeli, Mucahit Ozbilgin, Tarkan Unek, Ilkay Tugba Unek, Ilhan Oztop, Safiye Aktas, Ozgul Sagol","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13593","DOIUrl":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify the expression profile and prognostic significance of inflammation-associated lncRNAs in chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) and CVH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (CVH-HCC).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In the first step, lncRNA expression analysis was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using an array panel of 84 inflammation-associated lncRNAs in 48 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples (12 CVH-HCC, 12 peritumoral cirrhotic parenchyma, 12 nontumoral cirrhotic CVH parenchyma, 12 normal liver samples). In the second step, 7 lncRNAs (DLEU2, HOTAIR, LINC00635, LINC00662, RP11-549J18.1, SNHG16 and XIST) were chosen for RT-PCR assay testing in 72 samples (24 CVH-HCC, 24 peritumoral cirrhotic parenchyma, 24 nontumoral cirrhotic CVH parenchyma samples).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six inflammation-associated lncRNAs were significantly up-regulated in the peritumoral cirrhotic parenchyma compared to the normal liver. Expression of 71 lncRNAs was significantly higher in peritumoral cirrhotic parenchyma compared to cirrhotic CVH parenchyma. DLEU2 and SNHG16 were up-regulated both in the tumor and peritumoral cirrhotic parenchyma compared to cirrhotic CVH parenchyma. Expression of LINC00662 was significantly higher in CVH-HCC than in cirrhotic CVH parenchyma. Expression of XIST was also increased in both tumor and peritumoral parenchyma samples, albeit without statistical significance. No significant association was found between lncRNA expressions and survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inflammation-associated lncRNAs DLEU2, SNHG16, LINC00662, and XIST are candidate diagnostic biomarkers in CVH-HCC. More evidence is needed to prove their utility as prognostic markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11826398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytohistological Correlation of Thyroid Cases with Emphasis on Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Analysis of the Causes of Diagnostic Errors on Cytology.","authors":"Soundarya Soundarya, S Mary Theresa-Sylvia, Banushree Chandrasekhar Srinivasamurthy","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2025.13787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2025.13787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Fine needle aspiration cytology is the first line of investigation for thyroid lesions. Despite standard reporting formats, the diagnostic accuracy varies across institutions. In this study, we have reviewed our discordant cases on cytology and histopathology and analyzed the diagnostic errors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The thyroid cases with discrepant cytology and histopathology reports for a period of five years were analyzed for diagnostic errors. The papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases were studied in detail for all diagnostic parameters. Nuclear scoring was used to improve the detection of PTC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 166 cases, 18 (10%) had discrepant diagnoses. The sensitivity was 65.62% (CI 46.81-81.43%), specificity 94.78%, positive predictive value 75%, negative predictive value 92.03%, positive likelihood ratio 12.56, negative likelihood ratio 0.36, false positive rate 5.2%, false negative rate 34.3% and accuracy 89.16%. False negative (malignant cases diagnosed as benign) was due to inadequate/wrong site sampling, benign clusters/ cyst macrophages, marginal flares, thin colloid, larger fragments of calcification, and subtle nuclear features. An interesting flower head-like structure was observed in PTC cases. Nuclear scoring on false negative cases improved our diagnostic accuracy. False positivity was due to vigorous aspiration and over-interpretation of nuclear features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Analysis of our discrepant cases highlighted the importance of multiple passes, sampling all nodules, and ultrasound-guided aspiration to reduce sampling error. Application of nuclear scoring reduced overdiagnosis and missing out on PTC. Tissue fragments and hypercellularity were the major misleading factors in false positive cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancer: Parameters that can be Assessed with Light Microscopy.","authors":"Seetu Palo","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13748","DOIUrl":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Case of Primary Ovarian Mucinous Carcinoma with Signet-Ring Cells and Literature Review.","authors":"Fatma Gundogdu, Alp Usubutun","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2024.13669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of signet-ring cells in the ovary is almost always associated with metastatic mucinous carcinomas known as Krukenberg tumors. Here we report a primary ovarian mucinous carcinoma with signet-ring cells, which is scarcely encountered, and a review of the literature to summarize the clinical and morphological features of these tumors. The patient was a 26-year-old female who had a large multicystic lesion in the right ovary. Macroscopic examination of the cyst revealed a 30 cm-sized multicystic lesion filled with mucinous material. The capsule was intact, and there was no surface involvement. Microscopically, a multicystic mucinous tumor with a predominantly borderline background and three well-demarcated nodules composed of signet ring cells without desmoplastic stroma were noted in the cyst wall. There was only one invasive focus seen. Immunohistochemically, conventional mucinous areas were diffusely positive for Keratin 7 and Keratin 20, and focally positive for PAX8, while negative for CDX2. Signet ring cells were positive for Keratin 20, CDX2, and Keratin 7, while negative for PAX8. In the systemic examinations, no potential primary site was found. The patient has not received any adjuvant treatment and has been followed for six years without disease, which is the longest follow-up time among previously reported cases. Signet ring cells can be present in primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas. The distinction from the more frequently seen metastatic carcinomas needs a complete evaluation of clinicopathological findings. Early-stage primary mucinous carcinomas having localized signet-ring cell nodules seem to have favorable prognosis without adjuvant treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucinous Carcinoma of Ovary in a 15-Year-Old Girl, A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Hazwa Karathanathodi Hamza, Nausheen Yaqoob, Khadra Ahmed Galaal, Aref Zribi, Ibrahim Al-Haddabi","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2024.13496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ovarian epithelial tumors are common in adults, and the median patient age at presentation is 55 years. In children, epithelial tumors are rare and mostly benign. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is reported in only 11 cases less than 15 years old. This report describes the case of a 15-year-old postmenarchal Omani girl with ovarian mucinous carcinoma. She was admitted with severe epigastric pain and abdomen distension. CT scan showed a huge cystic lesion arising from the left adnexa filling the entire abdominal and pelvic cavity. The patient underwent laparotomy with left ovarian cystectomy and omental biopsy which revealed a 35 x 30 cm left ovarian cyst filled with turbid straw color fluid. Histopathology was reported as mucinous carcinoma. The patient later underwent cytoreductive surgery with left salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, appendicectomy, and lymph node dissection that were negative for malignancy or metastatic disease. During follow-up, she developed a lymphocele in the pelvic cavity that was drained. There were no other significant issues during follow-up, as well as no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. Epithelial tumors of the ovary are rare in young girls, with malignant tumors being exceedingly rare. Fertility-sparing surgery is adopted over radical surgery in these patients, even though the recurrence rates with this treatment protocol are high. All cases should be under follow-up to look for recurrence and timely management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficult Diagnosis of Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma of the Retroperitoneum: A Case Report and A Brief Review of the Literature.","authors":"Galina Boyko, Igor Makarov","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2024.13546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm classified within the M-group of malignant histiocytoses. Its diagnosis poses a significant challenge. This article aims to describe a rare clinical case of IDCS and to illustrate the differential diagnostic process undertaken by the authors in establishing this diagnosis. A 60-year-old woman was admitted for the resection of a retroperitoneal mass discovered via CT scan. Morphological examination revealed a 7.5×5.5×5.0 cm tumor, encapsulated by a thin fibrous capsule. The tumor was composed of 90-95% inflammatory infiltrate with lymphocyte-like cells showing mature nuclear morphology (CD3+ and CD20+ cells) mixed with histiocytes and plasma cells, and 5-10% large polymorphic spindle-shaped cells expressing expression of CD45, CD68, CD1a, CD21, CD35, CD31, and CD34. An extensive immunohistochemical panel was performed to exclude various other tumors. Based on the morphology and immunophenotype, a diagnosis of IDCS was established. Further literature analysis indicated the nonspecificity of symptoms in patients with this tumor localization and variability in CD45 and CD68 staining in tumor cells, with consistent lack of expression of CD21, CD23, CD35, CD1a, and specific T- and B-cell antigens. IDCS is a rare and poorly understood tumor with a poor prognosis. The nonspecificity of clinical symptoms and the need for extensive morphological differential diagnosis render this entity a diagnosis of exclusion, requiring significant diligence from the pathologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinoma Cuniculatum Masquerading as Eumycetoma: An Unacquainted Entity Posing a Diagnostic Dilemma.","authors":"Pooja Sharma, Pragya Jain, Ankur Garg, Sonal Sharma","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2024.13373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carcinoma cuniculatum (CC) is a rare and distinct clinicopathological variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. It is a rare and slow-growing tumor with a peculiar infiltrative growth pattern resembling rabbit burrows (cuniculi). It usually occurs over the plantar aspect of the foot but can also occur at other sites like the oral cavity and genitals. The pathogenesis is unknown, with various hypotheses of trauma as proposed by different authors. It is essential to be aware of this entity as it commonly mimics benign and other low-grade squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Diagnosis of CC can be challenging and requires repeated histological evaluation and clinical correlation. Herein, we present a case report of CC of the plantar and dorsal aspect of the foot in a 60-year-old male with a history of multiple chronic non-healing ulcers, which was clinically suspected as eumycetoma and remained inconclusive on numerous biopsies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large Language Models as Tool for Pathology Report Data Extraction: Comment.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.13439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5146/tjpath.2024.13439","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Relationship Between Tumor Microenvironment and Prognostic Parameters in Invasive Breast Carcinomas of No Special Type: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Mine Ozsen, Sahsine Tolunay, Kazim Senol, Adem Deligonul, Sehsuvar Gokgoz, Turkkan Evrensel","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.12805","DOIUrl":"10.5146/tjpath.2024.12805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The tumor microenvironment is a heterogeneous and constantly changing territory that plays an active role in tumor formation and progression. It constantly interacts with tumor cells, plays an active role in tumor development, and even appears as a parameter of prognostic importance, and the importance of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer has been emphasized by recent studies. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the relationship between the tumor microenvironment and prognostic parameters in invasive breast carcinomas of no special type.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 271 cases diagnosed as invasive breast carcinoma of no special type from resection materials in our center between 2007 and 2015 were included in the study. Hematoxylin-eosin stained slides with a thickness of 4-5 micrometers were evaluated in terms of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, peritumoral and intratumoral desmoplastic reaction, intratumoral and peritumoral tumor budding, stromal features, and tumor growth pattern.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When parameters related to the tumor microenvironment were compared with other prognostic parameters, there was a significant relationship between TILs and tumor grade, size, stage, immunohistochemical subgroup and Ki-67 proliferation index. A significant relationship was detected between intratumoral stromal reaction and tumor grade, size, molecular subgroup and the Ki-67 proliferation index (p < 0.05). When stroma and other prognostic parameters were compared, tumors with desmoplastic stroma had higher grades and higher Ki-67 proliferation indexes, and they were observed more frequently in the triple negative molecular subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We believe that including parameters related to tumor microenvironment in breast cancer reports, which hold a prognostic and predictive importance, will contribute to patient management. Considering the fact that these can be easily evaluated from routinely used hematoxylin-eosin stained slides, this does not cause additional costs or excessive time loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"170-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Aspects of Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Sergen Yagci, Aysen Terzi, Abbas Albayati, Ahmet Cagri Uysal","doi":"10.5146/tjpath.2023.01606","DOIUrl":"10.5146/tjpath.2023.01606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digital papillary adenocarcinoma (DPA) is a rare malignant eccrine tumor. A 62-year-old female presented with a subcutaneous nodular 1.5cm-mass in the thumb. Macroscopically, a poorly circumscribed mass containing cystic and solid components was observed. Microscopically, epithelial neoplasm consisting of tubular-cystic structures with back-to-back arrangements was observed. The lining epithelium was composed of cuboidal/columnar cells with mild atypia, with micropapillary extensions. Immunohistochemistry revealed double-layered neoplastic epithelium containing two different types of cells: basaloid/myoepithelial and luminal. We recommend two out of vimentin, HMWCK, and D2-40 for myoepithelial/basaloid cells, also CK7 and EMA for luminal/columnar cells. As the tumor had infiltrated the surgical margins, the patient underwent axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) dissection and re-excision with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). Two additional MMS stages were required due to suspicious surgical margin positivity in the frozen sections. The operation was continued despite the risk of loss of function. Upon examination of the permanent sections, we observed no tumors in the suspected positive foci. Additionally, no tumor was found in the surgical margins. No metastasis was detected in the sentinel lymph node. We have reached 300 reported cases of DPA in the literature. We discussed the histopathological and intraoperative diagnostic pitfalls of DPA with a literature review and our experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":45415,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10823785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9675088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}