Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"The Transformative Impact of New Anti-Obesity Medications: A Paradigm Shift in Medical Practice?","authors":"Arya M Sharma","doi":"10.7570/jomes23078","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"285-288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fat Biology in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Immune Regulation, Fibrosis, and Senescence.","authors":"Chae Min Lee, Sungsoon Fang","doi":"10.7570/jomes23044","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, now officially recognized as a disease requiring intervention, has emerged as a significant health concern due to its strong association with elevated susceptibility to diverse diseases and various types of cancer, including breast cancer. The link between obesity and cancer is intricate, with obesity exerting a significant impact on cancer recurrence and elevated mortality rates. Among the various subtypes of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive, accounting for 15% to 20% of all cases. TNBC is characterized by low expression of estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors as well as the human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor protein. This subtype poses distinct challenges in terms of treatment response and exhibits strong invasiveness. Furthermore, TNBC has garnered attention because of its association with obesity, in which excess body fat and reduced physical activity have been identified as contributing factors to the increased incidence of this aggressive form of breast cancer. In this comprehensive review, the impact of obesity on TNBC was explored. Specifically, we focused on the three key mechanisms by which obesity affects TNBC development and progression: modification of the immune profile, facilitation of fibrosis, and initiation of senescence. By comprehensively examining these mechanisms, we illuminated the complex interplay between TNBC and obesity, facilitating the development of novel approaches for prevention, early detection, and effective management of this challenging disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"312-321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of the Mechanism behind Excessive Volume of Pericardial Fat in Heart Failure.","authors":"Sandeep Karna, Ki-Woon Kang","doi":"10.7570/jomes23042","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by myocardial dysfunction leading to inefficient blood filling or ejection. Regardless of the etiology, various mechanisms, including adipokine hypersecretion, proinflammatory cytokines, stem cell proliferation, oxidative stress, hyperglycemic toxicity, and autonomic nervous system dysregulation in the pericardial fat (PCF), contribute to the development of HF. PCF has been directly associated with cardiovascular disease, and an increased PCF volume is associated with HF. The PCF acts as neuroendocrine tissue that is closely linked to myocardial function and acts as an energy reservoir. This review aims to summarize each mechanism associated with PCF in HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"322-329"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Telomere Length by Age and Obesity.","authors":"Yun-A Shin,&nbsp;Jae-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.7570/jomes23009","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates differences in telomere length according to obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and fitness level in South Korean males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects of this study were males in their 10s to 50s (n=249). We measured obesity indices, CVD risk factors, leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Correlation and regression analyses were performed to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Measurement of participants' obesity indices, CVD risk factors, and maximum oxygen intake and analyzing their correlations with LTL revealed that LTL and CRF decreased with age and the levels and numbers of obesity indices and CVD risk factors increased. The LTL showed differences according to whether subjects exhibited obesity or dyslipidemia and by CRF level. When all the variables that influence the LTL were adjusted, the LTL became shorter as the age and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level increased, and it became longer as the maximum rate of oxygen utilization (VO2max) increased. When the age and CVD risk factors that influence the LTL were adjusted according to obesity and CRF for the obese group, the LTL became shorter as the age and LDL-C level increased (<i>P</i><0.01), and it became longer as VO2max increased (<i>P</i><0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that obesity influenced the LTL by increasing the levels of CVD risk factors and decreasing CRF, whereas maintaining high CRF could alleviate the effects of obesity and CVD risk factors according to age while maintaining and influencing the elongation of LTL.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"32 3","pages":"259-268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/da/jomes-32-3-259.PMC10583773.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41153082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Disorders among Filipino Immigrant Women: The Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL).","authors":"Hee Sun Kim,&nbsp;Heejin Lee,&nbsp;Sherlyn Mae P Provido,&nbsp;Grace H Chung,&nbsp;Sangmo Hong,&nbsp;Sung Hoon Yu,&nbsp;Jung Eun Lee,&nbsp;Chang Beom Lee","doi":"10.7570/jomes22032","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes22032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep plays a complex role in metabolic regulation, and the underlying linkage has not been clearly defined. We investigated the association between sleep duration and metabolic disorders in Filipino immigrants in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 410 participants from the 2014 to 2016 baseline population of the Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study. Usual sleep duration was self-reported, and anthropometric parameters were measured directly. Blood glucose, lipid, and insulin levels were examined from fasting serum samples. We used general linear models to acquire least squares (LS) means and logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios to test the cross-sectional association between sleep duration and metabolic markers with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a statistically significant linear association between increased sleep duration and elevated triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). LS means (95% CI) of <5, 5-6, 7-8, and >8 hours of sleep were 81.74 (71.43 to 93.54), 85.15 (76.65 to 94.59), 86.33 (77.84 to 95.75), and 105.22 (88.07 to 125.71), respectively, for triglycerides (<i>P</i> trend=0.049) and 174.52 (165.02 to 184.57), 180.50 (172.79 to 188.55), 182.51 (174.83 to 190.53), and 190.16 (176.61 to 204.74), respectively, for total cholesterol (<i>P</i> trend= 0.042). For LDL-C, the LS means (95% CI) were 97.34 (88.80 to 106.71), 100.69 (93.73 to 108.18), 104.47 (97.35 to 112.10), and 109.43 (96.94 to 123.54), respectively (<i>P</i> trend=0.047). Statistical significance persisted after additional adjustment for body mass index. The association with triglycerides was limited to current alcohol drinkers (<i>P</i> interaction=0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Longer sleep duration was associated with increased triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels. The association with triglycerides was more pronounced among moderate alcohol drinkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/84/jomes-32-3-224.PMC10583772.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10288811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Phenotype Models Based on Waist Circumference and Triglyceride Levels and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Karunia Valeriani Japar,&nbsp;Timotius Ivan Hariyanto,&nbsp;Mochammad Sja'bani Mardjopranoto","doi":"10.7570/jomes23037","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of death worldwide and has a high cost of treatment. Studies have indicated that a combination of waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride (TG) levels can be used to determine the risk of CKD. This study analyzes the risk of CKD using four phenotype models based on WC and TG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This meta-analysis analyzes 113,019 participants from 13 studies. We conducted relevant literature searches in the Europe PMC, Medline, and Scopus databases using specific keywords. The results obtained were pooled into odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our pooled analysis revealed that the highest significant independent association was between CKD and the high WC-high TG phenotype (adjusted OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.39 to 1.88; <i>P</i><0.00001; I²=59%), followed by the high WC-normal TG phenotype (adjusted OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.57; <i>P</i>=0.001; I²=67%), and the normal WC-high TG phenotype (adjusted OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.37; <i>P</i>=0.005; I²=29%) when the normal WC-normal TG phenotype was taken as the reference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that phenotype models based on WC and TG can be used as screening tools to predict the risk of CKD. Our results also indicate that WC plays a larger role than TG in the CKD risk. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the results of our study.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"236-246"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/53/2e/jomes-32-3-236.PMC10583768.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10289814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neck Circumference as a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in People with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.","authors":"Da-Hye Son,&nbsp;Jee Hye Han,&nbsp;Jun-Hyuk Lee","doi":"10.7570/jomes22066","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes22066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance is common in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Because insulin resistance is a predictive factor for advanced liver diseases in people with NAFLD, efforts have been made to predict it through anthropometric variables. Recently, neck circumference (NC) has been regarded as a reliable alternative marker for metabolic disorders. This study verified the association between NC and insulin resistance in patients with NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 847 people with NAFLD who participated in the 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. NAFLD was defined by a hepatic steatosis index score of ≥36 points, and insulin resistance was defined by a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance score of ≥2.5 points. Participants were divided according to sex-specific NC tertiles (T1, lowest; T2, middle; T3, highest).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), NC displayed a greater predictive power than body mass index (BMI) for insulin resistance in women (AUC of NC=0.625 vs. AUC of BMI=0.573, <i>P</i>=0.035). NC and the odds ratio (OR) for insulin resistance showed a cubic relationship in both men and women. In the weighted multiple logistic regression analysis, the ORs with 95% confidence intervals for insulin resistance in people with NAFLD in T2 and T3 compared to the reference tertile (T1) were 1.06 (0.47-2.41) and 1.13 (0.41-3.11), respectively, in men and 1.12 (0.64-1.97) and 2.54 (1.19-5.39), respectively, in women, after adjusting for confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NC was positively correlated with insulin resistance in women with NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"214-223"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/26/jomes-32-3-214.PMC10583771.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10177457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal Metabolites as Potential Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Promising Compounds for Cancer and Metabolic Disorders.","authors":"Ebrahim Yarmohammadi,&nbsp;Maryam Khanjani,&nbsp;Zahra Khamverdi,&nbsp;Marzieh Savari,&nbsp;Amir Taherkhani","doi":"10.7570/jomes23029","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human carbonic anhydrases (CAs) play a role in various pathological mechanisms by controlling intracellular and extracellular pH balance. Irregular expression and function of CAs have been associated with multiple human diseases, such as obesity, cancer, glaucoma, and epilepsy. In this work, we identify herbal compounds that are potential inhibitors of CA VI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the AutoDock tool to evaluate binding affinity between the CA VI active site and 79 metabolites derived from flavonoids, anthraquinones, or cinnamic acids. Compounds ranked at the top were chosen for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Interactions between the best CA VI inhibitors and residues within the CA VI active site were examined before and after MD analysis. Additionally, the effects of the most potent CA VI inhibitor on cell viability were ascertained <i>in vitro</i> through the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaempferol 3-rutinoside-4-glucoside, orientin, kaempferol 3-rutinoside-7-sophoroside, cynarin, and chlorogenic acid were estimated to establish binding with the CA VI catalytic domain at the picomolar scale. The range of root mean square deviations for CA VI complexes with kaempferol 3-rutinoside-4-glucoside, aloe-emodin 8-glucoside, and cynarin was 1.37 to 2.05, 1.25 to 1.85, and 1.07 to 1.54 Å, respectively. The MTT assay results demonstrated that cynarin had a substantial effect on HCT-116 cell viability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified several herbal compounds that could be potential drug candidates for inhibiting CA VI.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"32 3","pages":"247-258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/de/jomes-32-3-247.PMC10583767.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41104607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19, Obesity, and GRP78: Unraveling the Pathological Link.","authors":"Jihoon Shin,&nbsp;Iichiro Shimomura","doi":"10.7570/jomes23053","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to an unprecedented global surge in infections and fatalities. Notably, obesity has emerged as an important susceptibility factor for COVID-19; however, the pathological mechanisms for this remain poorly understood. Recent studies proposed a role for glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), a protein implicated in both obesity and metabolic syndrome, which may function as a binding partner and/or co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Given its crucial involvement in diverse biological processes, GRP78 likely plays a major role in multiple facets of the viral life cycle and the pathology of COVID-19. This perspective review discusses the potential contributions of GRP78 to the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathology, particularly in the context of obesity. The primary objective is to facilitate a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Through this exploration, we aim to illuminate the complex interactions underpinning the nexus of COVID-19, obesity, and GRP78, ultimately paving the way for informed therapeutic strategies and preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":"32 3","pages":"183-196"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f8/1e/jomes-32-3-183.PMC10583770.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41178769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Nutrition Education with Intervention Mapping on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women with Borderline Dyslipidemia: Analysis According to Menopausal Status.","authors":"Hansongyi Lee,&nbsp;Kumhee Son,&nbsp;Inji Lee,&nbsp;Hyunjung Lim","doi":"10.7570/jomes23013","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes23013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Menopause causes hormonal, physical, and psychological changes that are associated with an increase in risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examined the effects of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) on CVD risk factors in pre- and post-menopausal women with borderline dyslipidemia in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 76 participants were divided into the MNT and control groups. MNT was performed for 12 weeks using intervention mapping with consideration of weight, blood lipid levels, and dietary assessment results. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements and dietary intake were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dietary energy and cholesterol intake, waist circumference (WC), blood triacylglycerol and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and atherogenic index (AI) of the pre-menopausal MNT group decreased significantly after the intervention. Moreover, dietary cholesterol intake, WC, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, total blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein ratio, and AI decreased significantly in the post-menopausal MNT group after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MNT for 12 weeks is effective in decreasing risk factors associated with CVD in Korean women with borderline dyslipidemia, and the effects differ between pre- and post-menopausal women.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"269-278"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/65/c7/jomes-32-3-269.PMC10583769.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10495143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}