Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome最新文献

{"title":"Could a Short Incremental Test Be a Valid Cardiorespiratory Efficiency Assessment Tool in Obese Adults? A Comparison between Two Exercise Testing Protocols.","authors":"Dafne Ferrari, Valerio Bonavolontà, Matteo Campanella, Ludovica Cardinali, Lavinia Falcioni, Gian Pietro Emerenziani, Silvia Migliaccio, Edoardo Mocini, Marco Meucci, Carlo Baldari, Andrea De Giorgio, Laura Guidetti","doi":"10.7570/jomes24049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes24049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess cardiorespiratory efficiency in obese adults, two exercise test treadmill protocols with 2- or 3-min stages were compared.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six obese adult subjects were involved in this study. Sixteen men (age 51.5±10.5 years; BMI 36.7±4.8 kg/m²) and 20 women (age 42.4±12.4 years; BMI 36.5±4.7 kg/m²) performed submaximal incremental graded tests on treadmills with 2- or 3-minute stages on different days. During each testing session, heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO₂ mL/min/kg), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), fat oxidation (FO) at maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and maximal fat oxidation zone (Fat_max zone) were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No differences were found for HR, VO₂, and RPE at MFO between the two protocols. Significant differences (2-minute vs. 3-minute) were found for FO (576.3±162.9 mg/min vs. 506.0±148.1 mg/min respectively; <i>P</i><0.05) at MFO between the two protocols. No differences were found for VO₂ and HR in high and low Fat_max zone borders. Moreover, a difference was found for FO at the low and high borders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exercise intensity at which the MFO and Fat_max zone occur is not influenced by the duration of stage-to-stage increments. The two exercise testing protocols could be considered interchangeable to assess HR, VO₂, and RPE at MFO.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MASLD Complicated By Diabetes: Pathophysiology and Emerging Therapies.","authors":"Hisanori Goto, Toshinari Takamura","doi":"10.7570/jomes25017","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a liver manifestation of diabetes that is often associated with obesity and insulin resistance, with hyperglycemia worsening its progression. Recent studies have shown a bidirectional relationship between MASLD and diabetes: MASLD contributes to insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia accelerates the progression of MASLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Hepatokines upregulated by overnutrition and hyperglycemia are implicated in the link between liver steatosis and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, highlighting inter-organ crosstalk in the progression of both MASLD and diabetes. In individuals with diabetes, hyperglycemia and free fatty acid influx promote <i>de novo</i> lipogenesis and enhance lipid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation in the liver, potentially leading to increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Transcriptome analyses of human MASH and diabetic MASH model animals have revealed liver endothelial cell damage in diabetic conditions. Most drugs proven effective for MASH in randomized controlled trials are antidiabetic agents. Recently, pioglitazone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and dual agonists of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and GLP-1 have been recommended as preferred options for glycemic control in MASH patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Meanwhile, the efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for MASH has also been reported, primarily in East Asia. Given the diversity in MASLD/MASH pathology among populations, ranging from lean to obese individuals with and without diabetes, population-specific approaches might help elucidate the pathogenesis of MASLD/MASH and develop treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosstalk between Epigenetics and Autophagy in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Irfana Zahoor, Gh Jeelani Mir, Nazir Ahmad Lone, Nissar Ul Ashraf","doi":"10.7570/jomes24041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes24041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is one of the most common causes of liver dysfunction worldwide, posing a significant economic burden. However, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of MASLD is in its early stages. Over the last two decades, epigenetic mechanisms and autophagy have emerged as two independent phenomena that control cellular and molecular processes in health and disease. Epigenetic events and defects in autophagy have been linked with the pathogenesis of MASLD and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in cellular studies, mouse models, and human research. However, the connection between epigenetic mechanisms and autophagy regulation in MASLD and MASH pathogenesis remains unclear. This review highlights the importance of epigenetic modifications and their regulatory switches in controlling downstream pathways that significantly impact metabolic disease pathogenesis. We also review the need to identify key epigenetic factors regulating autophagy in MASLD and MASH pathogenesis. Such insights could aid the development of novel strategies to restore autophagy and improve disease outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferulic Acid Attenuates Aortic Stiffening and Cardiovascular Remodeling by Suppressing Inflammation and the Renin-Angiotensin System in Rats Fed a High-Fat/High-Carbohydrate Diet.","authors":"Ketmanee Senaphan, Weerapon Sangartit, Veerapol Kukongviriyapan, Orachorn Boonla, Stephen E Greenwald, Upa Kukongviriyapan","doi":"10.7570/jomes24017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes24017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ferulic acid (FA) is an antioxidant compound present in cereals, fruits, and vegetables. Chronic consumption of a high-fat and high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet can lead to metabolic syndrome and increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This study examined whether FA could mitigate vascular inflammation, aortic stiffness, and cardiovascular remodeling in rats fed a HFHC diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (eight rats/group): one group was fed a standard chow diet with or without FA supplementation, while the others were fed an HFHC diet plus a 15% fructose solution for 16 weeks. Rats on the HFHC diet received FA at doses of 0, 30, or 60 mg/kg/day during the final 6 weeks of the study. Various cardiovascular parameters, plasma biochemical markers, and the expression of biomarker proteins were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FA administration alleviated the metabolic disturbances caused by the HFHC diet. FA reduced arterial blood pressure, aortic pulse wave velocity, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and angiotensin-mediated myocardial fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy, as evidenced by decreases in ventricular interstitial fibrosis and cross-sectional area. These beneficial effects were associated with reduced vascular superoxide production and lower plasma levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme and tumor necrosis factor α. FA also suppressed the expression of Ang II type 1 receptor, gp91^phox, and vascular-adhesion molecule 1 proteins and prevented hypertrophic remodeling of the aortic wall by reducing protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides insightful findings on the beneficial effects of FA in reducing aortic stiffness and cardiovascular remodeling associated with metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Rising Tide: The ANI Index as a Lifeline for Liver Health in Asia.","authors":"John Patrick C Toledo","doi":"10.7570/jomes25016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7570/jomes25016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter: Obesity in Children and Adolescents: 2022 Update of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (J Obes Metab Syndr 2024;33:11-9).","authors":"Dalmacito A Cordero","doi":"10.7570/jomes24022","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes24022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"177-178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Korean Patients with Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Remission.","authors":"Sohyun Shin, Hwa Young Kim, Se Young Kim, Jaehyun Kim","doi":"10.7570/jomes24042","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes24042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improving β-cell function can lead to remission in some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, research on pharmacotherapy-induced remission in youth-onset T2DM remains scarce. Our study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients who experience remission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 88 pediatric patients with T2DM followed for at least 1 year at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2013 and 2023. Remission was defined as a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level less than 6.5% for at least 3 months after ceasing glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 88 patients (60 males, 68.2%) diagnosed at an average age of 14.4±2.1 years, 19 patients (21.6%) achieved remission after a median duration of 1.4 years. The remission group had a larger proportion of males (89.5% vs. 62.3%, <i>P</i>=0.024) and a lower urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) at diagnosis (<i>P</i>=0.011). They also showed lower HbA1c levels at 1 year and more significant changes in HbA1c and body mass index (all <i>P</i><0.05). Higher urinary ACR levels correlated with a longer duration to achieve remission (hazard ratio, 0.928; <i>P</i>=0.013). In three of the 19 remission patients (15.8%), recurrence occurred after a median of 1.5 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among Korean youth with T2DM, 21.6% achieved remission after a median duration of 1.4 years. Those who experienced remission were predominantly male, had lower ACR at diagnosis, and had significant weight loss within the first year. Further investigation into the factors influencing remission and long-term outcomes is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"158-165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Precision in Obesity Diagnosis: Progress, Pitfalls, and the Path Ahead.","authors":"Myung Jin Kim, Chang Hee Jung","doi":"10.7570/jomes25032","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"85-87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Obesity.","authors":"Shuhao Lin, Michael D Jensen","doi":"10.7570/jomes25025","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes25025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scientific understanding of adipose tissue has advanced tremendously during the past decade. Once thought to be an inert fat storage organ, we now know that adipose tissue serves important functions in energy balance and endocrinology, as well as playing a central role in the development of metabolic diseases. Adipose tissue lipid storage and lipolysis are tightly controlled by hormones, such as insulin, in response to the body's energy needs. Adipose insulin sensitivity can be measured <i>in vivo</i> in humans using isotopic fatty acid tracers and the insulin clamp technique. These data allow investigators to calculate the plasma insulin concentration that results in a 50% suppression of lipolysis. In obesity, insulin's action on adipose tissue lipolysis is clearly impaired, resulting in excess free fatty acids in circulation, which can lead to metabolic dysfunction. However, the cause of this impairment is unclear. The chronic, low-grade adipose tissue inflammation seen in obesity was thought to be the cause of adipose tissue insulin resistance. In this review, we discuss the structure of adipose tissue, how normal and abnormal adipose tissue metabolism contributes to metabolic diseases, and how inflammation might or might not play a role in adipose tissue insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Perspectives on Pediatric Obesity Prevention and Management in Korea: Insights into Barriers and Facilitators.","authors":"Jahye Jung, Yoon Lee, Minsoo Shin, Ah-Ram Sul, Yong Hee Hong","doi":"10.7570/jomes24050","DOIUrl":"10.7570/jomes24050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parental awareness and involvement are crucial in managing obesity in children and adolescents. Although awareness of obesity-related health risks is increasing, public understanding of specific aspects remains limited. This study examines parental perceptions and practices regarding pediatric obesity in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted from June 3 to 14, 2024, targeting 102 parents/guardians of children and adolescents who were overweight or obese according to the 2023 Student Health Examination results. The survey assessed experiences with medical consultations, awareness and management practices regarding obesity, awareness of related policies, and barriers and facilitators for obesity management.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant gap exists between awareness and actual practice in managing pediatric obesity. Although 90.2% of the respondents recognized the importance of dietary and exercise management, the actual implementation rates were low (68.6% and 66.7%, respectively). Notably, 62.1% of respondents were unaware of any existing national policies or programs: 39.7% were aware of relevant policies, and only 35.3% were aware of related programs. Barriers to obesity management included a lack of awareness and motivation among children and adolescents, insufficient information for parents/guardians, and financial and time constraints. Facilitators of effective management include accurate diagnosis, coordination between schools and healthcare providers, and increased community support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combating pediatric obesity will require improved awareness and education, reduced financial burden, and the promotion of national policies. Strengthening coordination among schools, healthcare providers, and community resources will facilitate the successful management of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome","volume":" ","pages":"166-176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}